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A Question of Belief? Contesting Religion in Restoration England

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Contesting the English polity, 1660-1688. Religion, politics and ideas. By Mark Goldie. (Studies in Early Modern Cultural, Political and Social History, 49.) Pp. x + 334. Woodbridge–Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2023. £95. 978 1 78327 736 0

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 April 2025

EUAN DAVID McARTHUR*
Affiliation:
University of St Andrews

Extract

Mark Goldie is a towering figure in the historiography of early modern England, with a wide body of work concerning the origins and formations of political and religious institutions, including nascent party groups. His essays and edited collections inform most other accounts of the period, and his cohort of influential supervisees is legion within academia.

Type
Review Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2025

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References

1 See the absent ‘James ii and the Dissenters’ revenge: the Commission of Enquiry of 1688’, Historical Research lxvi (1993), 53–88.

2 For a review on similar themes see Sheehan, J., ‘Enlightenment, religion, and the enigma of secularization: a review essay’, American Historical Review cviii (2003), 1061–80CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

3 See also J. Champion, ‘The trouble with England's Troubles: Jonathan Scott, present-centredness, and taking belief seriously’, H-Albion (2001), at <https://www.h-net.org/reviews/showrev.php?id=5018>.

4 On these see also C. Haigh, ‘What was the restoration Church of England?’, EHR cxxxix (2024), 401–25.

5 Goldie, M. (ed.), Roger Morrice and the Puritan Whigs: the entring book, 1677–1691, Woodbridge 2016Google Scholar, p. xxxiii.

6 See also I. Rivers, Reason, grace, and sentiment: a study of the language of religion and ethics in England, 1660–1780, I: Whichcote to Wesley, Cambridge 1991, ch ii, and Sykes, N., From Sheldon to Secker: aspects of English church history, 1660–1768, Cambridge 1959Google Scholar.

7 Sheehan, ‘Enlightenment’, 1073; cf. Harrison, P., ‘Religion’ and the religions in the English Enlightenment, Cambridge 1990CrossRefGoogle Scholar, 1–4, 25–7.

8 Pocock, J. G. A., ‘Enthusiasm: the antiself of Enlightenment’, Huntington Library Quarterly lx/1–2 (1997), 728CrossRefGoogle Scholar at pp. 8–9.

9 On the latter see N. H. Keeble, The literary culture of nonconformity in later seventeenth-century England, Athens, Oh 2016, p. xxxiii. See also Rivers, Reason, i, ch ii; Sykes, From Sheldon to Secker, 87.

10 Best shown, recently, by another of Goldie's supervisees: Rose, J., Godly kingship in Restoration England: the politics of the royal supremacy, 1660–1688, Cambridge 2011CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

11 See also G. S. De Krey, review of Justin Champion, The pillars of priestcraft shaken, Journal of Interdisciplinary History xxiv (1994), 703–5 at p. 705.

12 See, for example, Morrill, J., The nature of the English revolution, Cambridge 1993, 37–8Google Scholar, and Spurr, J., ‘“Rational religion” in Restoration England’, Journal of the History of Ideas xlix (1988), 563–85 at p. 567CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

13 Cragg, G. R., From Puritanism to the age of reason: a study of changes in religious thought within the Church of England, 1660–1700, Cambridge 1950Google Scholar, passim, esp. pp. 9, 55–6; Hill, C., The English Bible and the seventeenth century, London 1993Google Scholar, ch i, esp. p. 34.

14 Cragg, Puritanism, ch x and passim; Spurr, ‘“Rational religion”’, 584–5, and The Restoration Church of England, 1646–1689, London 1989, 219. See also Bulman, W., Anglican Enlightenment: orientalism, religion and politics in England and its empire, 1648–1715, Cambridge 2015CrossRefGoogle Scholar, 12.

15 Indeed, some other essays concerning radical political and religious forces could plausibly have been included: see ‘The Hilton Gang and the purge of London in the 1680s', in H. Nenner (ed.), Politics and the political imagination in later Stuart Britain, Rochester, NY 1997, 43–73; Goldie, M., ‘The roots of true whiggism, 1688–94’, History of Political Thought i (1980), 195236Google Scholar.

16 Cf. Bulman, Anglican Enlightenment, 4–5.

17 Gregory, J., ‘Transforming “the Age of Reason” into “an Age of Faiths”: or, putting religions and beliefs (back) into the eighteenth century’, Journal for Eighteenth-Century Studies xxxii (2009), 287305CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Ingram, M. J., Reformation without end: religion, politics and the past in post-revolutionary England, Manchester 2018Google Scholar; Rose, Godly kingship.

18 Spurr, J., ‘The lay Church of England’, in Tapsell, G. (ed.), The later Stuart Church, 1660–1714, Manchester 2012, 101–2Google Scholar. This is slightly ungenerous: the essay on religious intolerance outlines the ‘political’ case for persecution, and admits its own focus on ‘theological’ argument: Contesting the English polity, 36–7.

19 Laney, B., A sermon preached before the king, London 1675Google Scholar (Wing L.350), 29.

20 Morrill, Nature, 284; Rivers, Reason, 1; Spurr, Restoration, 229.

21 Every, G., The High Church party, 1688–1718, London 1956Google Scholar, 169. On the contemporary irreconcilability of whether ‘religion’ was being advanced or diminished by critics of Anglican orthodoxy see Starkie, A., The Church of England and the Bangorian controversy, 1716–1721, Woodbridge 2007, 152–4, 188–90CrossRefGoogle Scholar.