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Gel-controlled droplet spreading

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 December 2017

M. Jalaal Open the ORCID record for M. Jalaal [Opens in a new window] ,
C. Seyfert ,
B. Stoeber  and
N. J. Balmforth Open the ORCID record for N. J. Balmforth [Opens in a new window]
M. Jalaal*
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6T 1Z4, BC, Canada
C. Seyfert
Affiliation:
Institute of Fluid Mechanics, Technical University of Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
B. Stoeber
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6T 1Z4, BC, Canada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6T 1Z4, BC, Canada
N. J. Balmforth
Affiliation:
Department of Mathematics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6T 1Z2, BC, Canada
*
†Email address for correspondence: [email protected]
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Abstract

Spreading and stationary droplets of a thermally responsive fluid on a heated surface are studied. The fluid undergoes a reversible gel formation at elevated temperature. The spatio-temporal pattern of gel formation within the droplet is examined using an experimental method based on spectral domain optical coherence tomography and time varying speckle patterns. Two stages of gel formation can be distinguished: first, a thin crust appears starting at the contact line. Second, a gel layer appears above the heated plate and then expands upward. We attribute the first stage of gel formation to solvent evaporation and heating through the air and the second to thermal conduction through the fluid from the base. Gel formation at the contact line is likely responsible for the arrest of spreading droplets, but was not detectable with our experimental protocol at the time of contact line arrest, suggesting that this arose over a microscopic length scale. Overall, substrate heating provides an effective way to control the final shape of droplets of thermo-responsive fluids.

JFM classification

Complex Fluids: Complex Fluids Drops and Bubbles: Drops Drops and Bubbles: Drops and Bubbles
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 837 , 25 February 2018 , pp. 115 - 128
Copyright
© 2017 Cambridge University Press 

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Jalaal et al. supplementary movie

Dynamic speckle patterns for solution (left) and gel (right) phases.

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