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An experimental study of transient effects in the breakup of viscous drops

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 April 2006

H. A. Stone ,
B. J. Bentley  and
L. G. Leal
H. A. Stone
Affiliation:
Chemical Engineering Department, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
B. J. Bentley
Affiliation:
Chemical Engineering Department, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA Current address: Bentley Systems, Inc., 180 Gordon Dr., Lionville, PA 19353, USA.
L. G. Leal
Affiliation:
Chemical Engineering Department, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
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Abstract

A computer-controlled four-roll mill is used to examine two transient modes of deformation of a liquid drop: elongation in a steady flow and interfacial-tension-driven motion which occurs after the flow is stopped abruptly. For modest extensions, drop breakup does not occur with the flow on, but may occur following cessation of the flow as a result of deterministic motions associated with internal pressure gradients established by capillary forces. These relaxation and breakup phenomena depend on the initial drop shape and the relative viscosities of the two fluids. Capillary-wave instabilities at the fluid-fluid interface are observed only for highly elongated drops. This study is a natural extension of G. I. Taylor's original studies of the deformation and burst of droplets in well-defined flow fields.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 173 , December 1986 , pp. 131 - 158
Copyright
© 1986 Cambridge University Press

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