Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-g8jcs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-20T08:50:21.906Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Buoyancy effects upon lateral dispersion in open-channel flow

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 April 2006

Ronald Smith
Ronald Smith
Affiliation:
Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

A model equation is derived for the combined longitudinal and lateral dispersion of a buoyant contaminant in open-channel flow. The central hypotheses are that the water is shallow and that to a first approximation the effluent is vertically well mixed. The model includes allowance for the reduction in turbulent intensity due to weak vertical stratification, a buoyancy-driven secondary flow, and the redistribution of longitudinal momentum by the secondary flow. For a plume the theoretical results for the excess spreading due to buoyancy agree well with Prych's (1970) experimental results.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 90 , Issue 4 , 27 February 1979 , pp. 761 - 779
Copyright
© 1979 Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abraham, G. 1976 Methodologies for temperature impact assessment. European Course on Heat Disposal from Power Generation in the Water Environment, chap. 3. Delft Hydraulics Lab.
Barton, N. G. 1976 The dispersion of a buoyant solute in laminar flow in a straight horizontal pipe. Part 1. Predictions from Erdogan & Chatwin's (1967) paper. J. Fluid Mech. 74, 81–89.Google Scholar
Breusers, H. N. C. (ed.) 1974 Momentum and mass transfer in stratified flows. Delft Hydraul. Lab. Rep. no. 880.
Elder, J. W. 1959 The dispersion of marked fluid in turbulent shear flow. J. Fluid Mech. 5, 544–560.Google Scholar
Erdogan, M. E. & Chatwin, P. C. 1967 The effects of curvature and buoyancy on the laminar dispersion of solute in a horizontal tube. J. Fluid Mech. 29, 465–484.Google Scholar
Fischer, H. B. 1973 Longitudinal dispersion and turbulent mixing in open channel flow. Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech. 5, 59–78.Google Scholar
Imberger, J. 1976 Dynamics of a longitudinally stratified estuary. Proc. 15th Int. Conf. Coastal Engng., Hawaii, pp. 3108–3117.
Ippen, A. T., Harleman, D. R. F. & Lin, J. D. 1960 Turbulent diffusion and gravitational convection in an idealised estuary. Hydrodyn. Lab. M.I.T. Tech. Rep. no. 38.Google Scholar
Lee, J. H. W., Jirka, G. H. & Harleman, D. R. F. 1974 Stability and mixing of a vertical round buoyant jet in shallow water. R.M. Parsons Lab. Water Res. Hydro. M.I.T. Tech. Rep. no. 195.Google Scholar
Prych, E. A. 1970 Effects of density differences on lateral mixing in open channel flow. Keck Lab. Hydraul. Water Res. Calif. Inst. Tech. Rep. KH-R-21.Google Scholar
Smith, R. 1976 Longitudinal dispersion of a buoyant contaminant in a shallow channel. J. Fluid Mech. 78, 677–688.Google Scholar
Smith, R. 1978 Asymptotic solutions of the Erdogan-Chatwin equation. J. Fluid Mech. 88, 323–337.Google Scholar
Taylor, G. I. 1953 Dispersion of soluble matter in solvent flowing slowly through a tube. Proc. Roy. Soc. A 219, 186–203.Google Scholar