Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-m6dg7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-06T05:28:40.030Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Learning with Information Capacity Constraints

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 April 2009

Lin Peng
Affiliation:
[email protected], Department of Economics and Finance, Zicklin School of Business, Baruch College, City University of New York, One Bernard Baruch Way, Box B10–225, New York, NY 10010.

Abstract

Motivated by the fact that investors have limited time and attention to process information, this paper provides a continuous-time equilibrium model to analyze the effects of a capacity constraint in the learning process of a representative investor, who optimally allocates her information capacity across multiple sources of uncertainty. Consequently, the cross-sectional structure of information and the resulting asset price dynamics are determined endogenously. The model provides implications on both consumption behavior and the cross-sectional differences in price informativeness in terms of supply of information, speed of price adjustments to fundamental shocks, and price reactions to firm disclosures.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © School of Business Administration, University of Washington 2005

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abreu, D., and Rubinstein, A.. “The Structure of Nash Equilibrium in Repeated Games with Finite Automata.” Econometrica, 56 (1988), 12591281.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Admati, A.The Informational Role of Prices—A Review Essay.” Journal of Monetary Economics, 28 (1991), 347361.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Admati, A., and Pfleiderer, P.. “A Theory of Intraday Patterns: Volume and Price Variability.” Review of Financial Studies, 1 (1988), 340.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Atiase, R. K.Predisclosure Information, Firm Capitalization, and Security Price Behavior around Earnings Announcements.” Journal of Accounting Research, 23 (1985), 2136.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barberis, N., and Shleifer, A.. “Style Investing.” Journal of Financial Economics, 68 (2003), 161199.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barth, M.; Kasznik, R.; and McNichols, M.. “Analyst Coverage and Intangible Assets.” Journal of Accounting Research, 39 (2001), 134.Google Scholar
Brennan, M., and Hughes, P.. “Stock Prices and the Supply of Information.” Journal of Finance, 46 (1991), 16651691.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brennan, M., and Xia, Y.. “Stock Price Volatility and Equity Premium.” Journal of Monetary Economics, 47 (2001), 249283.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Campbell, J., and Deaton, A.. “Why is Consumption So Smooth?” Review of Economic Studies, 56 (1989), 357374.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Campbell, J. Y., and Kyle, A. S.. “Smart Money, Noise Trading and Stock Price Behavior.” Review of Economic Studies, 60 (1993), 134.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Campbell, J. Y.; Lettau, M.; Malkiel, B. G.; and Xu, Y.. “Have Individual Stocks Become More Volatile? An Empirical Exploration of Idiosyncratic Risk.” Journal of Finance, 56 (2001), 143.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Campbell, J. Y., and Mankiw, G.. “Permanent Income, Current Income and Consumption.” Journal of Business and Economic Statistics, 8 (1990), 265279.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Collins, D.; Kothari, S. P.; and Rayburn, J.. “Firm Size and the Information Content of Prices with Respect to Earnings.” Journal of Accounting and Economics, 9 (1987), 111138.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cover, T., and Thomas, J.. Elements of Information Theory. New York, NY: JohnWiley & Sons (1991).Google Scholar
Detemple, J.Asset Pricing in a Production Economy with Incomplete Information.” Journal of Finance, 41 (1986), 383391.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dothan, M., and Feldman, D.. “Equilibrium Interest Rates and Multiperiod Bonds in a Partially Observable Economy.” Journal of Finance, 41 (1986), 369382.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dow, J.Search Decision with Limited Memory.” Review of Economic Studies, 58 (1991), 114.Google Scholar
Easley, D., and O'Hara, M.. “Price, Trade Size, and Information in Securities Markets.” Journal of Financial Economics, 19 (1987), 6990.Google Scholar
Feldman, D.Logarithmic Preferences, Myopic Decisions, and Incomplete Information.” Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 27 (1992), 619629.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Foster, F. D., and Viswanathan, S.. “A Theory of the Intraday Variations in Volume, Variance and Trading Costs in Security Markets.” Review of Financial Studies, 3 (1990), 593624.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Freeman, R.The Association between Accounting Earnings and Security Returns for Large and Small Firms.” Journal of Accounting and Economics, 9 (1987), 195228.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gennotte, G.Optimal Portfolio Choice under Incomplete Information.” Journal of Finance, 41 (1986), 733746.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Glosten, L., and Milgrom, P.. “Bid, Ask, and Transaction Prices in a Specialist Market with Heterogeneously Informed Traders.” Journal of Financial Economics, 13 (1985), 71100.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grant, E.Market Implications of Differential Amounts of Interim Information.” Journal of Accounting Research, 18 (1985), 255268.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grossman, S. J., and Stiglitz, J. E.. “On the Impossibility of Informationally Efficient Markets.” American Economic Review, 70 (1980), 393408.Google Scholar
Hall, R. E.Stochastic Implications of the Life Cycle Permanent Income Hypothesis: Theory and Evidence.” Journal of Political Economy, 86 (1978), 971987.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hansen, L. P., and Sargent, T. J.. “Misspecification in Recursive Macroeconomic Theory.” Monograph, Univ. of Chicago and New York Univ. (2004).Google Scholar
Hirshleifer, D.; Lim, S.; and Teoh, S. H.. “Disclosure to a Credulous Audience: The Role of Limited Attention.” Unpubl. Working Paper, Ohio State Univ. (2002).Google Scholar
Hirshleifer, D., and Teoh, S. H.. “Limited Attention, Financial Reporting and Disclosure.” Journal of Accounting and Economics, 36 (2003), 337386.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hirst, D. E., and Hopkins, P. E.. “Comprehensive Income Reporting and Analysts' Valuation Judgments.” Journal of Accounting Research, 36 (1998), 4775.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holden, C.W., and Subrahmanyam, A.. “Long-Lived Private Information and Imperfect Competition.” Journal of Finance, 47 (1992), 247270.Google Scholar
Huberman, G., and Regev, T.. “Contagious Speculation and a Cure for Cancer: A Nonevent that Made Stock Prices Soar.” Journal of Finance, 56 (2001), 387396.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kalai, E., and Stanford, W.. “Finite Rationality and Interpersonal Complexity in Repeated Games.” Econometrica, 56 (1988), 397410.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kyle, A. S. “Market Structure, Information, Futures Markets, and Price Formation.” International Agriculture Trade: Advanced Readings in Price Formation, Market Structure, and Price Instability, Story, G., Schmitz, A., and Sarris, A., eds. Boulder and London: Westview Press (1984).Google Scholar
Kyle, A. S.Continuous Auctions and Insider Trading.” Econometrica, 53 (1985), 13151336.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liptser, R. S., and Shiryayev, A. N.. Statistics of Random Processes. New York, NY: Spring-Verlag (1977).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lobo, G. J., and Mahmoud, A. A. W.. “Relationship between Differential Amounts of Prior Information and Security Return Variability.” Journal of Accounting Research, 27 (1971), 116134.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Merton, R.Optimal Consumption and Portfolio Rules in a Continuous-Time Model.” Journal of Economic Theory, 3 (1971), 373413.Google Scholar
O'Hara, M.Market Microstructure Theory. Boston, MA: Blackwell Publishers (1995).Google Scholar
Peng, L., and Xiong, W.. “Time to Digest and Volatility Dynamics.” Unpubl. Working Paper, Baruch College and Princeton Univ. (2003).Google Scholar
Peng, L., and Xiong, W.. “Investor Attention, Overconfidence and Category Learning.” Unpubl.Working Paper, Baruch College and Princeton Univ. (2004).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sims, C. A.Implications of Rational Inattention.” Journal of Monetary Economics, 50 (2003), 665–690.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shores, D.The Association between Interim Information and Security Returns Surrounding Earnings Announcements.” Journal of Accounting Research, 28 (1990), 164181.Google Scholar
Shiller, R.Irrational Exuberance. Princeton, NJ: Princeton Univ. Press (2000).Google Scholar
Stapleton, R., and Subrahmanyam, M. G.. “A Multiperiod Equilibrium Asset Pricing Model.” Econometrica, 46 (1978), 10771096.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stutzer, M. J.Simple Entropic Derivation of a Generalized Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model.” Entropy, 2 (2000), 7077.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sundaresan, M.Constant Absolute Risk Aversion Preferences and Constant Equilibrium Interest Rates.” Journal of Finance, 38 (1983), 205212.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Veronesi, P.How Does Information Quality Affect Stock Returns?Journal of Finance, 55 (2000), 807837.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Verrecchia, R. E.Information Acquisition in a Noisy Rational Expectations Economy.” Econometrica, 50 (1982), 14151430.Google Scholar
Wang, J.A Model of Intertemporal Asset Prices under Asymmetric Information.” Review of Economic Studies, 60 (1993), 249282.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
West, K. D.The Insensitivity of Consumption to News About Income.” Journal of Monetary Economics, 21 (1988), 1733.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yan, H. “Estimation Uncertainty and the Equity Premium.” Unpubl. Working Paper, Univ. of Texas at Austin (2001).Google Scholar