Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-gb8f7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-29T19:08:21.820Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Mechanisms of evolution of the propeller wake in the transition and far fields

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2011

M. FELLI ,
R. CAMUSSI  and
F. DI FELICE
M. FELLI*
Affiliation:
CNR-INSEAN, Italian Ship Model Basin, Via di Vallerano 139, 00128 Rome, Italy
R. CAMUSSI
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica e Industriale, Universit'a Roma Tre, Via della Vasca Navale 79, 00146, Italy
F. DI FELICE
Affiliation:
CNR-INSEAN, Italian Ship Model Basin, Via di Vallerano 139, 00128 Rome, Italy
*
†Email address for correspondence: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

In the present study the mechanisms of evolution of propeller tip and hub vortices in the transitional region and the far field are investigated experimentally. The experiments involved detailed time-resolved visualizations and velocimetry measurements and were aimed at examining the effect of the spiral-to-spiral distance on the mechanisms of wake evolution and instability transition. In this regard, three propellers having the same blade geometry but different number of blades were considered. The study outlined dependence of the wake instability on the spiral-to-spiral distance and, in particular, a streamwise displacement of the transition region at the increasing inter-spiral distance. Furthermore, a multi-step grouping mechanism among tip vortices was highlighted and discussed. It is shown that such a phenomenon is driven by the mutual inductance between adjacent spirals whose characteristics change by changing the number of blades.

JFM classification

Vortex Flows: Vortex breakdown Vortex Flows: Vortex dynamics Vortex Flows: Vortex instability
Type
Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 682 , 10 September 2011 , pp. 5 - 53
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2011

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Bensow, R. E., Liefvendahl, M. & Wikstrom, N. 2006 Propeller near wake analysis using LES with rotating mesh. In 26th Symposium on Naval Hydrodynamics, Rome, Italy.Google Scholar
Bergé, P., Pomeau, Y. & Vidal, C. 1984 Order within Chaos. Wiley.Google Scholar
Cenedese, A., Accardo, L. & Milone, R. 1985 Phase sampling in the analysis of a propeller wake. Exp Fluids 6, 55–60.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chesnakas, C. & Jessup, S. 1998 Experimental characterization of propeller tip flow. In Proc. 22nd Symposium on Naval Hydrodynamics, Washington.Google Scholar
Conlisk, A. T. 1997 Modern helicopter aerodynamics. Annu. Rev. Fluid. Mech. 29, 515–567.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Di Felice, F., Di Florio, D., Felli, M. & Romano, G. P. 2004 Experimental investigation of the propeller wake at different loading conditions by particle image velocimetry. J. Ship Res. 48 (2), 168–190.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Felli, M. & Di Felice, F. 2005 Propeller wake analysis in non-uniform inflow by LDV phase sampling techniques. J Mar. Sci. Technol. 10, 159–172.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Felli, M., Di Felice, F., Guj, G. & Camussi, R. 2006 Analysis of the propeller wake evolution by pressure and velocity phase measurements. Exp. Fluids 1, 1–11.Google Scholar
Felli, M., Falchi, M., Fornari, P. & Pereira, F. 2008 a PIV measurements on an impinging swirl jet in a large cavitation tunnel. In 14th Intl Symposium on Applications of Laser Techniques to Fluid Mechanics, Lisbon, Portugal.Google Scholar
Felli, M., Guj, G. & Camussi, R. 2008 b Effect of the number of blades on propeller wake evolution. Exp. Fluids 44, 409–418.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Froude, R. E. 1989 On the part played in propulsion by differences in fluid pressure. Trans. Inst. Naval Architects 30, 390–405.Google Scholar
Gaster, M. & Roberts, J. B. 1977 The spectral analysis of randomly sampled records by a direct transform. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A 354, 27–58.Google Scholar
Glauert, H. 1927. A general theory of the autogyro. Aeronautical Research Council, R&M N.1132.Google Scholar
Goldstein, S. 1929 On the vortex theory of screw propellers. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A 123, 440–465.Google Scholar
Greco, L., Salvatore, F. & Di Felice, F. 2004 Validation of a quasi-potential flow model for the analysis of marine propellers wake. In Proc. 25th Symposium on Naval Hydrodynamics, St John's, Newfoundland, Canada.Google Scholar
Gupta, B. P. & Loewy, R. G. 1974 Theoretical analysis of the aerodynamic stability of multiple, interdigitated helical vortices. AIAA J. 12, 1381–1387.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hilborn, R. C. 2000 Chaos and Nonlinear Dynamics. Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hyun, B. S. & Patel, V. C. 1991 Measurements in the flow around a marine propeller at the stern of an axisymmetric body. Exp. Fluids 11, 105–117.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jessup, S. D. 1989 An experimental investigation of viscous aspects. of propeller blade flow. PhD thesis, School of Engineering and Architecture, Catholic University of America.Google Scholar
Joukowski, N. E. 1912 Vortex theory of a rowing screw. Trudy Otdeleniya Fizicheskikh Nauk Obshchestva Lubitelei Estestvoznaniya. 16, 1 (in Russian).Google Scholar
Kerwin, J. E. 1986 Marine propellers. Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 18, 367–403.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Klein, R., Majda, A. J. & Damodaran, K. 1995 Simplified equations for the interaction of nearly parallel vortex filaments. J. Fluid Mech. 288, 201–248.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kobayashi, S. 1982 Propeller wake survey by laser Doppler velocimeter. In Proc. Intl Symposium on the Application of Laser-Doppler Anemometry to Fluid Mechanics, Lisbon.Google Scholar
Landgrebe, A. J. 1972 The wake geometry of a hovering rotor and its influence on rotor performance. J. Am. Hel. Soc. 17 (4), 3–15.Google Scholar
Leishman, J. G. 1998 Challenges in understanding the vortex dynamics of helicopter rotor wakes. AIAA J. 36 (7), 1130–1140.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Levy, H. & Forsdyke, A. G. 1928 The steady motion and stability of a helical vortex. Proc. Roc. Soc. Lond. A 120, 670–690.Google Scholar
Liefvendahl, M., Felli, M. & Troëng, C. 2010 Investigation of wake dynamics of a submarine propeller. In Proc. 28th Symposium on Naval Hydrodynamics, Pasadena.Google Scholar
Lugt, H. J. 1996 Introduction to Vortex Theory. Vortex Flow Press.Google Scholar
Magler, K. W. & Squire, H. B. 1953 The induced velocity field of a rotor. Aeronautical Research Council, R&M N.2642.Google Scholar
Miller, N., Tang, J. C. & Perlmutter, A. A. 1968. Theoretical and experimental investigation of the instantaneous induced velocity field in the wake of a lifting rotor. USAAVLABS Tech. Rep. 67–68.Google Scholar
Okulov, V. L. 2004. On the stability of multiple helical vortices. J. Fluid Mech. 521, 319–342.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Okulov, V. L. & Sørensen, J. N. 2007 Stability of helical tip vortices in rotor far wake. J. Fluid Mech. 576, 1–25.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Okulov, V. L. & Sørensen, J. N. 2010 Applications of 2D helical vortex dynamics. Theor. Comput. Fluid Dyn. 24, 395–401.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ortega, J. M. 2001. Instability of helical vortices in a propeller wake. In 54th Annual Meeting of the Division of Fluid Dynamics, American Physical Society, San Diego, CA.Google Scholar
Ortega, J. M., Bristol, R. L. & Savaş, Ö. 2003 Experimental study of the instability of unequal-strength counter-rotating vortex pair. J. Fluid Mech. 474, 35–84.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pereira, F., Salvatore, F. & Di Felice, F. 2004 a Measurement and modelling of propeller cavitation in uniform inflow. J. Fluids Engng 126, 671–679.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pereira, F., Salvatore, F., Di Felice, F. & Soave, M. 2004 b Experimental investigation of a cavitating propeller in non-uniform inflow. In Proc. 25th Symposium on Naval Hydrodynamics, St John's, Newfoundland, Canada.Google Scholar
Pizali, R. A. & Duwaldt, F. A. 1962 Computation of rotary wing harmonic airloads and comparison with experimental results. In Proc. 18th Annual Forum, American Helicopter Society.Google Scholar
Propulsion Committee of the 23rd ITTC Conference 2002 Final Report and Recommendations to the 23rd ITTC. Venice, Italy.Google Scholar
Rankine, W. J. 1865 On the mechanical principles of the action of propellers. Trans. Inst. Naval Arch. 6, 13–30.Google Scholar
Ricca, R. L. 1994 The effect of torsion on the motion of a helical vortex filament. J. Fluid Mech. 273, 241–259.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rosenstein, M. T., Collins, J. J. & De Luca, A. J. 1993 A practical method for calculating largest Lyapunov exponents from small data sets. Physica D 65, 117–134.Google Scholar
Saffman, P. G. 1970 The velocity of viscous vortex rings. Stud. Appl. Math. 49, 371–380.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Salvatore, F., Pereira, F., Felli, M., Calcagni, D. & Di Felice, F. 2006 Description of the INSEAN E779A propeller experimental dataset. INSEAN Tech. Rep. 2006-085.Google Scholar
Salvatore, F., Testa, C. & Greco, L. 2003 A viscous/inviscid coupled formulation for unsteady sheet cavitation modelling of marine propellers. In Proc. CAV 2003 Symposium, Osaka, Japan.Google Scholar
Sarpkaya, T. 1971 On stationary and travelling vortex breakdowns. J. Fluid Mech. 45, 545–559.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stella, A., Guj, G., Di Felice, F. & Elefante, M. 2000. Experimental investigation of propeller wake evolution by means of LDV and flow visualizations. J. Ship Res. 44 (3), 155–169.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Takens, F. 1981. Detecting strange attractors in turbulence. In Lecture Notes in Mathematics, vol. 898, pp. 366–381. Springer-Verlag.Google Scholar
Vermeer, L. J., Sorensen, J. N. & Crespo, A. 2003 Wind turbine wake aerodynamics. Prog. Aerosp. Sci. 39, 467–510.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Widnall, S. E. 1972 The stability of helical vortex filament. J. Fluid Mech. 54, 641–663.CrossRefGoogle Scholar