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Numerical investigation of nanofluid particle migration and convective heat transfer in microchannels using an Eulerian–Lagrangian approach

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 September 2019

Omar Z. Sharaf Open the ORCID record for Omar Z. Sharaf [Opens in a new window] ,
Ashraf N. Al-Khateeb Open the ORCID record for Ashraf N. Al-Khateeb [Opens in a new window] ,
Dimitrios C. Kyritsis Open the ORCID record for Dimitrios C. Kyritsis [Opens in a new window]  and
Eiyad Abu-Nada Open the ORCID record for Eiyad Abu-Nada [Opens in a new window]
Omar Z. Sharaf
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, UAE
Ashraf N. Al-Khateeb
Affiliation:
Department of Aerospace Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, UAE
Dimitrios C. Kyritsis
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, UAE
Eiyad Abu-Nada*
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, UAE
*
†Email address for correspondence: [email protected]
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Abstract

An Eulerian–Lagrangian modelling approach was employed in order to investigate the flow field, heat transfer and particle distribution in nanofluid flow in a parallel-plate microchannel, with a focus on relatively low Reynolds numbers ($Re\leqslant 100$). Momentum and thermal interactions between fluid and particle phases were accounted for using a transient two-way coupling algorithm implemented within an in-house code that tracked the simultaneous evolution of the carrier and particulate phases while considering timescale differences between the two phases. The inaccuracy of assuming a homogeneous particle distribution in modelling nanofluid flow in microchannels was established. In particular, shear rate and thermophoresis were found to play a key role in the lateral migration of nanoparticles and in the formation of particle depletion and accumulation regions in the vicinity of the channel walls. At low Reynolds numbers, nanoparticle distribution near the walls was observed to gradually flatten in the streamwise direction. On the other hand, for relatively higher Reynolds numbers, higher particle non-uniformities were observed in the vicinity of the channel walls. Furthermore, it was established that convective heat transfer between channel walls and the bulk fluid can either improve or deteriorate with the addition of nanoparticles, depending on whether the flow exceeded a critical Reynolds number of enhancement. It was also established that Brownian motion and thermophoresis had a major role in nanoparticle deposition on the channel walls. In particular, Brownian motion was the main deposition mechanism for nano-sized particles, whereas due to thermophoresis, nanoparticles were repelled away from channel walls. The result of the competition between the two is that deposition gradually increased along the streamwise direction.

JFM classification

Micro-/Nano-fluid dynamics: Microfluidics
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 878 , 10 November 2019 , pp. 62 - 97
Copyright
© 2019 Cambridge University Press 

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