Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-xbtfd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-05T14:54:20.816Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Bonus-Driven Repurchases

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 June 2015

Yingmei Cheng
Affiliation:
[email protected], College of Business, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306
Jarrad Harford*
Affiliation:
[email protected], Foster School of Business, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195.
Tianming (Tim) Zhang
Affiliation:
[email protected], College of Business, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306
*
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Using a large hand-collected database of chief executive officer (CEO) bonus structures, we find that when a CEO’s bonus is directly tied to earnings per share (EPS), his company is more likely to conduct a buyback. This effect is especially pronounced when a company’s EPS is right below the threshold for a bonus award. Share repurchasing increases the probability the CEO receives a bonus and the magnitude of that bonus, but only when bonus pay is EPS based. Bonus-driven repurchasing firms do not exhibit positive long-run abnormal returns.

Type
Research Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Michael G. Foster School of Business, University of Washington 2015 

References

Bagwell, L. “Share Repurchase and Takeover Deterrence.” Rand Journal of Economics, 22 (1991), 7288.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bagwell, L., and Shoven, J.. “Share Repurchases and Acquisitions: An Analysis of Which Firms Participate.” In Corporate Takeovers: Causes and Consequences, Auerbach, A. G., ed. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press (1988), 191213.Google Scholar
Bange, M., and De Bondt, W.. “R&D Budgets and Corporate Earnings Targets.” Journal of Corporate Finance, 4 (1998), 153184.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Banyi, M.; Dyl, E.; and Kahle, K.. “Errors in Estimating Share Repurchases.” Journal of Corporate Finance, 14 (2008), 460474.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bens, D. A.; Nagar, V.; Skinner, D.; and Wong, M.. “Employee Stock Options, EPS Dilution, and Stock Repurchases.” Journal of Accounting and Economics, 36 (2003), 5190.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brav, A.; Graham, J.; Harvey, C.; and Michaely, R.. “Payout Policy in the 21st Century.” Journal of Financial Economics, 77 (2005), 483527.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brennan, M., and Thakor, A.. “Shareholder Preferences and Dividend Policy.” Journal of Finance, 45 (1990), 9921017.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brown, D., and Ryngaert, M.. “The Mode of Acquisition in Takeovers: Taxes and Asymmetric Information.” Journal of Finance, 46 (1991), 653669.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bushee, B. “The Influence of Institutional Investors on Myopic R&D Investment Behavior.” Accounting Review, 73 (1998), 305333.Google Scholar
Carhart, M. “On Persistence in Mutual Fund Performance.” Journal of Finance, 52 (1997), 5782.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Denis, D. “Defensive Changes in Corporate Payout Policy: Share Repurchases and Special Dividends.” Journal of Finance, 45 (1990), 14331456.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Doyle, J.; Ge, W.; and McVay, S.. “Accruals Quality and Internal Control over Financial Reporting.” Accounting Review, 82 (2007), 11411170.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Easterbrook, F. H. “Two Agency-Cost Explanations of Dividends.” American Economic Review, 74 (1984), 221230.Google Scholar
Fama, E., and French, K.. “Common Risk Factors in the Returns on Stocks and Bonds.” Journal of Financial Economics, 33 (1993), 356.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fama, E., and French, K.. “Disappearing Dividends: Changing Firm Characteristics or Lower Propensity to Pay?” Journal of Financial Economics, 60 (2001), 343.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fenn, G. W., and Liang, N.. “Corporate Payout Policy and Managerial Stock Incentives.” Journal of Financial Economics, 60 (2001), 4572.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Francis, J.; Lennox, C.; and Wang, Z.. “Selection Models in Accounting Research.” Accounting Review, 87 (2012), 589616.Google Scholar
Gompers, P.; Ishii, J.; and Metrick, A.. “Corporate Governance and Equity Prices.” Quarterly Journal of Economics, 118 (2003), 107155.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grullon, G., and Michaely, R.. “Dividends, Share Repurchases and the Substitution Hypothesis.” Journal of Finance, 57 (2002), 16491684.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Guay, W., and Harford, J.. “The Cash-Flow Permanence and Information Content of Dividend Increases versus Repurchases.” Journal of Financial Economics, 57 (2000), 385415.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Guidry, F.; Leone, A. J.; and Rock, S.. “Earnings-Based Bonus Plans and Earnings Management by Business-Unit Managers.” Journal of Accounting and Economics, 26 (1999), 113142.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Healy, P. “The Effect of Bonus Schemes on Accounting Decisions.” Journal of Accounting and Economics, 7 (1985), 85107.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hribar, P.; Jenkins, N.; and Johnson, B.. “Stock Repurchases as an Earnings Management Device.” Journal of Accounting and Economics, 41 (2006), 327.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ikenberry, D.; Lakonishok, J.; and Vermaelen, T.. “The Underreaction to Open Market Share Repurchases.” Journal of Financial Economics, 39 (1995), 181208.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jagannathan, M.; Stephens, C.; and Weisbach, M.. “Financial Flexibility and the Choice between Dividends and Stock Repurchases.” Journal of Financial Economics, 57 (2000), 355384.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jensen, M. “Agency Costs of Free Cash Flow.” American Economic Review, 76 (1986), 323329.Google Scholar
Jensen, M. “The Modern Industrial Revolution, Exit, and the Failure of Internal Control Systems.” Journal of Finance, 48 (1993), 831880.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
John, K., and Williams, J.. “Dividends, Dilution and Taxes: A Signaling Equilibrium.” Journal of Finance, 40 (1984), 10531070.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kahle, K. “When a Buyback Isn’t a Buyback: Open Market Repurchases and Employee Stock Options.” Journal of Financial Economics, 63 (2002), 235261.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kruskal, W., and Wallis, A.. “Use of Ranks in One-Criterion Variance Analysis.” Journal of the American Statistical Association, 47 (1952), 583621.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
LaLonde, R. “Evaluating the Econometric Evaluations of Training Programs with Experimental Data.” American Economic Review, 76 (1986), 604620.Google Scholar
Lie, E. “Do Firms Undertake Self-Tender Offers to Optimize Capital Structure?” Journal of Business, 75 (2002), 609639.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lucas, D., and McDonald, R.. “Shareholder Heterogeneity, Adverse Selection and Payout Policy.” Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 33 (1998), 233253.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marquardt, C.; Tan, C.; and Young, S.. “Accelerated Share Repurchases, Bonus Compensation, and CEO Horizons.” Working Paper, available at http://ssrn.com/abstract=1346624 (2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Matsunaga, S., and Park, C.. “The Effect of Missing a Quarterly Earnings Benchmark on the CEO’s Annual Bonus.” Accounting Review, 76 (2001), 313332.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mitchell, M., and Stafford, E.. “Managerial Decisions and Long-Term Stock Price Performance.” Journal of Business, 73 (2000), 287329.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Opler, T., and Titman, S.. “The Debt-Equity Choice: An Analysis of Issuing Firms.” Working Paper, Ohio State University (1996).Google Scholar
Petersen, M. “Estimating Standard Errors in Finance Panel Data Sets: Comparing Approaches.” Review of Financial Studies, 22 (2009), 435480.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peyer, U., and Vermaelen, T.. “The Nature and Persistence of Buyback Anomalies.” Review of Financial Studies, 22 (2009), 16931745.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Richardson, S.; Teoh, S. H.; and Wysocki, P.. “The Walk-Down to Beatable Analyst Forecasts: The Role of Equity Issuance and Insider Trading Incentives.” Contemporary Accounting Research, 21 (2004), 885924.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roychowdhury, S. “Earnings Management through Real Activities Manipulation.” Journal of Accounting and Economics, 42 (2006), 335370.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shleifer, A., and Vishny, R.. “Large Shareholders and Corporate Control.” Journal of Political Economy, 94 (1986), 461488.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Skinner, D. “The Evolving Relation between Earnings, Dividends, and Stock Repurchases.” Journal of Financial Economics, 87 (2008), 582609.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vermaelen, T. “Common Stock Repurchases and Market Signaling: An Empirical Study.” Journal of Financial Economics, 9 (1981), 139183.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Young, S., and Yang, J.. “Stock Repurchases and Executive Compensation Contract Design: The Role of Earnings per Share Performance Conditions.” Accounting Review, 86 (2011), 703733.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Supplementary material: PDF

Cheng supplementary material

Appendix

Download Cheng supplementary material(PDF)
PDF 84.5 KB