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Thermocapillary instability as a mechanism for film boiling collapse

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 August 2018

Eskil Aursand Open the ORCID record for Eskil Aursand [Opens in a new window] ,
Stephen H. Davis  and
Tor Ytrehus
Eskil Aursand*
Affiliation:
Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Kolbjørn Hejes v. 1B, Trondheim N-7491, Norway Department of Engineering Sciences and Applied Mathematics, McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
Stephen H. Davis
Affiliation:
Department of Engineering Sciences and Applied Mathematics, McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
Tor Ytrehus
Affiliation:
Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Kolbjørn Hejes v. 1B, Trondheim N-7491, Norway
*
†Email address for correspondence: [email protected]
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Abstract

We construct a model to investigate the interfacial stability of film boiling, and discover that instability of very thin vapour films and subsequent large interface superheating is only possible if thermocapillary instabilities are present. The model concerns horizontal saturated film boiling, and includes novel features such as non-equilibrium evaporation based on kinetic theory, thermocapillary and vapour thrust stresses and van der Waals interactions. From linear stability analysis applied to this model, we are led to suggest that vapour film collapse depends on a balance between thermocapillary instabilities and vapour thrust stabilization. This yields a purely theoretical prediction of the Leidenfrost temperature. Given that the evaporation coefficient is in the range 0.7–1.0, this model is consistent with the average Leidenfrost temperature of every fluid for which data could be found. With an evaporation coefficient of 0.85, the model can predict the Leidenfrost point within 10 % error for every fluid, including cryogens and liquid metals where existing models and correlations fail.

JFM classification

Low-Reynolds-number flows: Lubrication theory Drops and Bubbles: Thermocapillarity Interfacial Flows (free surface): Thin films
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 852 , 10 October 2018 , pp. 283 - 312
Copyright
© 2018 Cambridge University Press 

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