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On the turbulence modelling of waves breaking on a vertical pile

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 December 2022

Yuzhu Li Open the ORCID record for Yuzhu Li [Opens in a new window]  and
David R. Fuhrman Open the ORCID record for David R. Fuhrman [Opens in a new window]
Yuzhu Li*
Affiliation:
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117576, Republic of Singapore Department of Mechanical Engineering, Section for Fluid Mechanics, Coastal and Maritime Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
David R. Fuhrman
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Section for Fluid Mechanics, Coastal and Maritime Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
*
†Email address for correspondence: [email protected]
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Abstract

Incipient wave breaking on a vertical circular pile is simulated with a Reynolds stress–$\omega$ turbulence model. Comparison of results simulated with a stabilized two-equation turbulence model, as well as no turbulence model, demonstrates that the breaking point and the peak force on a vertical cylinder due to incipient breaking should not be affected by the turbulence closure model, provided that it is stable and the simulations are converged. Notably, the present results show that the build-up to peak force induced by incipient wave breaking can be accurately predicted without any turbulence closure model. However, for the prediction of the secondary load cycle (SLC), proper turbulence modelling is required, as this process involves both turbulence production and lee-side flow separation. The Reynolds stress–$\omega$ model is demonstrated to predict the SLC more accurately than a stabilized two-equation $k$–$\omega$ turbulence model, as the flow separation points and vorticity field are better predicted. Some existing studies indicate that the generation of the SLC does not necessarily result from flow separation, but is rather due to the suction force. The present work finds that the occurrence and point of flow separation significantly affect the magnitude of the suction force, which hence affects the SLC prediction significantly. For waves breaking on a vertical pile, proper turbulence modelling is therefore essential for accurate SLC predictions. (In the above, $k$ is the turbulent kinetic energy density and $\omega$ is the specific dissipation rate.)

JFM classification

Turbulent Flows: Turbulence modelling Waves/Free-surface Flows: Wave breaking
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 953 , 25 December 2022 , A3
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press

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References

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