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The cup of Gyptis: rethinking the colonial encounter in early-Iron-Age western Europe and the relevance of world-systems models

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 January 2017

Michael Dietler
Michael Dietler*
Affiliation:
University of Chicago, Department of Anthropology, 1126 East 59th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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Abstract

A critical evaluation of the appropriateness of traditional ‘Hellenization’ and recently popular ‘world-systems’ interpretive perspectives on the colonial encounter in Iron Age western Europe is offered. These approaches are shown to have some common flaws stemming from shared implicit premises resulting from a profoundly embedded cultural legacy of hegemonic Helleno-centrism that permeates interpretive discourse. This legacy is a result of the construction during the Renaissance of a European identity with ancestral roots in ancient Greece and Rome and the consequent importance of these classical cultures to the definition of ‘cultural capital’ in modem Euro-American society. Additionally, world-systems models have problematic tendencies toward mechanistic structural overdetermination and reductionism. An alternative interpretive strategy, grounded in the anthropology of consumption and the historical anthropology of colonialism, is applied to the initial phase of the colonial encounter during the Early Iron Age. This brief example illustrates the necessity and possibility of restoring a consideration of local agency and culture to the archaeological analysis of colonial situations and of developing a more subtle means of understanding the relationship between local practice and global structures and processes.

Angeboten wird eine kritische Betrachtung zur Angemessenheit des traditionellen Konzepts einer „Hellenisierung” und der in jüngerer Zeit populären Perspektive von “Weltsystemen” als Interpretationen der „kolonialen Begegnung” im eisenzeitlichen Westeuropa. Es wird gezeigt, daß diese Ansätze einige gemeinsame Mängel haben, die von geteilten impliziten Prämissen herstammen, die ihrerseits auf das tiefsitzende kulturelle Vermächtnis eines hegemonialen Hellenozentrismus zurückzuführen sind, das den Interpretationsdiskurs durchdringt. Dieses Vermächtnis ist das Ergebnis der renaissance-zeitlichen Konstruktion einer spezifischen europäischen Identität, die die Wurzeln der Vorfahren im griechisch-römischen AItertum hat, und der anschließenden Wichtigkeit der klassischen Welt für die Definition von „kulturellem Kapital” in der modernen euro-amerikanischen Gesellschaft, Weltsystemmodelle zeigen außerdem eine problematische Tendenz zu mechanistischer, struktureller Überdetermination und Reduktionismus. Hier wird eine alternative Interpretationsstrategie auf die erste Phase der „kolonialen Begegnung” während der frühen Eisenzeit angewendet, die sich auf die Ethnologie des Konsums und die historische Ethnologie des Kolonialismus stützt. Dieses kurze Beispiel illustriert die Notwendigkeit und Möglichkeit, eine Betrachtungweise von örtlicher Agency und Kultur in der archäologischen Analyse kolonialer Situationen zurückzugewinnen und feinere Mittel zu entwicklen, um die Beziehungen zwischen örtlicher Praxis und globalen Strukturen bzw. Prozessen zu verstehen.

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Articles
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Journal of European Archaeology , Volume 3 , Issue 2 , Autumn 1995 , pp. 89 - 111
Copyright
Copyright © European Association of Archaeologists 

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