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Endogenous Formation of Free Trade Agreements: Evidence from the Zollverein's Impact on Market Integration

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 November 2014

Wolfgang Keller  and
Carol H. Shiue
Wolfgang Keller
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Economics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, NBER, CESifo, and CEPR.. E-mail: [email protected].
Carol H. Shiue
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, Department of Economics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, NBER, CESifo, and CEPR..
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Abstract

The Zollverein was arguably the most important free trade agreement of the nineteenth century. Although 1834 is the official date of the Zollverein's establishment, member states joined in a non-random sequence over several decades because the benefits of becoming a member increased, both as the size of the union increased, and as membership in the union became increasingly important for accessing foreign markets. We incorporate the endogenous effects of accession into an estimate of the economic impact of the Zollverein customs union. Our estimated effects are several times larger than simple estimates that do not take these effects into account.

Type
Articles
Information
The Journal of Economic History , Volume 74 , Issue 4 , December 2014 , pp. 1168 - 1204
Copyright
Copyright © The Economic History Association 2014 

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Footnotes

We thank Rainer Fremdling, Florian Ploeckl, two referees and the editor, as well as seminar audiences at Berkeley, CEPR ERWIT, the Cliometric Society, Colorado, Harvard, Lund, the NBER, the Philly Fed, and Yale for useful comments. Michael Kopsidis provided us with data. NSF support under grant numbers SES 0453040 and 1124426 is gratefully acknowledged. This paper was written in part while both authors were National Fellows at Hoover Institution, Stanford University, whose hospitality is acknowledged as well.

References

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