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A two-phase flow description of the initiation of underwater granular avalanches

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 August 2009

MICKAËL PAILHA  and
OLIVIER POULIQUEN
MICKAËL PAILHA*
Affiliation:
Laboratoire IUSTI, UMR 6595 CNRS, Aix Marseille Université (UI, UII), 5 rue Enrico Fermi, 13465 Marseille cedex 13, France
OLIVIER POULIQUEN
Affiliation:
Laboratoire IUSTI, UMR 6595 CNRS, Aix Marseille Université (UI, UII), 5 rue Enrico Fermi, 13465 Marseille cedex 13, France
*
†Email address for correspondence: [email protected]
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Abstract

A theoretical model based on a depth-averaged version of two-phase flow equations is developed to describe the initiation of underwater granular avalanches. The rheology of the granular phase is based on a shear-rate-dependent critical state theory, which combines a critical state theory proposed by Roux & Radjai (1998), and a rheological model recently proposed for immersed granular flows. Using those phenomenological constitutive equations, the model is able to describe both the dilatancy effects experienced by the granular skeleton during the initial deformations and the rheology of wet granular media when the flow is fully developed. Numerical solutions of the two-phase flow model are computed in the case of a uniform layer of granular material fully immersed in a liquid and suddenly inclined from horizontal. The predictions are quantitatively compared with experiments by Pailha, Nicolas & Pouliquen (2008), who have studied the role of the initial volume fraction on the dynamics of underwater granular avalanches. Once the rheology is calibrated using steady-state regimes, the model correctly predicts the complex transient dynamics observed in the experiments and the crucial role of the initial volume fraction. Quantitative predictions are obtained for the triggering time of the avalanche, for the acceleration of the layer and for the pore pressure.

Type
Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 633 , 25 August 2009 , pp. 115 - 135
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2009

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