1 Robinson points out that the frequently cited figure of 500,000 deaths is a conservative estimate. Other estimates, including some articulated by senior members of the Indonesian armed forces who participated in the massacres, are considerably higher.

2 Discussed, for example, in Odd Westad, Arne, The global Cold War: Third World interventions and the making of our times, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007Google Scholar.

3 For instance, Pakistan and Egypt, with the Iranian Pasdaran as another possible analogue.

4 In a manner somewhat analogous to events in Korea, the USA became the patron of officers who had been Japanese clients. See Cumings, Bruce, The Korean War: a history, New York: Modern Library, 2011Google Scholar.

5 Preston, Paul, The Spanish holocaust: inquisition and extermination in twentieth-century Spain, New York: W.W. Norton, 2013Google Scholar.

6 See also Madley, Benjamin, An American genocide: The United States and the California Indian catastrophe, New Haven, Yale University Press, 2016Google Scholar.