Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-8bhkd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-19T02:49:31.565Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

British Abolition and its Impact on Slave Prices Along the Atlantic Coast of Africa, 1783–1850

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 March 2009

Paul E. Lovejoy
Affiliation:
Professor of History, Department of History, York University, North York, Ontario, Canada, M3J 1P3.
David Richardson
Affiliation:
Reader in Economic History, Department of Economic and Social History, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, U.K.

Abstract

This article challenges the widely held view that slave prices in Africa fell substantially and permanently after Britain abolished its slave trade in 1807. Examination of slave-price data shows that, when allowance is made for movements in prices of trade goods bartered for slaves, real slave prices fell sharply between 1807 and 1820 but that the fall was confined to West Africa. In West Central Africa prices remained steady before 1820. Thereafter, prices rose strongly in both areas, and between 1830 and 1850 prices were generally close to the levels reached between 1783 and 1807, the height of the Atlantic slave trade.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © The Economic History Association 1995

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Bean, Richard N., The British Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade, 1650–1775 (New York, 1975).Google Scholar
Bowdich, Thomas Edward, Mission from Cape Coast Castle to Ashantee (London, 1819).Google Scholar
Braudel, Fernand, Civilization and Capitalism from the Fifteenth to the Eighteenth Century. Trans. Reynolds, Sian. Vol. 3, The Perspectives of the World (New York, 1984).Google Scholar
Curtin, Philip D., Economic Change in Precolonial Africa: Supplementary Evidence (Madison, 1975).Google Scholar
Curtin, Philip D., “The Abolition of the Slave Trade from Senegambia,” in Eltis, David and Walvin, James, eds., The Abolition of the Atlantic Slave Trade: Origins and Effects in Europe, Africa, and the Americas (Madison, 1981), pp. 8397.Google Scholar
Curtin, Philip D., The Rise and Fall of the Plantation Complex: Essays in Atlantic History (New York, 1990).Google Scholar
Daget, Serge, Répertoire des expéditions négrières françaises à la traite illégale (1814–1850) (Nantes, 1988).Google Scholar
Davis, Ralph, The Industrial Revolution and British Overseas Trade (Leicester, 1979).Google Scholar
Eltis, David, Economic Growth and the Ending of the Transatlantic Slave Trade (Oxford, 1987).Google Scholar
Eltis, David, “Trade between Western Africa and the Atlantic World before 1870: Estimates of Trends in Value, Composition, and Direction,” Research in Economic History, 12 (1989), pp. 197239.Google Scholar
Eltis, David and Engerman, Stanley L., “Fluctuations in Sex and Age Ratios in the Transatlantic Slave Trade, 1663–1864,” Economic History Review, 42 (1993), pp. 308–23.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eltis, David and Jennings, Lawrence C., “Trade between Western Africa and the Atlantic World in the Pre-Colonial Era,” American Historical Review, 93 (1988), pp. 936–59.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Esteban, Javier Cuenca, “British Textile Prices, 1770–1831: Are British Growth Rates Worth Revising Once Again?Economic History Review, 47 (1994), pp. 66105.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gayer, A., Rostow, W. W., and Schwartz, A. J., The Growth and Fluctuation of the British Economy, 1790–1850 (London, 1953), 2 vols.Google Scholar
Gray, Lewis C., History of Agriculture in the Southern United States to 1860 (Washington, D.C., 1933), 2 vols.Google Scholar
Hopkins, A. G., An Economic History of West Africa (London, 1973).Google Scholar
Hueckel, G. R., The Napoleonic Wars and their Impact on Factor Returns and Output Growth in England, 1793–1815 (New York, 1985).Google Scholar
Inikori, J. E., “West Africa's Seaborne Trade, 1750–1850: Volume, Structure, and Implications,” in Liesegang, Gerhard, Pasch, Helena, and Jones, Adam, eds., Figuring African Trade: Proceedings of the Symposium on the Quantification and Structure of the Import and Export and Long-Distance Trade of Africa in the 19th Century (c. 1800–1913) (Berlin, 1986), pp. 5087.Google Scholar
Instituo Brasileiro de Geogranca e Estatistica, Anuario Estatistico do Brasil (Rio de Janeiro, 1937), vol. 3.Google Scholar
Marion, Johnson, “The Ounce in Eighteenth Century West African Trade,” Journal of African History, 7 (1966), pp. 197214.Google Scholar
La Torre, J. R., “Wealth Surpasses Everything: An Economic History of Asante, 1750–1874” (Ph.D. diss., University of California, Berkeley, 1978).Google Scholar
Law, Robin, “The Historiography of the Commercial Transition in Nineteenth-Century West Africa,” in Falola, Toyin, ed., African Historiography: Essays in Honour of Ade Ajayi (London, 1993), pp. 91115.Google Scholar
Leonard, Peter, The Western Coast of Africa: Journal of an Officer under Captain Owen: Records of a Voyage in the Ship Dryad in 1830, 1831, and 1832 (Philadelphia, 1833).Google Scholar
Lovejoy, Paul E., Transformations in Slavery: A History of Slavery in Africa (Cambridge, 1983).Google Scholar
Lovejoy, Paul E. and Richardson, David, “A Data Base for a Regional Breakdown of Slave Prices at the Atlantic Coast of Africa, 1780–1850,” African Economic History, (forthcoming).Google Scholar
Manning, Patrick, Slavery, Colonialism, and Economic Growth in Dahomey, 1640–1960 (Cambridge, 1982).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Manning, Patrick, Slavery and African Life: Occidental, Oriental, and African Slave Trades (Cambridge, 1990).Google Scholar
Miller, Joseph C., “Slave Prices in the Portuguese Southern Atlantic, 1600–1830,” in Lovejoy, Paul E., ed., Africans in Bondage: Studies in Slavery and the Slave Trade (Madison, 1986), pp. 4377.Google Scholar
Miller, Joseph C, “Imports at Luanda, Angola, 1785–1823,” in Liesegang, Gerhard, Pasch, Helma, and Jones, Adam, eds., Figuring African Trade: Proceedings of the Symposium on the Quantification and Structure of the Import and Export and Long-Distance Trade of Africa in the 19th Century (c. 1800–1913) (Berlin, 1986), pp. 165246.Google Scholar
Patrick, O'Brien, “Agriculture and the Home Market for British Industry,” English Historical Review, 100 (1985), pp. 773800.Google Scholar
Posthumus, N. W., Nederlandsche Prijsgeschiedenis (Leiden, 1943).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reynolds, Edward, Trade and Economic Change on the Gold Coast, 1807–1874 (New York, 1974).Google Scholar
Richardson, David, “West African Consumption Patterns and their Influence on the Eighteenth-Century English Slave Trade,” in Gemery, H. A. and Hogendorn, J. S., eds., The Uncommon Market (New York, 1979), pp. 303–30.Google Scholar
David, Richardson, “Slave Exports from West and West-Central Africa, 1700–1810: New Estimates of Volume and Distribution,” Journal of African History, 30 (1989), pp. 122.Google Scholar
Richardson, David, “The Eighteenth-Century British Slave Trade: Estimates of its Volume and Coastal Distribution in Africa,” Research in Economic History, 12 (1989), pp. 151–97.Google Scholar
Richardson, David, “Prices of Slaves in West and West-Central Africa: Toward an Annual Series, 1698–1807,” Bulletin of Economic Research, 43 (1991), pp. 2156.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schumpeter, Elizabeth B., “English Prices and Public Finance, 1660–1822,” Review of Economics and Statistics, 20 (1938), pp. 2137.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
United, Kingdom, British Parliamentary Papers. Slave Trade (Shannon, Ireland, 1968), vol. 4 (1847–48), Third Report from the Select Committee on the Slave Trade, Minutes of Evidence, 5652.Google Scholar
United Kingdom, Liverpool Record Office, Thomas Leyland Papers, 387 MD 44.Google Scholar
United Kingdom, Public Record Office, Chancery Masters' Exhibits, C 114/158.Google Scholar
van Dantzig, Albert, “Elmina, Asante, and the Abolitionists: Morality, Security, and Profits,” in Daget, Serge, ed. De la traite à l'esclavage (Paris, 1988), vol. 2, pp. 583602.Google Scholar
Wattenberg, Ben J., The Statistical History of the United States from Colonial Times to the Present (New York, 1976).Google Scholar
WebbJames L. A., Jr. James L. A., Jr., “The Trade in Gum Arabic: Prelude to French Conquest in Senegal,” Journal of African History, 26 (1985), pp. 149–68.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilks, Ivor, Asante in the Nineteenth Century (Cambridge, 1975).Google Scholar