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Scalar mixing and reaction in plane liquid shear layers

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 April 2006

P. S. Karasso  and
M. G. Mungal
P. S. Karasso
Affiliation:
Mechanical Engineering Department, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305–3032, USA
M. G. Mungal
Affiliation:
Mechanical Engineering Department, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305–3032, USA
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Abstract

The scalar (concentration) field of two-dimensional liquid mixing layers was investigated at post-mixing-transition conditions. The planar laser-induced fluorescence technique was used for passive scalar measurements, and for chemical product measurements. Following the approach of Koochesfahani & Dimotakis (1986), the chemical product results were used to make resolution-free estimates of mixed-fluid quantities, thus providing a check on the accuracy of the passive scalar measurements. The operating conditions were systematically varied to study the effect of various parameters (Reynolds number, speed ratio, and initial boundary-layer momentum thickness) on the structure of the layer. At conditions which are just past the mixing transition, the study essentially duplicated the results obtained by Koochesfahani & Dimotakis: the chemical-product concentration profiles at high- and low-stoichio-metric ratios (flip experiments) were symmetric and the average concentration of mixed-fluid was uniform across the layer. However, when the layer was pushed to more fully developed conditions, its scalar field evolved to an asymptotic state: the two flip chemical-product concentration profiles developed modest asymmetries, and the average mixed-fluid concentration developed a small variation across the layer, but the change was less than that observed in gases. Based on the chemical reaction data, we infer that the mixture fraction probability density function (p.d.f.) for the fully-developed liquid layer evolves from a ‘non-marching’ type to a ‘tilted’ type. Despite the observed evolution, the average mixed-fluid concentration remained fixed for all the layers past the mixing transition, while the total mixed-fluid probability (the total amount of mixed fluid normalized by the layer's width) showed only a very slight increasing tendency as the layer reached fully developed conditions. The mixture fraction p.d.f., measured by the passive scalar approach, is shown and discussed for a broad range of cases. While it overpredicts the amount of mixing, it showed a qualitatively-correct ‘non-marching’ character initially, but evolved to a qualitatively-incorrect ‘marching’ character at the asymptotic state. The reasons for the poor estimation of the p.d.f. by the passive scalar approach, at fully developed conditions, are attributed to changes in the flow and lack of resolution and suggests caution when using such measures. Furthermore, the study also showed that the Reynolds number alone is inadequate to characterize the state of the layer. A different parameter (the ‘pairing parameter’), which accounts for the initial boundary layers and scales with the number of vortex mergings, was found to better explain the evolution in the structure of the scalar field.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 323 , 25 September 1996 , pp. 23 - 63
Copyright
© 1996 Cambridge University Press

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