Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-q99xh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-24T22:56:40.024Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Acoustic beaming and reflexion from wave-bearing surfaces

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 March 2006

D. G. Crighton
Affiliation:
Department of Mathematics, Imperial College, London

Abstract

The field radiated by an acoustic monopole in the presence of an infinite membrane, or plate, is studied, with emphasis on the case when fluid loading effects are small and when a free wave in the surface has supersonic phase speed relative to the fluid. Coupling between fluid and surface is then specified by a Mach angle θM and by a fluid loading parameter ε, with ε [Lt ] 1. Asymptotic expressions for the field are derived which are uniform in the observation angle θ, measured from the surface. Previous descriptions have suggested the formation of a strong two-dimensional beaming effect along the surface of the Mach cone θ = θM. Here it is shown that this effect is a spurious consequence of nonuniform asymptotics. A beam is indeed formed, and persists without attenuation or distortion to large distances k0R ∼ ε−2. However, the beam amplitude is small compared with that of the three-dimensional reflected field, while at distances k0R [Gt ] ε−2 only the reflected wave survives. Some interesting features of the reflexion coefficient and of the field near to the membrane are also discussed. In particular, it is shown that the pressure field generated by a subsonic surface wave is also confined to a conical zone, the transition across the generators of the cone being described by Fresnel functions of a familiar kind.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
© 1971 Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Clemmow, P. C. 1966 The Plane Wave Spectrum Representation of Electromagnetic Fields. Pergamon.
ErdÉlyi, A., Magnus, W., Oberhettinger, F. & Tricomi, F. G. 1954 Tables of Integral Transforms, vol. 2. Bateman Manuscript Project. McGraw-Hill.
Feit, D. 1966 Pressure radiated by a point-excited elastic plate J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 40, 1489.Google Scholar
Ffowcs Williams, J. E. 1965 Sound radiation from turbulent boundary layers formed on compliant surfaces J. Fluid Mech. 22, 347.Google Scholar
Jones, D. S. 1964 The Theory of Electromagnetism. Pergamon.
Lamb, G. L. 1957 On the transmission of a spherical sound wave through a stretched membrane J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 29, 1091.Google Scholar
Lowenthal, S. 1964 Étude théoretique et expérimentale de l'’nteraction entre une plaque élastique plane et son rayonnement acoustique Annales de Radioélectricté, 19, 183.Google Scholar
Marcuvitz, N. 1956 On field representations in terms of leaky modes or eigenmodes I.R.E. Trans. AP 4, 192.Google Scholar
Morse P. M. & Ingard, K. U. 1968 Theoretical acoustics. McGraw-Hill.
Tyras, G. 1969 Radiation and Propagation of Electromagnetic Waves. Academic.