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Biglobal instabilities of compressible open-cavity flows

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 August 2017

Yiyang Sun Open the ORCID record for Yiyang Sun [Opens in a new window] ,
Kunihiko Taira Open the ORCID record for Kunihiko Taira [Opens in a new window] ,
Louis N. Cattafesta III  and
Lawrence S. Ukeiley
Yiyang Sun*
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA
Kunihiko Taira
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA
Louis N. Cattafesta III
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA
Lawrence S. Ukeiley
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
*
†Email address for correspondence: [email protected]
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Abstract

The stability characteristics of compressible spanwise-periodic open-cavity flows are investigated with direct numerical simulation (DNS) and biglobal stability analysis for rectangular cavities with aspect ratios of $L/D=2$ and 6. This study examines the behaviour of instabilities with respect to stable and unstable steady states in the laminar regime for subsonic as well as transonic conditions where compressibility plays an important role. It is observed that an increase in Mach number destabilizes the flow in the subsonic regime and stabilizes the flow in the transonic regime. Biglobal stability analysis for spanwise-periodic flows over rectangular cavities with large aspect ratio is closely examined in this study due to its importance in aerodynamic applications. Moreover, biglobal stability analysis is conducted to extract two-dimensional (2-D) and 3-D eigenmodes for prescribed spanwise wavelengths $\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}/D$ about the 2-D steady state. The properties of 2-D eigenmodes agree well with those observed in the 2-D nonlinear simulations. In the analysis of 3-D eigenmodes, it is found that an increase of Mach number stabilizes dominant 3-D eigenmodes. For a short cavity with $L/D=2$, the 3-D eigenmodes primarily stem from centrifugal instabilities. For a long cavity with $L/D=6$, other types of eigenmodes appear whose structures extend from the aft-region to the mid-region of the cavity, in addition to the centrifugal instability mode located in the rear part of the cavity. A selected number of 3-D DNS are performed at $M_{\infty }=0.6$ for cavities with $L/D=2$ and 6. For $L/D=2$, the properties of 3-D structures present in the 3-D nonlinear flow correspond closely to those obtained from linear stability analysis. However, for $L/D=6$, the 3-D eigenmodes cannot be clearly observed in the 3-D DNS due to the strong nonlinearity that develops over the length of the cavity. In addition, it is noted that three-dimensionality in the flow helps alleviate violent oscillations for the long cavity. The analysis performed in this paper can provide valuable insights for designing effective flow control strategies to suppress undesirable aerodynamic and pressure fluctuations in compressible open-cavity flows.

JFM classification

Compressible Flows: Compressible Flows Instability: Instability
Type
Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 826 , 10 September 2017 , pp. 270 - 301
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Copyright
© 2017 Cambridge University Press 

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