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Reconstruction of the 3-D fields with a depth-averaged model for open-channel flows in the smooth turbulent case

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 January 2023

G.L. Richard Open the ORCID record for G.L. Richard [Opens in a new window] ,
F. Couderc Open the ORCID record for F. Couderc [Opens in a new window]  and
J.P. Vila
G.L. Richard*
Affiliation:
Université Grenoble Alpes, INRAE, UR ETNA, 38000 Grenoble, France
F. Couderc
Affiliation:
Institut de Mathématiques de Toulouse, UMR5219, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INSA, F-31077 Toulouse, France
J.P. Vila
Affiliation:
Institut de Mathématiques de Toulouse, UMR5219, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INSA, F-31077 Toulouse, France
*
†Email address for correspondence: [email protected]
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Abstract

A two-dimensional depth-averaged model is derived for open-channel flows in the smooth turbulent case. The derivation is consistently obtained with a method of matched asymptotic expansions in the outer and inner layers using a mixing length model of turbulence including the free-surface reduction of the eddy viscosity. The shear effects are taken into account by an extra tensor variable of the model called the enstrophy tensor. The friction coefficient is an explicit expression of the water depth. The three-dimensional velocity field and the friction velocity can be reconstructed from the values of the depth-averaged quantities. Numerical simulations show that the enstrophy can be used to evaluate the development of the turbulent boundary layer. In the case of subcritical unsteady flows, the reconstructed velocity can be described with a logarithmic law modified by Coles’ wake function with apparent von Kármán constant, integration constant and wake-strength parameter, which differ from their values in steady flows. In the viscous sublayer the steady-state relation between the velocity and the vertical coordinate, in the inner scaling, is not valid for unsteady flows. Large errors on the calculation of the von Kármán constant can be made if the validity of the steady-state relation is assumed for unsteady flows. The comparisons of the reconstructed velocity profiles in the case of one-dimensional unsteady open-channel flows and two-dimensional wide trapezoidal channels show a good agreement with experiments.

JFM classification

Geophysical and Geological Flows: Shallow water flows Waves/Free-surface Flows: Channel flow Waves/Free-surface Flows: Hydraulics
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 954 , 10 January 2023 , A24
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press

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