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The viscosity-volume fraction relation for suspensions of rod-like particles by falling-ball rheometry

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 April 2006

William J. Milliken ,
Moshe Gottlieb ,
Alan L. Graham ,
Lisa A. Mondy  and
Robert L. Powell
William J. Milliken
Affiliation:
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
Moshe Gottlieb
Affiliation:
Department of Chemical Engineering, Ben Gurion University, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
Alan L. Graham
Affiliation:
Los Alamos National Laboratory, WX-4, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
Lisa A. Mondy
Affiliation:
Sandia National Laboratories, Div. 1511, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA
Robert L. Powell
Affiliation:
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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Abstract

The relative viscosities of suspensions of randomly oriented rods in a Newtonian fluid were measured using falling-ball rheometry. The rods were monodisperse and sufficiently large to render colloidal and Brownian forces negligible. Steel and brass ball bearings were dropped along the centreline of cylindrical columns containing the suspensions. The terminal velocities of the falling balls were measured and used to determine the average viscosities of the suspensions. The suspensions behaved as Newtonian fluids in that they were characterized by a constant viscosity. They exhibited a linear relative viscosity-volume fraction relationship for volume fractions less than 0.125, and, for volume fractions between 0.125 and 0.2315, the specific viscosity increased with the cube of the volume fraction. The relative viscosity was found to be independent of falling-ball size for a ratio of falling ball to fibre length greater than 0.3. It was found to be independent of the diameter of the containing cylindrical column for a ratio of column diameter to fibre length greater than 3.2. The value determined for the intrinsic viscosity is in good agreement with theoretical predictions for suspensions of randomly oriented rods.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 202 , May 1989 , pp. 217 - 232
Copyright
© 1989 Cambridge University Press

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