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Effects of an axisymmetric contraction on a turbulent pipe flow

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 October 2011

Seong Jae Jang ,
Hyung Jin Sung  and
Per-Åge Krogstad
Seong Jae Jang
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-701, Korea
Hyung Jin Sung*
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-701, Korea
Per-Åge Krogstad
Affiliation:
Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491, Trondheim, Norway
*
†Email address for correspondence: [email protected]
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Abstract

The flow in an axisymmetric contraction fitted to a fully developed pipe flow is experimentally and numerically studied. The reduction in turbulence intensity in the core region of the flow is discussed on the basis of the budgets for the various turbulent stresses as they develop downstream. The contraction generates a corresponding increase in energy in the near-wall region, where the sources for energy production are quite different and of opposite sign compared to the core region, where these effects are caused primarily by vortex stretching. The vortices in the pipe become aligned with the flow as the stretching develops through the contraction. Vortices which originally have a spanwise component in the pipe are stretched into pairs of counter-rotating vortices which become disconnected and aligned with the mean flow. The structures originating in the pipe which are inclined at an angle with respect to the wall are rotated towards the local mean streamlines. In the very near-wall region and the central part of the contraction the flow tends towards two-component turbulence, but these structures are different. The streamwise and azimuthal stresses are dominant in the near-wall region, while the lateral components dominate in the central part of the flow. The two regions are separated by a rather thin region where the flow is almost isotropic.

JFM classification

Boundary Layers: Pipe flow boundary layer Turbulent Flows: Shear layer turbulence Vortex Flows: Vortex interactions
Type
Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 687 , 25 November 2011 , pp. 376 - 403
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2011

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