Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-mlc7c Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-05T04:24:21.109Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Scale effects on cavitation inception in submerged water jets: a new look

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 April 2006

K. K. Ooi
K. K. Ooi
Affiliation:
ABLE Corporation, Anaheim, California 92806
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The present work is an investigation into the scale effects on cavitation inception in submerged water jets. Three scale effects were studied: (i) jet size, (ii) jet velocity and (iii) the nuclei population as a function of dissolved air content in the jet. Holography and schlieren photography were utilized to observe the flow. The results obtained in the present work were then used to illustrate the importance of previously overlooked flow variables in scaling cavitation inception data. An interesting finding of the present investigation was that the cavities at inception did not occur in the cores of the large vortex structures within the shear layer of the jets, as is commonly believed. A new parameter called the ‘probable cavitation occurrence’ parameter is also introduced in this paper. This parameter incorporates the effects of the nuclei number-density function and peak pressure fluctuations and it shows great promise in scaling cavitation-inception data.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 151 , February 1985 , pp. 367 - 390
Copyright
© 1985 Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Arndt R. E. A.1981 Cavitation in fluid machinery and hydraulic structures. Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech. 13, 273–328.Google Scholar
Arndt, R. E. A. & George W. K.1978 Pressure fields and cavitation in turbulent shear flows. Proc. 12th Symp. Naval Hydrodynamics, Washington, D.C., pp. 327–339.
Baker C. B., Holl, J. W. & Arndt R. E. A.1975 The influence of gas content and polyethylene oxide additive upon confined jet cavitation in water. Appl. Res. Lab., TM 75–274, Penn. State Univ.Google Scholar
Billet, M. & Gates E. M.1981 A comparison of two optical techniques for measuring cavitation nuclei. Trans. ASME I: J. Fluids Engng 103, 8–13.Google Scholar
Brown, G. L. & Roshko A.1974 On density effects and large structures in turbulent mixing layers. J. Fluid Mech. 64, 775–816.Google Scholar
Collier R. J., Burkhardt, C. B. & Lin L. H.1971 Optical Holography. Academic.
Davies, P. O. A. L. & Yule A. J.1975 Coherent structures in turbulence. J. Fluid Mech. 69, 513–537.Google Scholar
Fuchs H. V.1973 Resolution of turbulent jet pressure into azimuthal components. Advis. Group Aerosp. Res. and Dev. Conf. Proc., No. 131, Paper 27.
Gates E. M.1977 The influence of freestream turbulence, free stream nuclei populations and a drag-reducing polymer on cavitation inception on two axisymmetric bodies. Ph.D dissertation, California Institute of Technology.
Gates, E. M. & Acosta A. J.1978 Some effects of several freestream factors on cavitation inception of axisymmetric bodies. Proc. 12th Symp. Naval Hydrodynamics, Washington, D.C., pp. 86–108.
Gates E. M., Billet M. L., Katz J., Ooi K. K., Holl, J. W. & Acosta A. J.1979 Cavitation inception and nuclei distribution, joint ARL/CIT experiments. California Institute of Technology, Rep. E244.1.Google Scholar
Hussain, A. K. M. F. & Zedan M. F.1978 Effects of the initial condition of the axisymmetric free shear layer: effects of the initial momentum thickness. Phys. Fluids 21, 1100–1112.Google Scholar
Katz J.1979 Construction and calibration of an holograph camera designed for micro bubbles observation in cavitation research. CIT Engng Rep. 183–4.Google Scholar
Katz J.1981 Cavitation inception in separated flows. CIT Engng Rep. 183–5.Google Scholar
Keller A. P.1972 The influence of the cavitation nucleus spectrum on cavitation inception, investigated with a scattered light counting method. Trans. ASME D: J. Basic Engng 94, 917–925.Google Scholar
Knapp R. T., Daily, J. W. & Hammit F. G.1970 Cavitation. McGraw-Hill.
Konrad J. H.1976 An experimental investigation of mixing in two-dimensional turbulent shear flows with applications to diffusion-limited chemical reactions. Project Squid Tech. Rep. CIT-8-PU.Google Scholar
Lau J. C., Fischer, M. J. & Fuchs H. V.1972 The intrinsic structure of turbulent jets. J. Sound Vib. 22, 379–406.Google Scholar
Lienhard, J. H. & Stephenson J. M.1966 Temperature and scale effects upon cavitation and flashing in free and submerged jets. Trans. ASME D: J. Basic Engng 88, 525–532.Google Scholar
Michalke, A. & Fuchs H. V.1975 On turbulence and noise of an axisymmetric shear flow. J. Fluid Mech. 70, 179–205.Google Scholar
Ooi, K. K. & Katz J.1980 Flow visualization of cavitation in water jets and nuclei distribution measurements by holography. Cavitation and Polyphase Flow Forum, ASME Conf., New Orleans.Google Scholar
Ooi K. K.1981 Scale effects on cavitation inception in submerged jets. Ph.D. dissertation, California Institute of Technology.
Ooi, K. K. & Acosta A. J.1983 The utilization of specially tailored air bubbles as static pressure sensors in a jet. Mixing in Turbulent Flows Session, ASME Conf., Houston, Texas.Google Scholar
Perry, J. A. & Watmuff J. H.1981 The phase-averaged large scale structures in three-dimensional turbulent wakes. J. Fluid Mech. 103, 33–51.Google Scholar
Peterson F. B., Danel F., Keller, A. & Lecoffe Y.1975 Determination of bubble and particulate spectra and number density in a water tunnel with three optical techniques. Proc. 14th ITTC, Ottawa, vol. 2, pp. 27–52.
Sami S., Carmody, T. & Rouse H.1967 Jet diffusion in the region of flow establishment. J. Fluid Mech. 27, 231–252.Google Scholar
Winant, C. D. & Browand F. K.1974 Vortex pairing: mechanism of turbulent mixing layer growth at moderate Reynolds number J. Fluid Mech. 63, 237–255.Google Scholar