Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-s2hrs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-19T05:57:14.422Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Shear stresses developed during rapid shear of concentrated suspensions of large spherical particles between concentric cylinders

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 April 2006

Stuart B. Savage  and
Shawn Mckeown
Stuart B. Savage
Affiliation:
Department of Civil Engineering and Applied Mechanics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
Shawn Mckeown
Affiliation:
Department of Civil Engineering and Applied Mechanics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Experiments were performed on concentrated suspensions of large (0·97–1·78 mm mean diameters) neutrally buoyant spherical particles sheared in a concentric-cylinder Couette-flow apparatus in which the inner cylinder rotated while the outer one was fixed. The variations of shear stress with apparent shear rate, concentration, particle diameter and wall roughness were studied, and the results are compared with related experiments of Bagnold. Generally the shear stresses measured in the present experiments were larger than those of Bagnold. The difference can be attributed to differences in the experimental arrangements; Bagnold's flexible-walled inner cylinder was fixed while the outer cylinder rotated. A strong effect of wall roughness was observed. The higher stresses generated with rough walls imply that particle ‘slip’ may have occurred in the smooth wall tests. The larger stresses might also be due to an increase in strength of the interparticle collisions caused by the roughness. No dependence of stress upon particle diameter d was observed for concentrations of about 0·3, but a strong dependence (> d2) was found at the highest concentrations with the rough walls.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 127 , February 1983 , pp. 453 - 472
Copyright
© 1983 Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bagnold, R. A. 1954 Experiments on a gravity-free dispersion of large solid spheres in a Newtonian fluid under shear Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A225, 49–63.Google Scholar
Bagnold, R. A. 1966 The shearing and dilation of dry sand and the singing mechanism Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A295, 219–232.Google Scholar
Bilgen, E. & Boulos, R. 1973 Functional dependence of torque coefficients of coaxial cylinders on gap width and Reynolds number. Trans. A.S.M.E. I: J. Fluids Engng 95, 122–126.
Brown, R. L. & Richards, J. C. 1970 Principles of Powder Mechanics. Pergamon.
Cheng, D. C.-H. & Richmond, R. A. 1978 Some observations on the rheological behaviour of dense suspensions Rheol. Acta 17, 446–453.Google Scholar
Dexter, A. R. & Tanner, D. W. 1971 Packing density of ternary mixtures of spheres Nature, Phys. Sci. 230, 177–179.Google Scholar
Fenstermacher, P. R., Swinney, H. L. & Gollub, J. P. 1979 Dynamical instabilities and the transition to chaotic Taylor vortex flow J. Fluid Mech. 94, 103–128.Google Scholar
Finney, J. L. 1970 Random packings and the structure of simple liquids I. The geometry of random close packing.Proc. R. Soc. Lond A 319, 479–493.
Gadala-Maria, F. 1979 The rheology of concentrated suspensions. Ph.D. dissertation, Stanford University.
Jeffrey, D. J. & Acrivos, A. 1976 The rheological properties of suspensions of rigid particles Am. Inst. Chem. Engng J. 22, 417–432.Google Scholar
Jenkins, J. T. & Savage, S. B. 1982 A theory for the rapid flow of identical, smooth, nearly elastic spherical particles. Submitted to J. Fluid Mech.Google Scholar
Lun, C., Savage, S. B. & Jeffrey, D. J. 1983 The stresses developed during the simple shear of a granular material comprised of smooth, uniform inelastic spherical particles. (In preparation.)
Reynolds, W. C. 1976 Computation of turbulent flows Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech. 8, 183–208.Google Scholar
Savage, S. B. 1978 Experiments on shear flows of cohesionless granular materials. In Proc. U.S.–Japan Seminar on Continuum-Mechanical and Statistical Approaches in the Mechanics of Granular Materials, Sendai, Japan, 5–9 June, 1978 (ed. S. C. Cowin & M. Satake), pp. 241–254. Tokyo: Gakujutsu Bunken Fukyukai.
Savage, S. B. 1979 Gravity flow of cohesionless granular materials in chutes and channels J. Fluid Mech. 92, 53–96.Google Scholar
Savage, S. B. 1982a Granular flows at high shear rates. In Theory of Dispersed Multiphase Flow (ed. R. E. Meyer). Academic.
Savage, S. B. 1982b Granular flows down rough inclines. In Proc. U.S.–Japan Seminar on New Models and Constitutive Relations in the Mechanics of Granular Materials, Cornell Univ., Ithaca, N.Y. (ed. J. T. Jenkins & M. Satake). Elsevier.
Savage, S. B. & Jeffrey, D. J. 1981 The stress tensor in a granular flow at high shear rates J. Fluid Mech. 110, 255–272.Google Scholar
Shen, H. & Ackermann, N. L. 1982 Constitutive relationships for fluid–solid mixtures J. Engng Mech. Div. A.S.C.E. 108, 748–763.Google Scholar
Scott, G. D. 1960 Packing of equal spheres Nature 188, 908–909.Google Scholar
Taylor, G. I. 1936 Fluid friction between rotating cylinders. Part I. Torque measurements Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A157, 546–564.Google Scholar