Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-tf8b9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T23:46:55.096Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

A review of bovine fasciolosis and other trematode infections in Nigeria

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 May 2017

N. Elelu  and
M.C. Eisler
N. Elelu*
Affiliation:
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria University of Bristol, School of Veterinary Science, Langford, Bristol, BS40 5DU, UK
M.C. Eisler
Affiliation:
University of Bristol, School of Veterinary Science, Langford, Bristol, BS40 5DU, UK
*
*Email: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Trematode infections cause serious economic losses to livestock worldwide. Global production losses due to fasciolosis alone exceed US$3 billion annually. Many trematode infections are also zoonotic and thus a public health concern. The World Health Organization has estimated that about 56 million people worldwide are infected by at least one zoonotic trematode species, and up to 750 million people are at risk of infection. Fasciolosis caused by the fluke Fasciola gigantica is endemic in Nigeria and is one of the most common causes of liver condemnation in abattoirs. Total cattle losses from Fasciola infection in Nigeria have been estimated to cost £32.5 million. Other trematode infections of cattle, including paramphistomosis, dicrocoeliasis and schistosomiasis, have all been reported in various parts of Nigeria, with varying prevalence. Most publications on trematode infections are limited to Nigerian local and national journals, with very few international reports. This paper therefore summarized the current data on distribution, control and zoonotic trematode infections in Nigeria and other African countries. We also identified research gaps and made recommendations for future research and areas for funding for policy/planning.

Type
Review Article
Information
Journal of Helminthology , Volume 92 , Issue 2 , March 2018 , pp. 128 - 141
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2017 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abaver, D.T., Nwobegahay, J.M., Goon, D.T., Iweriebor, B.C. & Khoza, L.B. (2012) Enteric parasitic infections in HIV-infected patients with low CD4 counts in Toto, Nigeria. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences 28, 630–633.Google Scholar
Abebe, R., Abunna, F., Berhane, M., Mekuria, S., Megersa, B. & Regassa, A. (2010) Fasciolosis: prevalence, financial losses due to liver condemnation and evaluation of a simple sedimentation diagnostic technique in cattle slaughtered at Hawassa Munincipal abattoir, Southern Ethiopia. Ethiopia Veterinary Journal 14, 39–51.Google Scholar
Abraham, J.T. & Jude, I.B. (2014) Fascioliasis in cattle and goat slaughtered at Calabar Abattoirs. Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare 4, 34–40.Google Scholar
Abrous, M., Rondelaud, D. & Dreyfuss, G. (1996) Paramphistomum daubneyi: the development of redial generations in the snail Lymnaea truncatula . Parasitology Research 83, 64–69.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Adediran, O.A. & Uwalaka, E.C. (2015) Effectiveness evaluation of levamisole, albendazole, ivermectin, and Vernonia amygdalina in West African dwarf goats. Journal of Parasitology Research. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/706824.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Adediran, O.A., Adebiyi, A.I. & Uwalaka, E.C. (2014) Prevalence of Fasciola species in ruminants under extensive management system in Ibadan southwestern Nigeria. African Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences 43 (Suppl.), 137–141.Google ScholarPubMed
Adedokun, O.A., Ayinmode, A.B. & Fagbemi, B.O. (2008) A comparative study of three methods for detecting Fasciola infections in Nigerian cattle. Veterinarski Arhiv 78, 411–416.Google Scholar
Agatsuma, T., Arakawa, Y., Iwagami, M., Honzako, Y., Cahyaningsih, U., Kang, S.Y. & Hong, S.J. (2000) Molecular evidence of natural hybridization between Fasciola hepatica and F. gigantica . Parasitology International 49, 231–238.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Aiello, S.E. (1998) The Merck veterinary manual. Whitehouse Station, New Jersey, USA, Wiley.Google Scholar
Akinwale, O.P., Hock, T.T., Chia-Kwung, F., Zheng, Q., Haimo, S., Ezeh, C. & Gyang, P.V. (2014) Differentiating Schistosoma haematobium from Schistosomama grebowiei and other closely related schistosomes by polymerase chain reaction amplification of a species specific mitochondrial gene. Tropical Parasitology 4, 38.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ali, H., Ai, L., Song, H.Q., Ali, S., Lin, R.Q., Seyni, B., Issa, G. & Zhu, X.Q. (2008) Genetic characterisation of Fasciola samples from different host species and geographical localities revealed the existence of F. hepatica and F. gigantica in Niger. Parasitology Research 102, 1021–1024.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Aliyu, A.A., Ajogi, I.A., Ajanusi, O.J. & Reuben, R.C. (2014) Epidemiological studies of Fasciola gigantica in cattle in Zaria, Nigeria using coprology and serology. Journal of Public Health 6, 85–91.Google Scholar
Alonge, D.O. & Fasanmi, E.F. (1979) A survey of abattoir data in Northern Nigeria [cattle]. Tropical Animal Health and Production 11, 57–62.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Alvarez Rojas, C.A., Jex, A.R., Gasser, R.B. & Scheerlinck, J.-P.Y. (2014) Techniques for the diagnosis of Fasciola infections in animals: room for improvement. Advances in Parasitology 86, 65–107.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Amer, S., Dar, Y., Ichikawa, M., Fukuda, Y., Tada, C., Itagaki, T. & Nakai, Y. (2011) Identification of Fasciola species isolated from Egypt based on sequence analysis of genomic (ITS1 and ITS2) and mitochondrial (NDI and COI) gene markers. Parasitology International 60, 5–12.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Amor, N., Farjallah, S., Salem, M., Lamine, D.M., Merella, P., Said, K. & Ben Slimane, B. (2011) Molecular characterization of Fasciola gigantica from Mauritania based on mitochondrial and nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences. Experimental Parasitology 129, 127–136.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ardo, M.B., Aliyara, Y.H. & Lawal, H. (2014) Prevalence of bovine fasciolosis in major abattiors of Adamawa State, Nigeria. Bayero Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences 6, 12–16.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Aregheore, E.M. (Ed.) (2009) Country forage/forest resource profile Nigeria. pp. 1–42. Rome, Food and Agriculture Organization of United Nations.Google Scholar
Armour, J. (1975) The epidemiology and control of bovine fascioliasis. Veterinary Record 96, 198–201.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Armstrong, A. (1982) Economic impact of fascioliasis. VIIth World Congress on diseases of cattle. pp. 1113–1117. Netherlands, World Association for Buiartrics.Google Scholar
Ashrafi, K., Valero, M.A., Panova, M., Periago, M.V., Massoud, J. & Mas-Coma, S. (2006) Phenotypic analysis of adults of Fasciola hepatica, Fasciola gigantica and intermediate forms from the endemic region of Gilan, Iran. Parasitology International 55, 249–260.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ayalew, G., Tilahun, A., Aylate, A., Teshale, A. & Getachew, A. (2016) A study on prevalence of paramphistomum in cattle slaughtered in Gondar Elfora Abattoir, Ethiopia. Journal of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health 8, 107–111.Google Scholar
Babalola, D.A. & Schillhorn van Veen, T.W. (1976). Incidence of fascioliasis in cattle slaughtered in Bauchi (Nigeria). Tropical Animal Health and Production 8, 243–247.Google Scholar
Barber, K.E., Mkoji, G.M. & Loker, E.S. (2000) PCR-RFLP analysis of the ITS2 region to identify Schistosoma haematobium and S. bovis from Kenya. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 62, 434–440.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bett, B., Machila, N., Gathura, P.B., Mcdermott, J.J. & Eisler, M.C. (2004) Characterisation of shops selling veterinary medicines in a tsetse-infested area of Kenya. Preventive Veterinary Medicine 63, 29–38.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bogatko, W. (1975) Mass mixed infection with Paramphistomum cervi and Fasciola gigantica in cattle in northern Nigeria. Medycyna Weterynaryjna 31, 469–470.Google Scholar
Boray, J.C. (1969) Experimental fasciolosis in Australia. Advances in Parasitology 7, 95–210.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Boray, J.C. (1985) Flukes in domestic animals. pp. 179–218 in Gaafar, S.M., Howard, W.E. & Marsh, R.E. (Eds) Parasites, pests and predators. New York, Elsevier.Google Scholar
Boray, J., Crowfoot, P., Strong, M., Allison, J., Schellenbaum, M., Von Orelli, M. & Sarasin, G. (1983) Treatment of immature and mature Fasciola hepatica infections in sheep with triclabendazole. Veterinary Record 113, 315–317.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brockwell, Y.M., Elliott, T.P., Anderson, G.R., Stanton, R., Spithill, T.W. & Sangster, N.C. (2014) Confirmation of Fasciola hepatica resistant to triclabendazole in naturally infected Australian beef and dairy cattle. International Journal for Parasitology: Drugs and Drug Resistance 4, 48–54.Google ScholarPubMed
Brown, D.S. & Kristensen, T.K. (1993) A field guide to African fresh water snails: West African species. Denmark, Danish Bilharziasis Laboratory.Google Scholar
Bunza, M.D.A., Ahmad, A. & Fana, S.A. (2008) Prevalence and fluke burden of paramphistomiasis in ruminants slaughtered at Sokoto Central Abattoir, Sokoto. Nigerian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 16, 287–292.Google Scholar
Cabeza-Barrera, I., Cabezas-Fernández, T., Salas Coronas, J., Vázquez Villegas, J. & Cobo, F. (2011) Dicrocoelium dendriticum: an emerging spurious infection in a geographic area with a high level of immigration. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 105, 403–406.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Castro-Trejo, L., García-Vasquez, Z. & Casildo-Nieto, J. (1990) The susceptibility of lymnaeid snails to Paramphistomum cervi infections in Mexico. Veterinary Parasitology 35, 157–161.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
CBN (1999) Annual Report. Central Bank of Nigeria.Google Scholar
Cengiz, Z.T., Yilmaz, H., Dülger, A.C. & Çiçek, M. (2010) Human infection with Dicrocoelium dendriticum in Turkey. Annals of Saudi Medicine 30, 159–161.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chen, M.G. & Mott, K.E. (1990) Progress in assessment of morbidity due to Fasciola hepatica infection: a review of recent literature. Tropical Diseases Bulletin 87, 1–38.Google Scholar
Chunge, R., Katsivo, M., Kok, P., Wamivea, M. & Kinoti, S. (1986) Schistosoma bovis in human stools in Kenya. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 80, 849.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Coles, G.C. & Stafford, K.A. (2001) Activity of oxyclozzanide, nitroxynil, clorsulon and albendazole against adult triclabendazole resistant Fasciola hepatica . Veterinary Record 148, 723–724.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Coles, G.C., Bauer, C., Borgsteede, F.H.M., Geerts, S., Klei, T.R., Taylor, M.A. & Waller, P.J. (1992) World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology (W.A.A.V.P.) methods for the detection of anthelmintic resistance in nematodes of veterinary importance. Veterinary Parasitology 44, 35–44.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dada-Adegbola, H.O., Falade, C.O., Oluwatoba, O.A. & Abiodun, O.O. (2004) Gastrodiscoides hominis infection in a Nigerian – case report. West African Journal of Medicine 23, 185–186.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Damwesh, S.D. & Ardo, M.B. (2013) Detection of Fasciola gigantica antibodies using Pourquier ELISA kit. Sokoto Journal of Veterinary Sciences 11, 43–48.Google Scholar
Damwesh, S.D. & Ardo, M.B. (2015) Best periods for deworming cattle against fasciolosis in Nigeria (a tropical sub-saharan country with dry and wet seasons). Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology 6, 270.Google Scholar
De Bont, J. & Vercruysse, J. (1997) The epidemiology and control of cattle schistosomiasis. Parasitology Today 13, 255–262.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
De Bont, J. & Vercruysse, J. (1998) Schistosomiasis in cattle. Advances in Parasitology 41, 285–364.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
De Bont, J., Vercruysse, J., Southgate, V.R., Rollinson, D. & Kaukas, A. (1994) Cattle schistosomiasis in Zambia. Journal of Helminthology 68, 295–299.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dinnik, J.A. (1964) Intestinal paramphistomiasis and P. microbothrium Fischoeder in Africa. Bulletin of Epizootic Diseases of Africa 12, 439–454.Google Scholar
Dipeolu, M.A., Dipeolu, A. & Eruvbetine, D. (2000) The prevalence of fascioliasis in south western Nigeria (1986–91). International Journal of Animal Sciences 15, 151–152.Google Scholar
Dube, S., Onyedineke, N.E. & Aisien, M.S.O. (2013) Ceylonocotyle, Bothriophoron, and Calicophoron species parasitic in some Nigerian cattle. Advances in Bioresearch 4, 38–43.Google Scholar
Dutt, S.C. & Srivastava, H.D. (1972) The life history of Gastrodiscoides hominis (Lewis and McConnel, 1876) Leiper, 1913 – the amphistome parasite of man and pig. Journal of Helminthology 46, 35–46.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Edosomwan, E.U. & Shoyemi, O.O. (2012) Prevalence of gastrointestinal helminth parasites of cattle and goats slaughtered at abattoirs in Benin City, Nigeria. African Scientist 13, 109–114.Google Scholar
Ejeh, E.F., Paul, B.T., Lawan, F.A., Lawal, J.R., Ejeh, S.A. & Hambali, I.U. (2015) Seasonal prevalence of bovine fasciolosis and its direct economic losses (del) due to liver condemnation at Makurdi abattoirs, North central Nigeria. Sokoto Journal of Veterinary Sciences 13, 42–48.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ekwunife, C.A. & Eneanya, C.I. (2006) Fasciola gigantica in Onitsha and environs. Animal Research International 3, 448–450.Google Scholar
Elelu, N., Ambali, A., Coles, G.C. & Eisler, M.C. (2016) Cross-sectional study of Fasciola gigantica and other trematode infections of cattle in Edu Local Government Area, Kwara State, North-central Nigeria. Parasites & Vectors 9, 470.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Elliott, T.P., Kelley, J.M., Rawlin, G. & Spithill, T.W. (2015) High prevalence of fasciolosis and evaluation of drug efficacy against Fasciola hepatica in dairy cattle in the Maffra and Bairnsdale districts of Gippsland, Victoria, Australia. Veterinary Parasitology 209, 117–124.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Esteban, J.G., Bargues, M.D. & Mas-Coma, S. (1998) Geographical distribution, diagnosis and treatment of human fasciolosis: a review. Research and Reviews in Parasitology 58, 13–42.Google Scholar
European Environment Agency (2004) Impacts of Europe's changing climate. An indicator-based assessment. EEA Report No. 2.Google Scholar
Fabiyi, J.P. (1987) Production losses and control of helminths in ruminants of tropical regions. International Journal for Parasitology 17, 435–442.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fabiyi, J.P. & Adeleye, G.A. (1982) Bovine fascioliasis on the Jos Plateau, Northern Nigeria with particular reference to economic importance. Bulletin of Animal Health and Production in Africa 30, 41–43.Google ScholarPubMed
Fagbemi, B.O., Aderibigbe, O.A. & Guobadia, E.E. (1997) The use of monoclonal antibody for the immunodiagnosis of Fasciola gigantica infection in cattle. Veterinary Parasitology, 69, 231–240.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fairweather, I. & Boray, J.C. (1999a) Fasciolicides: Efficacy, actions, resistance and its management. The Veterinary Journal 158, 81–112.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fairweather, I. & Boray, J.C. (1999b) Mechanisms of fasciolicide action and drug resistance in Fasciola hepatica . pp. 225–276 in Dalton, J.P. (Ed.) Fasciolosis. Wallingford, CABI Publishing.Google Scholar
Fairweather, I., McShane, D.D., Shaw, L., Ellison, S.E., O'Hagan, N.T., York, E.A., Trudgett, A. & Brennan, G.P. (2012) Development of an egg hatch assay for the diagnosis of triclabendazole resistance in Fasciola hepatica: proof of concept. Veterinary Parasitology 183, 249–259.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
FAO (1992) Distribution and impact of helminth diseases of livestock in developing countries. Rome, Italy, FAO Document Repository.Google Scholar
FAO (1993) The epidemiology of helminthes parasites. Available at http://www.fao.org/wairdocs/ILRI/x5492E/x5492e04.htm-2.5%20trematodes (accessed 20 April 2017).Google Scholar
Fashuyi, S.A. & Adeoye, G.O. (1986) The possible snail intermediate hosts of Dicrocoelium hospes in Nigeria. Acta Veterinaria Brno 55, 85–88.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Furst, T., Keiser, J. & Utzinger, J. (2012) Global burden of human food-borne trematodiasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Infectious Diseases 12, 210–221.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gboeloh, L.B. (2012) Seasonal prevalence of Fasciola gigantica in slaughtered cattle in major abattoirs in Port Harcourt. Advances in Agriculture, Sciences and Engineering Research 2, 336–340.Google Scholar
Gordon, D.K., Zadoks, R.N., Stevenson, H., Sargison, N.D. & Skuce, P.J. (2012) On farm evaluation of the coproantigen ELISA and coproantigen reduction test in Scottish sheep naturally infected with Fasciola hepatica . Veterinary Parasitology 187, 436–444.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Güralp, N. & Tinar, R. (1984) Trematodiasis in Turkey: comparative efficacy of triclabendazole and niclofolan against natural infections of Fasciola hepatica and F. gigantica in sheep. Journal of Helminthology 58, 113–116.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hambali, I.U., Adamu, N.B., Ahmed, M.I., Bokko, P., Mbaya, A.W., Tijjani, A.O., Biu, A.A., Jesse, F.F.A. & Ambali, A.G. (2016) Sero-prevalence of Schistosoma species in cattle in Maiduguri Metropolis and Jere Local Government Areas of Borno State, Nigeria. Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research 3, 56–61.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hammond, J.A. (1972) Infections with Fasciola spp in wildlife in Africa. Tropical Animal Health and Production 4, 1–13.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Haridy, F.M., Morsy, T.A., Ibrahim, B.B. & Abdel-Aziz, A. (2003) A preliminary study on dicrocoeliasis in Egypt, with a general review. Journal Egypt Society for Parasitology 33, 85–96.Google Scholar
Hillyer, G.V. (2005) Fasciola antigens as vaccines against fascioliasis and schistosomiasis. Journal of Helminthology 79, 241–247.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hopkins, D.R. (1992) Homing in on helminths. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 46, 626–634.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Horak, I.G. (1971) Paramphistomiasis of domestic ruminants. Advances in Parasitology 9, 33–72.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Howell, A., Mugisha, L., Davies, J., Lacourse, E.J., Claridge, J., Williams, D.J.L., Kelly-Hope, L., Betson, M., Kabatereine, N.B. & Stothard, J.R. (2012) Bovine fasciolosis at increasing altitudes: parasitological and malacological sampling on the slopes of Mount Elgon, Uganda. Parasites & Vectors 5, 196.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Huyse, T., Webster, B.L., Geldof, S., Stothard, J.R., Diaw, O.T., Polman, K. & Rollinson, D. (2009) Bidirectional introgressive hybridization between a cattle and human schistosome species. PLoS Pathogen 5, e1000571.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ibironke, A.A. & Fasina, F.O. (2010) Socio-economic implications of bovine liver rejection in a major abattoir in south-western Nigeria. Revista de Ciencias Agrarias 33, 211–216.Google Scholar
Ichikawa-Seki, M., Tokashiki, M., Opara, M.N., Iroh, G., Hayashi, K., Kumar, U.M. & Itagaki, T. (2017) Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of Fasciola gigantica from Nigeria. Parasitology International 66, 893–897.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ikeme, M.M. & Obioha, F. (1973) Fasciola gigantica infestations in trade cattle in Eastern Nigeria. Bulletin of Epizootic Diseases of Africa 21, 259–264.Google Scholar
Itagaki, T. & Tsutsumi, K. (1998) Triploid form of Fasciola in Japan: genetic relationships between Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica determined by ITS-2 sequence of nuclear rDNA. International Journal of Parasitology 28, 777–781.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Itagaki, T., Tsumagari, N., Tsutsumi, K.-I. & Chinone, S. (2003) Discrimination of three amphistome species by PCR-RFLP based on rDNA ITS2 markers. Journal of Veterinary Medical Science 65, 931–933.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jeandron, A., Rinaldi, L., Abdyldaieva, G., Usubalieva, J., Steinmann, P., Cringoli, G. & Utzinger, J. (2011) Human infections with Dicrocoelium dendriticum in Kyrgyzstan: the tip of the iceberg? Journal of Parasitology 97, 1170–1172.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jean-Richard, V., Crump, L., Abicho, A.A., Naré, N.B., Greter, H., Hattendorf, J., Schelling, E. & Zinsstag, J. (2014) Prevalence of Fasciola gigantica infection in slaughtered animals in southeastern Lake Chad area in relation to husbandry practices and seasonal water levels. BMC Veterinary Research 10, 81.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kamanja, I.T.G., Githigia, S.M., Muchemi, G.M. & Mwandawiro, C. (2011) A survey of Schistosoma bovis in cattle in Kwale district, Kenya. Bulletin of Animal Health and Production in Africa 59, 161–168.Google Scholar
Kaplan, R.M. (2001) Fasciola hepatica: a review of the economic impact in cattle and consideration for control. Veterinary Therapeutics 2, 40–50.Google ScholarPubMed
Kaset, C., Eursitthichai, V., Vichasri-Grams, S., Viyanant, V. & Grams, R. (2010) Rapid identification of Lymnaeid snails and their infection with Fasciola gigantica in Thailand. Experimental Parasitology 126, 482–488.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Keiser, J. & Utzinger, J. (2009) Food-borne trematodiases. Clinical Microbiology Reviews 22, 466–483.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kendall, S.B. (1965) The relationships between the species of Fasciola and their molluscan hosts. Advances in Parasitology 3, 59–98.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Keyyu, J.D., Monrad, J., Kyvsgaard, N.C. & Kassuku, A.A. (2005) Epidemiology of Fasciola gigantica and amphistomes in cattle on traditional, small scale dairy and large scale dairy farms in the southern highlands of Tanzania. Tropical Animal Health Production 37, 303–314.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Keyyu, J.D., Kassuku, A.A., Kyvsgaard, N.C. & Monrad, J. (2008) Comparative efficacy of anthelmintics against Fasciola gigantica and amphistomes in naturally infected cattle in Kilolo District, Tanzania. Tanzania Veterinary Journal 25, 40–47.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Khedri, J., Radfar, M.H., Borji, H. & Mirzaei, M. (2015) Prevalence and intensity of Paramphistomum spp. in cattle from South-Eastern Iran. Iran Journal of Parasitology 10, 268–272.Google ScholarPubMed
Kinoti, G.K. & Mumo, J.M. (1988) Spurious human infection with Schistosoma bovis . Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 82, 589–590.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lotfy, W.M., Brant, S.V., Dejong, R.J., Le, T.H., Demiaszkiewicz, A., Rajapakse, R.P., Perera, V.B., Laursen, J.R. & Loker, E.S. (2008) Evolutionary origins, diversification, and biogeography of liver flukes (Digenea, Fasciolidae). American Journal Tropical Medicine & Hygiene 79, 248–255.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lotfy, W.M., Brant, S.V., Ashmawy, K.I., Devkota, R., Mkoji, G.M. & Loker, E.S. (2010) A molecular approach for identification of paramphistomes from Africa and Asia. Veterinary Parasitology 174, 234–240.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lulie, B. & Guadu, T. (2014) Bovine schistosomiasis: A threat in public health perspective in Bahir Dar town, Northwest Ethiopia. Acta Parasitologica Globalis 5, 01–06.Google Scholar
Magaji, A., Ibrahim, K., Salihu, M.D., Saulawa, M.A., Mohammed, A.A. & Musawa, A.I. (2014) Prevalence of fascioliasis in cattle slaughtered in Sokoto Metropolitan Abattoir, Sokoto, Nigeria. Advances in Epidemiology 2014.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Malone, J.B. & Craig, T.M. (1990) Cattle liver flukes, risk assessment and control. Compendium on Continuing Education for Practising Veterinarians 12, 747–754.Google Scholar
Marcilla, A., Bargues, M.D. & Mas-Coma, S. (2002) A PCR-RFLP assay for the distinction between Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica . Molecular and Cellular Probes 16, 327–333.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Martínez-Pérez, J.M., Robles-Pérez, D., Rojo-Vázquez, F.A. & Martínez-Valladares, M. (2012) Comparison of three different techniques to diagnose Fasciola hepatica infection in experimentally and naturally infected sheep. Veterinary Parasitology 190, 80–86.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mas-Coma, S. & Bargues, M.D. (2009) Populations, hybrids and the systematic concepts of species and subspecies in Chagas disease triatomine vectors inferred from nuclear ribosomal and mitochondrial DNA. Acta Tropica 110, 112–136.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mas-Coma, M.S., Esteban, J.G. & Bargues, M.D. (1999) Epidemiology of human fasciolosis: a review and proposed new classification. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 77, 340–346.Google ScholarPubMed
Mas-Coma, S., Bargues, M.D. & Valero, M.A. (2005) Fascioliasis and other plant-borne trematode zoonoses. International Journal Parasitology 35, 1255–1278.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mas-Coma, S., Bargues, M.D. & Valero, M.A. (2006) Gastrodiscoidiasis, a plant-borne zoonotic disease caused by the intestinal amphistome fluke Gastrodiscoides hominis (Trematoda: Gastrodiscidae). Revista Ibérica de Parasitología 66, 75–81.Google Scholar
Mas-Coma, S., Valero, M.A. & Bargues, M.D. (2009) Fasciola, lymnaeids and human fascioliasis, with a global overview on disease transmission, epidemiology, evolutionary genetics, molecular epidemiology and control. Advances in Parasitology 69, 41–146.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mas-Coma, S., Bargues, M.D. & Valero, M.A. (2014) Diagnosis of human fascioliasis by stool and blood techniques: Update for the present global scenario. Parasitology 141, 1918–1946.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Massoud, A., Morsy, T.A. & Haridy, F.M. (2003) Treatment of Egyptian dicrocoeliasis in man and animals with Mirazid. Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology 33, 437–442.Google ScholarPubMed
McCauley, E.H., Majid, A.A. & Tayeb, A. (1984) Economic evaluation of the production impact of bovine schistosomiasis and vaccination in the Sudan. Preventive Veterinary Medicine 2, 735–754.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McCully, R.M. & Kruger, S.P. (1969) Observation on bilharziasis of domestic ruminants in South Africa. Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 36, 129–162.Google ScholarPubMed
Mitchell, G. (2002) Update on fasciolosis in cattle. In Practice 24, 378–385.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ndifon, G.T. & Ukoli, F.M.A. (1989) Ecology of freshwater snails in south-western Nigeria, I: distribution and habitat preferences. Hydrobiologia 171, 231–253.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ndifon, G.T., Betterton, C. & Rollinson, D. (1988) Schistosoma curassoni Brumpt, 1931 and S. bovis (Sonsino, 1876) in cattle in northern Nigeria. Journal of Helminthology 62, 33–34.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ngele, K.K. & Ibe, E. (2014) Prevalence of fasciolosis in cattle slaughtered at Eke market abattoir, Afikpo, Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Animal Research International 11, 1958–1963.Google Scholar
Ngwu, G.I., Ohaegbula, A.B.O. & Okafor, F.C. (2004) Prevalence of Fasciola gigantica, Cysticercus bovis and some other disease conditions of cattle slaughtered in Nsukka urban abattoir. Animal Research International 1, 7–11.Google Scholar
Njoku-Tony, R.F. (2011) Effects of some pysico-chemical parameters on abundance of intermediate snails of animal trematodes in Imo State, Nigeria 3, 15–21.Google Scholar
Nnabuife, H.E., Dakul, A.D., Dogo, G.I., Egwu, O.K., Weka, P.R., Ogo, I.N., Onovoh, E.O. & Obaloto, B.O. (2013) A study on helminthiasis of cattle herds in Kachia grazing reserve of Kaduna State, Nigeria. Veterinary World 6, 936–940.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Novobilsky, A., Averpil, H.B. & Hoglund, J. (2012) The field evaluation of albendazole and triclabendazole efficacy against Fasciola hepatica by coproantigen ELISA in naturally infected sheep. Veterinary Parasitology 190, 272–276.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nwigwe, J.O., Njoku, O.O., Odikamnoro, O.O. & Uhuo, A.C. (2013) Comparative study of intestinal helminths and protozoa of cattle and goats in Abakaliki metropolis of Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Advances in Applied Science Research 4, 223–227.Google Scholar
Nwosu, C.O. & Srivastava, G.C. (1993) Liver fluke infections in livestock in Borno State, Nigeria. Veterinary Quarterly 15, 182–183.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nzalawahe, J., Kassuku, A., Stothard, J., Coles, G. & Eisler, M. (2014) Trematode infections in cattle in Arumeru District, Tanzania are associated with irrigation. Parasites & Vectors 7, 107.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nzalawahe, J., Kassuku, A.A., Stothard, J.R., Coles, G.C. & Eisler, M.C. (2015) Associations between trematode infections in cattle and freshwater snails in highland and lowland areas of Iringa Rural District, Tanzania. Parasitology 142, 1430–1439.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Odigie, B.E. & Odigie, J.O. (2013) Fascioliasis in cattle: A survey of abattoirs in Egor, Ikpoba-Okha and Oredo Local Government Areas of Edo State, using histochemical techniques. International Journal of Basic, Applied and Innovative Research 2, 1–9.Google Scholar
Ogunrinade, A. & Adegoke, G.O. (1982) Bovine fascioliasis in Nigeria – intercurrent parasitic and bacterial infections. Tropical Animal Health and Production 14, 121–125.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ogunrinade, A. & Ogunrinade, B.I. (1980) Economic importance of bovine fascioliasis in Nigeria. Tropical Animal Health and Production 12, 155–160.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Okaiyeto, S.O., Salami, O.S., Danbirni, S.A., Allam, L. & Onoja, I.I. (2012) Clinical, gross and histopathological changes associated with chronic fasciolosis infection in a dairy farm. Journal of Veterinary Advances 2, 444–448.Google Scholar
Ollerenshaw, C.B. (1971) Some observation on the epidemiology of fasciolosis in relation to timing of molluscicide application in the control of the disease. Veterinary Records 88, 152–164.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Omowaye, S.O., Idachaba, O.S. & Falola, O.O. (2012) The prevalence of parasitic infections in bile of cattle slaughtered in Jos abattoir, Plateau State, Nigeria. Global Journal of Bio-science and Biotechnology 1, 121–123.Google Scholar
Omoleye, S.O., Qasim, A.M., Olugbon, A.S., Adu, O.A., Adam, Y.V. & Joachim, C.O. (2012) Fasciolosis in slaughtered cattle from abattoirs in Ondo State, Nigeria. Vom Journal of Veterinary Sciences 9, 47–53.Google Scholar
Ondriska, F., Sobota, K., Janosek, J. & Joklova, E. (1989) A rare case of human autochthonous dicrocoeliasis in Czechoslovakia. Bratislavske lekarske listy 90, 467–469.Google ScholarPubMed
Onyeabor, A. (2014) Prevalence of bovine fasciolosis observed in three major abattoirs in Abia State Nigeria. Journal of Veterinary Advances 4, 752–755.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Opara, K.N. (2005) Population dynamics of Fasciola gigantica in cattle slaughtered in Uyo, Nigeria. Tropical Animal Health and Production 37, 363–368.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Otranto, D. & Traversa, D. (2002) A review of dicrocoeliosis of ruminants including recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment. Veterinary Parasitology 107, 317–335.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Otranto, D. & Traversa, D. (2003) Dicrocoeliosis of ruminants: a little known fluke disease. Trends in Parasitology 19, 12–15.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Otranto, D., Rehbein, S., Weigl, S., Cantacessi, C., Parisi, A., Lia, R.P. & Olson, P.D. (2007) Morphological and molecular differentiation between Dicrocoelium dendriticum (Rudolphi, 1819) and Dicrocoelium chinensis (Sudarikov and Ryjikov, 1951) Tang and Tang, 1978 (Platyhelminthes: Digenea). Acta Tropica 104, 91–98.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pfukenyi, D.M., Monrad, J. & Mukaratirwa, S. (2005) Epidemiology of trematode infections in cattle in Zimbabwe: a review. Journal of the South African Veterinary Association 76, 9–17.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pfukenyi, D.M., Mukaratirwa, S., Willingham, A.L. & Monrad, J. (2006a) Epidemiological studies of Fasciola gigantica infections in cattle in the highveld and lowveld communal grazing areas of Zimbabwe. Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 73, 37–51.Google ScholarPubMed
Pfukenyi, D.M., Mukaratirwa, S., Willingham, A.L. & Monrad, J. (2006b) Epidemiological studies of Fasciola gigantica infections in cattle in the highveld and lowveld communal grazing areas of Zimbabwe. Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 73, 179–191.Google ScholarPubMed
Phiri, A.M., Phiri, I.K., Sikasunge, C.S. & Monrad, J. (2005a) Prevalence of fasciolosis in Zambian cattle observed at selected abattoirs with emphasis on age, sex and origin. Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series B – Infectious Diseases and Veterinary Public Health 52, 414–416.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Phiri, A.M., Phiri, I.K., Siziya, S., Sikasunge, C.S., Chembensofu, M. & Monrad, J. (2005b) Seasonal pattern of bovine fasciolosis in the Kafue and Zambezi catchment areas of Zambia. Veterinary Parasitology 134, 87–92.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pugh, R.N., Schillhorn Van Veen, T.W. & Tayo, M.A. (1980) Malumfashi Endemic Diseases Research Project XII. Schistosoma bovis and Fasciola . Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 74, 447–453.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Radostits, O.M., Gay, C.C., Blood, D.C. & Hinchcliff, K.W. (2000) Veterinary medicine: A textbook of diseases of cattle, sheep, goats, pigs and horses. 9th edn. Philadelphia, W.B. Saunders.Google Scholar
Raper, A.B. (1951) Schistosoma bovis infection in man. East African Medical Journal 28, 50–54.Google ScholarPubMed
Roche, P.J.L. (1948) Human dicrocoeliasis in Nigeria. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 41, 819–820.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rojo-Vázquez, F.A., Meana, A., Valcárcel, F. & Martínez-Valladares, M. (2012) Update on trematode infections in sheep. Veterinary Parasitology 189, 15–38.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rolfe, P.F. & Boray, J.C. (1987) Chemotherapy of paramphistomosis in cattle. Australian Veterinary Journal 64, 328–332.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rolfe, P.F., Boray, J.C., Nichols, P. & Collins, G.H. (1991) Epidemiology of paramphistomosis in cattle. International Journal for Parasitology 21, 813–819.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Samaila, M.O., Shehu, S.M., Abubakar, N., Mohammed, U. & Jabo, B. (2009) Human dicrocoeliasis presenting as a subcutaneous mass. BMJ Case Reports bcr0220091622.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sanabria, R., Ceballos, L., Moreno, L., Romero, J., Lanusse, C. & Alvarez, L. (2013) Identification of a field isolate of Fasciola hepatica resistant to albendazole and susceptible to triclabendazole. Veterinary Parasitology 193, 105–110.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sandoval, H., Manga-González, Y., Campo, R., García, P., Castro, J.M.A. & De La Vega, M.P. (1999) Preliminary study on genetic variability of Dicrocoelium dendriticum determined by random amplified polymorphic DNA. Parasitology International 48, 21–26.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Santoro, F. (1988) Schistosoma bovis in human stools in Republic of Niger. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 82, 257.Google Scholar
Savioli, L., Chistulo, L. & Montresor, A. (1999) New opportunities for the control of fasciolosis. Bulletin World Health Organization 77, 300.Google Scholar
Schillhorn van Veen, T.W. (1980) Fascioliasis (Fasciola gigantica) in West Africa: a review. Veterinary Bulletin 50, 529–533.Google Scholar
Schillhorn van Veen, T.W., Shonekan, R.A.O. & Fabiyi, J.P. (1975) A host–parasite checklist of helminth parasites of domestic animals in Northern Nigeria. Bulletin of Animal Health and Production in Africa 23, 269–288.Google Scholar
Schillhorn van Veen, T.W., Folaranmi, D.O.B., Usman, S. & Ishaya, T. (1980) Incidence of liver fluke infections (Fasciola gigantica and Dicrocoelium hospes) in ruminants in northern Nigeria. Tropical Animal Health and Production 12, 97–104.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sewell, M.M.H. (1966) The pathogenesis of fascioliasis. British Veterinary Association Annual Congress 78, 98–105.Google ScholarPubMed
Sisay, A. & Nibret, E. (2013) Prevalence and risk factors of bovine and ovine fasciolosis, and evaluation of direct sedimentation sensitivity method at Bahir-Dar Municipal Abattoir, Northern Ethiopia. Ethiopia Veterinary Journal 17, 1–17.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Soulsby, E.J.L. (1982) Helminths, arthropods and protozoa of domesticated animals. London, Baillière Tindall.Google Scholar
Spence, S.A., Fraser, G.C. & Chang, S. (1996) Responses in milk production to the control of gastrointestinal nematode and paramphistome parasites in dairy cattle. Australian Veterinary Journal 74, 456–459.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spithill, T.W., Smooker, P.M. & Copeman, D.B. (1999) Fasciola gigantica: epidemiology, immunology and molecular biology . pp. 465–525 in Dalton, J.P. (Ed.) Fasciolosis. Wallingford, CABI Publishing.Google Scholar
Stemmermann, G.N. (1953) Human infestation with Fasciola gigantica . American Journal of Pathology 29, 731–759.Google ScholarPubMed
Sugun, S.Y., Ehizibolo, D.O., Ogo, N.I., Timothy, S.Y. & Ngulukun, S.S. (2010) Prevalence of bovine fasciolosis in Bauchi State, Nigeria. Sahel Journal of Veterinary Science 9, 16–20.Google Scholar
Taylor, E.L. (1964) Fasciolasis and the liver fluke. Rome, Italy, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Agricultural Studies.Google Scholar
Taylor, M.A., Coop, R.L. & Wall, R.L. (2007) Veterinary parasitology. Somerset, New Jersey, USA, Blackwell Publishing.Google Scholar
Titi, A., Mekroud, A., Sedraoui, S., Vignoles, P. & Rondelaud, D. (2010) Prevalence and intensity of Paramphistomum daubneyi infections in cattle from north-eastern Algeria. Journal of Helminthology 84, 177–181.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Toledo, R., Esteban, J.G. & Fried, B. (2012) Current status of food-borne trematode infections. European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases 31, 1705–1718.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Toolan, D.P., Mitchell, G., Searle, K., Sheehan, M., Skuce, P.J. & Zadoks, R.N. (2015) Bovine and ovine rumen fluke in Ireland – prevalence, risk factors and species identity based on passive veterinary surveillance and abattoir findings. Veterinary Parasitology 212, 168–174.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Torgerson, P. & Claxton, J. (1999) Epidemiology and control. pp. 113–149 in Dalton, J.P. (Ed.) Fasciolosis. Wallingford, CABI Publishing.Google Scholar
Ulayi, B.M., Umaru-Sule, B. & Adamu, S. (2007) Prevalence of Dicrocoelium hospes and Fasciola gigantica infections in cattle at slaughter in Zaria, Nigeria. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances 6, 1112–1115.Google Scholar
Umar, A.G., Nwosu, C.O. & Philip, H.R. (2009) Seasonal prevalence and economic importance of bovine fascioliasis in Jalingo Abattoir, Taraba State, Nigeria. Nigerian Veterinary Journal 30, 44–50.Google Scholar
Velusamy, R., Singh, B.P. & Raina, O.K. (2004) Detection of Fasciola gigantica infection in snails by polymerase chain reaction. Veterinary Parasitology 120, 85–90.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vercruysse, J. & Gabriel, S. (2005) Immunity to schistosomiasis in animals, an update. Parasite Immunology 27, 289–295.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Walker, S.M., Makundi, A.E., Namuba, F.V., Kassuku, A.A., Keyyu, J., Hoey, E.M., Prodohl, P., Stothard, J.R. & Trudgett, A. (2008) The distribution of Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica within southern Tanzania – constraints associated with the intermediate host. Parasitology 135, 495–503.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wanyangu, S.W., Bain, R.K., Rugutt, M.K., Nginyi, J.M. & Mugambi, J.M. (1996) Anthelmintic resistance amongst sheep and goats in Kenya. Preventive Veterinary Medicine 25, 285–290.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Webster, B.L., Rollinson, D., Stothard, J.R. & Huyse, T. (2010) Rapid diagnostic multiplex PCR (RD-PCR) to discriminate Schistosoma haematobium and S. bovis . Journal of Helminthology 84, 107–114.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
WHO (1995) Control of foodborne trematode infections. WHO Technical Report Series. Geneva, Switzerland, World Health Organization.Google Scholar
Winkelhagen, A.J.S., Mank, T., De Vries, P.J. & Soetekouw, R. (2012) Apparent triclabendazole-resistant human Fasciola hepatica infection, the Netherlands. Emerging Infectious Diseases 18, 1028–1029.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wolfe, M.S. (1966) Spurious infection with Dicrocoelium hospes in Ghana. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 15, 180–182.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wright, C.A. (1971) Flukes and snails. London, George Allen and Unwin.Google Scholar
Yabe, J., Phiri, I.K., Phiri, A.M., Chembensofu, M., Dorny, P. & Vercruysse, J. (2008) Concurrent infections of Fasciola, Schistosoma and Amphistomum spp. in cattle from Kafue and Zambezi river basins of Zambia. Journal of Helminthology 82, 373–376.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yahaya, A. & Tyav, Y.B. (2014) A survey of gastrointestinal parasitic helminths of bovine slaughtered in abattoir, Wudil Local Government Area, Kano State, Nigeria. Greener Journal of Biological Sciences 4, 128–134.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yilma, J.M. & Mesfin, A. (2000) Dry season bovine fasciolosis in Northwestern part of Ethiopia. Revue de Medecine Veterinaire 6, 493–500.Google Scholar
Zintl, A., Garcia-Campos, A., Trudgett, A., Chryssafidis, A.L., Talavera-Arce, S., Fu, Y., Egan, S., Lawlor, A., Negredo, C., Brennan, G., Hanna, R.E., De Waal, T. & Mulcahy, G. (2014) Bovine paramphistomes in Ireland. Veterinary Parasitology 204, 199–208.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed