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Drop impact entrapment of bubble rings

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 April 2013

M.-J. Thoraval ,
K. Takehara ,
T. G. Etoh  and
S. T. Thoroddsen
M.-J. Thoraval
Affiliation:
Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering and Clean Combustion Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
K. Takehara
Affiliation:
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Kinki University, Higashi-Osaka 577-8502, Japan
T. G. Etoh
Affiliation:
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Kinki University, Higashi-Osaka 577-8502, Japan
S. T. Thoroddsen*
Affiliation:
Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering and Clean Combustion Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
*
†Email address for correspondence: [email protected]
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Abstract

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We use ultra-high-speed video imaging to look at the initial contact of a drop impacting on a liquid layer. We observe experimentally the vortex street and the bubble-ring entrapments predicted numerically, for high impact velocities, by Thoraval et al. (Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 108, 2012, article 264506). These dynamics mainly occur within $50~\mathrm{\mu} \mathrm{s} $ after the first contact, requiring imaging at 1 million f.p.s. For a water drop impacting on a thin layer of water, the entrapment of isolated bubbles starts through azimuthal instability, which forms at low impact velocities, in the neck connecting the drop and pool. For Reynolds number $Re$ above ${\sim }12\hspace{0.167em} 000$, up to 10 partial bubble rings have been observed at the base of the ejecta, starting when the contact is ${\sim }20\hspace{0.167em} \% $ of the drop size. More regular bubble rings are observed for a pool of ethanol or methanol. The video imaging shows rotation around some of these air cylinders, which can temporarily delay their breakup into micro-bubbles. The different refractive index in the pool liquid reveals the destabilization of the vortices and the formation of streamwise vortices and intricate vortex tangles. Fine-scale axisymmetry is thereby destroyed. We show also that the shape of the drop has a strong influence on these dynamics.

JFM classification

Drops and Bubbles: Breakup/coalescence Drops and Bubbles: Drops and Bubbles
Type
Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 724 , 10 June 2013 , pp. 234 - 258
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BYCreative Common License - NCCreative Common License - SA
The online version of this article is published within an Open Access environment subject to the conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike licence . The written permission of Cambridge University Press must be obtained for commercial re-use.
Copyright
©2013 Cambridge University Press.

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