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The Topography of Pelion and Magnesia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 December 2013

Alan J. B. Wace
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Extract

This paper gives the results of a journey of exploration undertaken in April, 1905, in the Magnesian peninsula by Mr. A. W. Van Buren of the American School at Rome and myself. The observations are in many cases incomplete, but every effort has been made to make them as perfect as time and means allowed. I would like to point out to archaeologists who are too often content only with a tour to Larissa, Tempe, the Metéora, and Phersala, that Thessaly is in many respects a terra incognita. That it amply repays exploration and excavation is shewn by the results obtained by Dr. Tsountas and Dr. Stais at Dhimini, Sesklo, and Marmariani. It is to be hoped that in future archaeologists will visit Thessaly more frequently and not be content with mere sight-seeing. I myself hope to return this year to study the Ossa district ; and it is possible that the British School at Athens will, if circumstances permit, excavate the temple site at Kato Georgi.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Journal of Hellenic Studies , Volume 26 , November 1906 , pp. 143 - 168
Copyright
Copyright © The Society for the Promotion of Hellenic Studies 1906

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References

1 He published in the Πανθεσσαλική of April 21st and 22nd (May 3rd and 4th), 1905, a brief account of part of our journey.

2 In the square brackets are given the names by which the works will be cited below. Other works of less importance are, Kretschmann, Rerum Magnesiarum Specimen; Tozer, Highlands of Turkey ii.; Ussing, , Griechische Reisen und Studien. For an account of the Magnesian Confederation see Daremberg-Saglio, v. pp. 837Google Scholarseqq.

3 Periplus, 65.

4 Nat. Hist. iv. c. 9, § 16.

5 Herodotus, vii. 193.

6 Strabo, ix. 436.

7 Iliad, ii. 712; Stephanus, s.n.

8 xliv. 13.

9 P. 144.

10 Δελτίον 1889, p. 92; Inscr. at Thanátu Παρμενίσκα Μενάνδρου Μελιβόοσσαi

11 Herodotus, vii. 113, 188, 191; Strabo, vii. 330, ix. 443; Pausanias, viii. 27. 14; Athenaeus, i. 30 D; Pliny, loc. cit.; Apollonius Rhodius, i. 580; Ptolemy, iii. 13, § 16; Pomponius Mela, ii. 3. 580; Georgiades, p. 137; Bursian, p. 100; Mézières, p. 210.

12 Herodotus, vii. 193, viii. 8; Strabo, ix. 436; Apollonius Rhodius, i. 591; Stephanus, s.n.; Leake, p. 243; Bursian, p. 101; Georgiades, p. 114.

13 Georgiades, p. 142.

14 Great Persian War, pp. 323 seqq.

15 The Greeks for instance ran from Artemisium towards Chalkis during the storm.

16 Pp. 136 seqq.

17 Strabo, iv. 443 (᾿Ερυμναί) Pliny, loc. cit.; Apollonius Rhod. i. 597; Valerius Fl. ii. 14. Coins, , Head, , Historia Num. p. 250Google Scholar.

18 Iliad, ii. 716; Strabo, ix. 436; Stephanus, s.n.; Pliny, loc. cit.

19 Herodotus, loc. cit.

20 Head, op. cit. p. 256; Wroth, , Num. Chron. 1900, p. 9Google Scholar, Pl. I. 7.

21 P. 138.

22 ix. 436.

23 Ath. Mitth. 1882, pp. 69 seqq. = Dittenbeiger, , Syll. 2790Google Scholar; Ath. Mitth, 1890, pp. 283 seqq. No. 27.

24 Ath. Mitth. 1882, pp. 69 seqq. = Dittenberger, , Syll. 2790Google Scholar.

25 Polybius, x. 42 = Livy, xxviii. 5.

26 ii. 7.

27 Iliad, ii. 717; Plutarch, , Themist. 8Google Scholar; Stephanus, s.n.; Strabo, ix. 436; Leake, p. 384; Mézières, p. 163; Bursian, p. 101; Georgiades, p. 110.

28 Polybius, x. 42 = Livy, xxviii. 5; Apollonius Rhodius, i. 568; Valerius Flaecus, loc. cit.; Leake, p. 397; Bursian, p. 100; Georgiades, p. 22.

29 Pliny, loc. cit.; Ptolemy, iii. 13, § 16; Leake, p. 397; Bursian, p. 101; Georgiades, p. 22.

30 Stephanus, s.n.; Pliny, loc. cit.; Leake, p. 384; Mézières, p. 169; Bursian, p. 101; Georgiades, p. 113.

31 Ath. Mitth. 1903, p. 438, 1. 22.

32 E.g. Nos. 105, 107 = Mon. Ant. Linc. viii. p. 64, Nos. 81. 84, 108 (Dedication to Heracles), and two unpublished inscriptions.

33 No. 125.

31 Demosthenes, , Olynth. i. 12, 15, ii. 20Google Scholar; Philip, ii. 71; Scholiast on Apollonius Rhodius, i. 580; Pausanias, vii. 7, 6; Demosthenes, (c. Neaeram, 1382)Google Scholar speaks of Magnesia as a district with Thessaly, Ionia, etc. Pausanias obviously means Demetrias. Perhaps Demetrias as the capital of the autonomous Magnetes had its name changed to Magnesia. Demosthenes clearly always considers Magnesia as a district. The scholiast on Apollonius has no authority: he is only a commentator; cf. Kretschmann, op. cit. p. 15; Mézières, p. 173; Bursian, p. 102.

35 Mézières, p. 177; Georgiades, p. 112.

36 For the plan compare the Basilica type shewn by the fourth church at Bin bir kilisse, Strzygowski, , Kleinasien, p. 58Google Scholar, Fig. 46.

37 Scylax, loc. cit.; Stephanus, s.n. Κορόπη; Mézières, p. 178; Bursian, p. 101; Georgiades, p. 114.

38 Ath. Mitth. 1882, p. 69 seqq. = Dittenberger, , Syll. 2790Google Scholar.

39 Iliad, ii. 716; Stephanus, s.n.; Strabo, ix. 436; Pliny, loc. cit.; Seylax, loc. cit.; Solinus, ed. Mommsen (1895), c. 8, § 7; Mézières, pp. 184, 187; Bursian, p. 102; Georgiades, p. 116.

40 Strabo, ix. 436; Leake, p. 379; Mézières, p. 188; Bursian, p. 102; Georgiades, p. 118.

41 Ath. Mitth. 1890, p. 303, No. 12. Perhaps we should read ἐν τῷ ἑερῷ τῆς ᾿Αφρο δίτης Νηλείας in the Kleitor, inscription Ath Mitth. 1881, p. 304 B, 1. 25)Google Scholar. Probably the coin with the inscription ᾿Αφροδίτη Μηλεία published by Imhoof-Blumer and attributed to Magnesia ad Maeandrum should read ᾿Αφροδίτη Νήλεια and belong to the Magnetes (v. Imhoof-Blumer, , Monn. Grecques, p. 292, 91)Google Scholar.

42 Ath. Mitth. 1905, pp. 221–244, Pl. IX.

43 Iliad, ii. 712; Odyssey, xi. 256; Apollodorus, i. 9, § 11; Pindar, , Nem. iv. 88Google Scholar; Herodotus, v. 94; Livy, xliv. 12, 13; Pliny, loc. cit.; Scylax, loc. cit.; Strabo, ix. 436, 438; Leake, p. 379; Mézières, p. 160; Ussing, op. cit. p. 97; Bursian, p. 103; Georgiades, pp. 124, 125.

44 Its distance from Demetrias agrees with Strabo's estimate of seven stades. In recent rebuilding operations within the Kastro at Volo, the only hill on a level and marshy coast, much bronze age and Mycenaean pottery has been found. This site was probably the port of Iolcus and Episkope its citadel.

45 These letters conceal the date, which is, if one may venture a guess, 7146, that is 1638 A.D.

46 Strabo, ix. 436, 438, xi. 503, 530; cf. Iliad, ii. 734; Leake, p. 433; Mézières, p. 193; Bursian, p. 103; Georgiades, p. 127.

47 Nos. 68, 69.

48 No. 67.

49 Pliny, iv. 8, 15; Pomponius Mela, ii. 3, § 6; Propertius, i. 20, 17; Demosthenes, , Ol. i. 11, 13Google Scholar; Diodorus, xvi. 3. 1; Scylax, 64; Strabo, ix. 436; Hesiod, , Scut. Her. 70Google Scholar; Apollonius Rhodius, i. 403; Hyginus, , Astron. ii. 37Google Scholar; Leake, p. 369; Ussing, op. cit. p. 103; Bursian, p. 69; Georgiades, p. 149; Dodwell, , Tour through Greece, ii. p. 87Google Scholar.

50 Iliad, ii. 712; Stephanus, s.n.; Leake, p. 432; Mézières, p. 193; Bursian, p. 103; Georgiades, p. 129.

51 Iliad, ii. 712; Strabo, ix. 436; Herodotus, vii. 129; Euripides, , Alc. 590Google Scholar; Pindar, , Pyth. iii. 34Google Scholar; Lucan, vii. 176; Propertius, ii. 2. 11; Leake, p. 428; Mézières, p. 197; Bursian, p. 63; Georgiades, pp. 129 seqq.

52 The name Εὔδημος is of course arbitrary, Προκλείδαςi would suit as well: for the type of the inscription and the name compare Kaibel, , 182 = I.G. ix. 1, 521Google Scholar; Solmsen, , Rhein. Mus. lix. p. 495Google Scholar; and also Ath. Mitth. 1896, p. 248; Kern, , Inscr. Thess. Antiquiss. Syll. p. 6Google Scholar; Solmsen, , Rhein. Mus. lviii, p. 611Google Scholarηυιός) For Εὐάντα cf. Εὐαντίδας Pausanias, x. 9. 10.

53 Early Aye of Greece, p. 566, Fig. 119.

54 Dicaearchus, apud F.H.G. ii. 262Google Scholar; Ath. Mitth. 1882, p. 69 seqq.; ibid. 1882, p. 335, 3; ibid. 1889, p. 53 = B.C.H. 1889, p. 271.

55 Wroth, , Num. Chron. 1900, p. 8Google Scholar, Pl. II. 1.

56 Imhoof-Blumer, , Monn. Greeques, p. 292, 91Google Scholar; for Aphrodite Neleia, , cf. Ath. Mitth. 1890, p. 303Google Scholar, 12, v. above, p. 153.

57 Imhoof-Blumer, , Griechische Münzen, p. 120, 312Google Scholar (Abhand. Bay. Akad. 1888–1890, p. 644).

58 Mionnet remarks on this coin, cette médaille avait été autrefois attribuée à la Magnésie de Thessalie; elle est ici à sa véritable place.

59 Löbbecke, , Z. f. N. xii. p. 319Google Scholar, Pl. XIII. 6 (Löbbecke reads Μηλεία but in the plate Νήλεια is quite elear); Imhoof-Blumer, , Griech. Münzen, p. 119Google Scholar; I am also informed that Mr. Talbot Ready had not long since a coin in good condition with a similar reverse inscription.