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The Constitutive Act of Demetrius' League of 303

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 December 2013

W. W. Tarn
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Extract

The important inscription from Epidaurus, published in Aug. 1921 by M. Cavvadias, raises many questions beside those dealt with in the very full commentary. Cavvadias attributes the document to 223 and the Achaean League. It is, I think, certain that it cannot belong to the Achaean League, and almost certain, as I hope to show, that it belongs to 303 and the revived League of Corinth of Demetrius I. The last few lines of the inscription have long been known (I.G. iv. 924), and have been exhaustively studied by A. Wilhelm, who placed the fragment which in I.G. is marked β; Cavvadias does not refer to Wilhelm's study, and unfortunately omits any mention of β from his restoration. The document contains no proper names.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Journal of Hellenic Studies , Volume 42 , Issue 2 , 1922 , pp. 198 - 206
Copyright
Copyright © The Society for the Promotion of Hellenic Studies 1922

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References

1 Cavvadias, P., ‘Η Ἀχαϊκὴ Συμπολιτιία κατ’ ἐπιγραφὰς ἐκ τῶν ἀνασκαφῶν Ἐπιδαύρου. Ἐφ. Ἀρχ. 1918, 115.Google Scholar The inscription in question is No. 3, p. 128; I shall also have to refer to Nos. 2 and 3 β.

2 Attische Urkunden, I. 1911, pp. 31–44. Cf. Wilcken, U., Beiträge zur Geschichte des korinthischen Bundes, Sitzungsb. Akad. Munich, 1917, Abh. 10, p. 37.Google Scholar

3 Details, etc., in Swoboda, Staatsaltertümer (in Hermann, Lehrbuch, 1913), p. 388Google Scholarseq. That Pausanias calls the σύνοδος συνέδριον is immaterial. Plutarch gives σύνεδροι once (Arat. 35), but Polybius never.

4 Ib. p. 381.

5 Ib. p. 410.

6 Polyb. 2, 54, 3. 4, 7, 1; 26, 7–8; 82, 7.

7 Polyb. 4, 25, 7; 84, 5. Cf. 2, 70, 4.

8 Ib. 4, 13, 6, ἐπεκύρωσαν; 4, 26, 2, τοῦ δόλματος κυρέντος. This shows that the inability to declare war of 4, 26, 2, constitutes only an exception to their powers.

9 Swoboda, pp. 393, 396.

10 Wilhelm, l.c. p. 47 (cf. Niese, 1, 38), contended that the phrase in Pseudo-Demosthenes denotes a special authority representing both Alexander and the synedri of the League of Corinth; while Kaerst, (Rhein. Mus. 52, 532Google Scholar; Gesch. des Hellenismus, l2, 529), followed by Wilcken, op. cit., interpreted it as meaning ‘das makedonische Königtum selbst und seine Organe.’

11 Ll. 13, 16, τῶν Βασιλέων; 1. 29, συμφερόντων τοῖς Βασιλεῦσιν.

12 Philip and Alexander: Syll. 3 283 and 261, and much literary evidence. Demetrius: Diod. 20, 46, 5; Plut. Dem. 25. Doson: Polyb. 4, 25, 5; 26, 2. 5, 28, 3; 102, 9; 103, 1.

13 Philip II: I.G. ii.2 1, 236. Demetrius: Plut. Dem. 25. Doson: Polyb. 2, 54, 4.

14 Doson's treaties with Eleutherna and Hieropytna; Wilhelm op. cit., with references. Unfortunately not in Dittenberger.

15 Diod. 20, 99, 1; 100, 5; and in particular, 20, 46, 5.

16 Ἐφ. Ἀρχ. 1887, 80, No. 2.

16a Certainly one cannot set up Eusebius' statement (Schoene, 1, 239, 240), that Philip after Doson's death against Doson's Sellasia dedication. It merely shows that Eusebius' source did not understand Doson's real position.

17 The evidence is collected in my Antigonos Gonatas, p. 433.

18 I.G. xi. 2, 146, A. 1. 76 (Lysixenos' year, 301, i. e. it refers to an event of 302); I.G. xi. 4, 566, 1. 10.

19 I.G. xi. 4, 1036, 1. 46, and 566, 1. 7; I.G. ii.2 1, 495, 555, 558, 560; Syll. 3, 347.

20 Beloch, 3, 2, 300.

21 Rhein. Mus. 52, 1897, pp. 526–529.

22 Polyb. 5, 2 seq.; 4, 29. 7.

23 Emphasised by Beloch, 3, 1, 737.

24 See the interesting study of the constitutive law of the League of Corinth given by Wilcken, op. cit.

25 Cf. I.G. ii.2 1, 236 (Philip II and League of Corinth): Also the proceedings of Philip V in the Social War with regard to the League troops.