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On Reading Charity Sermons: Eighteenth-Century Anglican Solicitation and Exhortation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 February 2009

Donna T. Andrew
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Extract

Neither charity nor charity sermons were new to the eighteenth century. Giving to the needy was a long–established feature of Christianity. In his ‘Rule and Exercise of Holy Living’ (1650), an extreme expression of such Christianity, Jeremy Taylor urged good Christians to ‘Give, looking for nothing again, that is, without consideration of future advantages: give to children, to old men, to the unthankful, and the dying, and to those you shall never see again; for else your Alms or courtesie is not charity, but traffick and merchandise.’ By the eighteenth century the City of London already had a tradition of sponsored annual sermons, called ‘spital’ sermons, for its own hospitals, i.e. St Thomas's, Barts, Bethlem, etc. However, as associated charities, charities conceived by, supported and directed by contributors, grew increasingly numerous in the course of that century, charity sermons also increased in number and importance. Associated or joint–stock voluntary charity welcomed its need for ongoing financial support; this, its supporters claimed, would ensure efficiency and accountability. The problem with such support, however, was not only that the charity needed to attract, and continue to attract, large numbers of donors, but also that it needed to convince those donors to repeat their contributions annually. The charity sermon became a central instrument in this process. Thus, usually on the anniversary of the establishment of the charity, the society would invite a prominent or popular clergyman to address present and potential donors, and a collection would be taken afterwards. After one such sermon on 9 July 1762, the governing committee of the Asylum for Orphaned Girls congratulated itself, well pleased with a collection of over £226 ‘and many new subscribers added’.1

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Articles
Information
The Journal of Ecclesiastical History , Volume 43 , Issue 4 , October 1992 , pp. 581 - 591
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1992

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References

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2 In this paper I disregard political and theological differences between sermon–givers, and argue implicitly that as far as their views of charity were concerned, their similarities were greater than their differences. This, however, is stipulative, and another paper of greater length would be needed to prove it. What I wish to consider here is not a particular reading of eighteenth–century charity sermons, but rather a method of understanding them. I would like to thank this JOURNAL'S reader for his intelligent and challenging questions.Google Scholar

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