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Dynamics of a liquid lamella during vertical impact of a solid plate

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 March 2025

Nayoung Kim Open the ORCID record for Nayoung Kim [Opens in a new window] ,
Yee Li (Ellis) Fan Open the ORCID record for Yee Li (Ellis) Fan [Opens in a new window] ,
Hyungmin Park Open the ORCID record for Hyungmin Park [Opens in a new window]  and
Devaraj van der Meer Open the ORCID record for Devaraj van der Meer [Opens in a new window]
Nayoung Kim*
Affiliation:
Physics of Fluids Group, Max Planck Center Twente for Complex Fluid Dynamics, University of Twente, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands
Yee Li (Ellis) Fan
Affiliation:
Physics of Fluids Group, Max Planck Center Twente for Complex Fluid Dynamics, University of Twente, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands
Hyungmin Park
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea Institute of Advanced Machines and Design, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
Devaraj van der Meer*
Affiliation:
Physics of Fluids Group, Max Planck Center Twente for Complex Fluid Dynamics, University of Twente, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands
*
Corresponding authors: Nayoung Kim, [email protected]; Devaraj van der Meer, [email protected]
Corresponding authors: Nayoung Kim, [email protected]; Devaraj van der Meer, [email protected]
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Abstract

We study the dynamics of a thin liquid sheet that flows upwards along the sides of a vertically aligned, impacting plate. Upon impact of the vertical solid plate onto a liquid pool, the liquid film is ejected and subsequently continues to flow over the solid surface while the plate enters the water. With increasing impact velocity, the liquid film is observed to rise up faster and higher. We focus on the time evolution of the liquid film height and the thickness of its upper rim and discuss their dynamics in detail. Similar to findings in previous literature on sheet fragmentation during drop impact, we find the rim thickness to be governed by the local instantaneous capillary number based on gravity and the deceleration of the liquid sheet, showing that the retraction of the rim is primarily due to capillarity. In contrast, for the liquid film height, we demonstrate that the viscous dissipation in the thin boundary layer is the dominant factor for the vertical deceleration of the liquid sheet, by modelling the time evolution of the film height and showing that the influences of capillarity, gravity and deceleration due to the air phase are all negligible compared with the viscous term. Finally, we introduce characteristic viscous time and length scales based on the initial rim thickness and show that the maximum height of the film and the corresponding time can be determined from these viscous scales.

JFM classification

Interfacial Flows (free surface): Contact lines Interfacial Flows (free surface): Thin films Aerodynamics: Flow-structure interactions
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 1007 , 25 March 2025 , A69
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press

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Supplementary material: File

Kim et al. supplementary movie

The evolution of fingering patterns during the vertical impact of a solid plate at Uo = 1.3 m/s, with Do = 10 mm.
Download Kim et al. supplementary movie(File)
File 22.1 MB