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Turbulent kinetic energy budget in compressible turbulent mixing layers: effects of large-scale structures

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 January 2025

Xiaoning Wang Open the ORCID record for Xiaoning Wang [Opens in a new window] ,
Jing Guo ,
Jianchun Wang Open the ORCID record for Jianchun Wang [Opens in a new window]  and
Shiyi Chen
Xiaoning Wang
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, PR China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Turbulence Research and Applications, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, PR China Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Data-Driven Fluid Mechanics and Engineering Applications, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
Jing Guo
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
Jianchun Wang*
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, PR China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Turbulence Research and Applications, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, PR China Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Data-Driven Fluid Mechanics and Engineering Applications, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
Shiyi Chen
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, PR China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Turbulence Research and Applications, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, PR China Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Data-Driven Fluid Mechanics and Engineering Applications, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, PR China Eastern Institute for Advanced Study, Eastern Institute of Technology, Ningbo 315200, PR China
*
†Email address for correspondence: [email protected]
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Abstract

Direct numerical simulations of temporally developing compressible mixing layers have been performed to investigate the effects of large-scale structures (LSSs) on turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) budgets at convective Mach numbers ranging from $M_c=0.2$ to $1.8$ and at Taylor Reynolds numbers up to 290. In the core region of mixing layers, the volume fraction of low-speed LSSs decreases linearly with respect to the vertical distance at a Mach-number-independent rate. The contributions of low-speed LSSs to TKE, and its budget, including production, dissipation, pressure-strain and spatial diffusion terms, are primarily concentrated in the upper region of mixing layer. The streamwise and vertical mass flux coupling terms mainly transport TKE downwards in low-speed LSSs, and their magnitudes are comparable to the other dominant terms. Near the edges of LSSs, the sources and losses of all three components of TKE are completely different to each other, and dominated by turbulent diffusion, pressure diffusion, pressure-strain and dissipation terms. The TKE, their total variation and dissipation are significantly amplified at edges of low-speed LSSs, especially at the upper edge. This observation supports the existence of amplitude modulation exerted by the LSSs onto the near-edge small-scale structures in mixing layers. The level of amplitude modulation is strongest for the vertical velocity, followed by the streamwise velocity, and weakest for the spanwise velocity. Additionally, the amplitude modulation effect decreases significantly with increasing convective Mach number. The results on the amplitude modulation effect is helpful for developing predictive models of budget terms of TKE in mixing layers.

JFM classification

Turbulent Flows: Compressible turbulence Turbulent Flows: Shear layer turbulence Turbulent Flows: Turbulence simulation
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 1003 , 25 January 2025 , A25
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press

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