Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-j824f Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-19T09:50:51.880Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Velocity profile statistics in a turbulent boundary layer with slot-injected polymer

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 April 2006

A. A. Fontaine ,
H. L. Petrie  and
T. A. Brungart
A. A. Fontaine
Affiliation:
The Pennsylvania State University, Applied Research Laboratory. State College, PA 16804, USA
H. L. Petrie
Affiliation:
The Pennsylvania State University, Applied Research Laboratory. State College, PA 16804, USA
T. A. Brungart
Affiliation:
The Pennsylvania State University, Applied Research Laboratory. State College, PA 16804, USA
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The modification of a flat-plate turbulent boundary layer resulting from the injection of drag-reducing polymer solutions through a narrow inclined slot into the near-wall region of the flow has been studied. Two-component coincident laser-Doppler velocity profile measurements were taken with a free-stream velocity of 4.5 m/s with polymer injection, water injection, and no injection. Polyethylene oxide solutions at concentrations of 500 and 1025 w.p.p.m. were injected. These data are complemented by polymer concentration profile measurements that were taken using a laser-induced-fluorescence technique. Also, integrated skin friction measurements were made with a drag balance for a range of polymer injection conditions and free-stream velocities. The immediate effects of polymer injection are a deceleration of the flow near the wall, a dramatic decrease of the vertical r.m.s. velocit}’ fluctuation levels and the Reynolds shear stress levels, and a mean velocity profile approaching Virk's asymptotic condition. These effects relax substantially with increasing stream wise distance from the injection slot and become similar to the effects observed for dilute homogeneous polymer flows.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 238 , May 1992 , pp. 435 - 466
Copyright
© 1992 Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Antonia, R. A., Krishnamoorthy, L. V. & Fulachier, L. 1988 Correlation between the longitudinal velocity fluctuation and temperature fluctuation in the near-wall region of a turbulent boundary layer. Intl. J. Heat Mass Transfer 31, 723–730.Google Scholar
Berman, N. S. 1978 Drag reduction by polymers. Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech., 10, 47–64.Google Scholar
Brungart, T. A. 1990 A fluorescence technique for measurement of slot injected fluid concentration profiles in a turbulent boundary layer. Masters thesis, Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University.
Brungart, T. A., Harbison, W. L., Petrie, H. L. & Merkle, C. L. 1991 A fluorescence technique for measurement of slot injected fluid concentration profiles in a turbulent boundary layer. Exps Fluids 11, pp. 9–16.Google Scholar
Chang, S. & Blackwelder, R. F. 1990 Modification of large eddies in turbulent boundary layers. J. Fluid Mech. 213, 419–442.Google Scholar
Deutsch, S. & Zierke, W. C. 1986 The measurement of boundary layers on a compressor blade in cascade at high positive incidence angle. NASA Contractor Rep. 179492.Google Scholar
Fruman, D. H. & Tulin, M. P. 1976 Diffusion of a tangential drag reducing polymer injection of a flat plate at high Reynolds numbers. J. Ship Res. 20, 171–180.Google Scholar
Fruman, D. H. & Tulin, M. P. 1979 Effects of additive ejection on lifting hydrofoils Trans. ASME I: J. Fluids Engng 101, 244–250.Google Scholar
Granville, P. S. 1972 Maximum drag reduction for a flat plate in polymer solution J. Hydronaut. 6, 58–59.Google Scholar
Gyr, A. & Schmidt, W. 1989 Stabilization of sediment transport in pipes by drag reducing additives. In Drag Reduction in Fluid Flows (ed. R. Sellin & T. Moses), pp. 223–230. Ellis-Horwood.
Klebanoff, P. S. 1955 Characteristics of turbulence in a boundary layer with zero pressure gradient. NACA Rep. 1247.Google Scholar
Koochesfahani, M. M. & Dimotakis, P. E. 1985 Laser-induced fluorescence measurements of mixed fluid concentration in a liquid plane shear layer, AIAA J. 23, 1700–1707.Google Scholar
Latto, B. & El Reidy, K. F. 1976 Diffusion of polymer additives in a developing turbulent boundary layer. J. Hydronaut. 10, 135–139.Google Scholar
Latto, B., El Reidy, K. F. & Vlachopoulos, J. 1981 Effect of sampling rate on concentration measurements in nonhomogeneous dilute polymer solution flow. J. Rheol. 25, 583–590.Google Scholar
Lauchle, G. C., Billet, M. L. & Deutsch, S. 1989 High Reynolds number liquid flow measurement. In Frontiers in Experimental Fluid Mechanics (ed. M. Gad el Hak). Lecture Notes in Engineering, vol. pp. 95–157. Springer.
Luchik, T. S. & Tiederman, W. G. 1988 Turbulent structure in low-concentration drag-reducing channel flows. J. Fluid Mech. 190, 241–263.Google Scholar
McComb, W. D. & Rabie, L. H. 1982 Local drag reduction due to injection of polymer solutions into turbulent flow in a pipe. Part 1: Dependence on local polymer concentration; and Part 2: Laser Doppler Measurements of Turbulence Structure. A. AIChE, 28, 547–565.Google Scholar
Morkovin, M. V. 1965 On eddy diffusivity, quasisimilarity and chemical reactions in turbulent boundary layers. Intl J. Heat Mass Transfer 8, 129–145.Google Scholar
Petrie, H. L., Samimy, M. & Addy, A. L. 1988 Laser Doppler velocity bias in separated turbulent flows. Exps Fluids, 6, 80–88.Google Scholar
Poreh, M. & Cermak, J. E. 1964 Study of diffusion from a line source in a turbulent boundary layer. Intl J. Heat Mass Transfer 7, 1083–1095.Google Scholar
Purtell, L. P., Klebanoff, P. S. & Buckley, F. T. 1981 Turbulent boundary layer at low Reynolds numbers. Phys. Fluids 24, 802–811.Google Scholar
Reischman, M. M. & Tiederman, W. G. 1975 Laser Doppler anemometer measurements in dragreducing channel flows. J. Fluid Mech. 70, 369–392.Google Scholar
Sellin, R. H. J., Hoyt, J. W. & Scrivener, O. 1982a The effect of drag reducing additives on fluid flows and their industrial applications Part 1: Basic aspects. J. Hydraul. Res., 20, 29–68.Google Scholar
Sellin, R. H. J., Hoyt, J. W., Pollert, J. & Scrivener, O. 1982b The effect of drag reducing additives on fluid flows and their industrial applications Part 2: Applications and future proposals. J. Hydraulic Res. 20, 235–292.Google Scholar
Sommer, S. T. & Petrie, H. L. 1991 Concentration statistics of active and passive additives downstream of a line source in a LEBU modified turbulent boundary layer. In Laser Anemometry: Advances and Applications (ed. A. Dibbs and B. Ghorashi) (editors), vol. 2, pp. 473–481. ASME.
Tiederman, W. G., Luchik, T. S. & Bogard, D. G. 1985 Wall layer structure and drag reduction. J. Fluid Mech. 156, 419–437.Google Scholar
Toms, B. A. 1949 Some observations on the flow of linear polymer solutions through a straight tube at large Reynolds number. Proc. First Intl Congress on Rheology, vol. 11 Pt. 2, pp. 134–141. North-Holland.
Vdovin, A. V. & Smol'yokav, A. V. 1978 Diffusion of polymer solutions in a turbulent boundary layer. Zh. Prikl. Mekh. Tekh. Fiz. 2, 66–73 (transl. in UDC 532.526, pp. 196–201, Plenum).Google Scholar
Vdovin, A. V. & Smol'yokav, A. V. 1981 Turbulent diffusion of polymers in a boundary layer. Zh. Prikl. Mekh. Tekh. Fiz. 4, 98–104 (transl. in UDC 532.526 (1982) pp. 526–531. Plenum).Google Scholar
Virk, P. S., Mickley, H. S. & Smith, K. A. 1970 The ultimate asymptote and mean flow structures in Toms' phenomenon. Trans. ASME E: J. Appl. Mech. 37, 488–493.Google Scholar
Walker, D. T. & Tiederman, W. G. 1988 Turbulent structure and mass transport in a channel flow with polymer injection, Rep. PME-FM-22–2. Purdue University.Google Scholar
Walker, D. T. & Tiederman, W. G. 1989 The concentration field in a turbulent channel flow with polymer injection at the wall. Exps Fluids 8, 86–94.Google Scholar
Walker, D. T. & Tiederman, W. G. 1990 Turbulent structure in a channel flow with polymer injection at the wall. J. Fluid Mech. 218, 377–403.Google Scholar
Walker, D. T., Tiederman, W. G. & Luchik, T. S. 1986 Optimization of the injection process for drag reducing additives. Exps Fluids 4, 114–120.Google Scholar
Wei, T. & Willmarth, W. W. 1989 Reynolds-number effects on the structure of a turbulent channel flow. J. Fluid Mech. 204, 57–95.Google Scholar
Wetzel, J. M. & Ripken, J. F. 1970 Shear and diffusion in a large boundary layer injected with polymer solution. Project Rep. 114. St. Anthony Falls Hydraulic Laboratory, University of Minnesota.Google Scholar
White, A. & Hemmings, J. A. C. 1976 Drag Reduction by Additives: Review and Bibliography. Cranfield [Eng], BHRA Fluid Engng.
White, F. M. 1974 Viscous Fluid Flow, McGraw Hill.
Willmarth, W. W., Wei, T. & Lee, C. S. 1987 Laser anemometer measurements of Reynolds stress in a turbulent channel flow with drag reducing polymer additives, Phys. Fluids 30, 933–935.Google Scholar
Wu, J. & Tulin, M. P. 1972 Drag reduction by ejecting additive solutions into a pure water boundary layer. Trans. ASME D: J. Basic Engng 94, 749–755.Google Scholar