No CrossRef data available.
Article contents
Lincoln Cathedral in the Reign of Queen Elizabeth I
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 25 March 2011
Extract
When the three royal commissioners, doctors Thomas Bentham, William Fleetwood and Stephen Nevinson, visited Lincoln cathedral in September 1559 their injunctions, which were largely copied from those of the Edwardine visitors in April 1548, marked the permanent establishment of reform within the mother church of the diocese. It is well known that at this time they and other commissioners deprived many of the higher clergy who refused to conform to the new settlement; in the diocese of Lincoln only one of the six archdeacons retained office throughout these troubled years and out of the 54 cathedral prebends either 11 or 12 changed hands. Five canons were displaced to allow the restoration of married clerks and another five or six were deprived. In contrast to this all the cathedral dignitaries and canons residentiary remained, although there is strong reason to suspect their secret hostility to protestant reform. Since Matthew Parker had no wish to recover his deanery, Francis Mallet the faithful chaplain of queen Mary whom she and cardinal Pole just before their deaths had intended to elevate to the see of Salisbury, was permitted to retain his office. Previously he had lived at Court and scarcely visited his church but on 17 August 1560 he protested major residence at Lincoln. His conservatism may be inferred from a sermon which he preached in the cathedral, in 1561 or 1562, wherein he declared in favour of there being seven sacraments. Unfortunately only a month previously the cathedral divinity lecturer, the reformer Thomas Godwin, had preached very vehemently in favour of there being two, and no more than two, sacraments. Thereupon William Todd, who was the only strongly protestant residentiary at the time, had appealed to two local gentry, of whom one was Sir. Francis Ayscough, the brother of the martyred Anne Askew, to raise a complaint against Mallet in the Privy Council. But nothing came of this and Mallet was not dislodged.
- Type
- Articles
- Information
- Copyright
- Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1960
References
page 186 note 1 The injunctions are copied in Chapter Acts, A/3/2, fols. 83–7; here and elsewhere I have been privileged to study the cathedral muniments by the courtesy of the dean and chapter, and with the assistance of Lincolnshire Archives Office.
page 186 note 2 Restored: J. Longland (Kildesby), J. Man (Biggleswade), R. Gill (Leighton Ecclesia), T. Larke (Norton Episcopi), G. Dodds (Welton Brinkhall). Deprived: O. Hodgson (Langford Manor), A. Draycote (Bedford Major), W. Tresham (Asgarby), R. Reynolds (Milton Ecclesia), R. Manners (Ketton) and probably S. White (Caistor). See Cole, R. E. G., Chapter Acts, Lincoln Cathedral, 1547–1559, Lincoln Record Society, XV, Horncastle 1920, App. II.Google Scholar
page 186 note 3 Chapter Acts, 17 August 1560, A/3/7, fol. 7r.
page 186 note 4 F. Mallet to M. Parker, 24 March —, Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, MS. 114, fol. 855.
page 187 note 1 Sermon at Norwich, Lambeth MS. 113/7.
page 187 note 2 Foxe, J., Acts and Monuments, ed. Townsend, G., London 1846, V. 428, 830.Google Scholar
page 187 note 3 Lambeth MS. 113/6, fols. 69–73.
page 187 note 4 Chapter Acts, 1 February 1567, A/3/8, fol. 34r.
page 187 note 5 Strype, J., Annals of the Reformation, Oxford 1824, I. Pt. i, 504–6.Google Scholar
page 187 note 6 Dixon, R. W., History of the Church of England, Oxford 1902, V. 304–5Google Scholar; for Hereford see Bateson, Mary (ed.), A Collection of Original Letters from the Bishops to the Privy Council, 1564, Camden Society, Miscellany IX, 1895, 20–3Google Scholar; for Exeter see Wilkins, Concilia, iv. 200–1; for Ripon see Purvis, J. S., Tudor Parish Documents, Cambridge 1948, 26–7.Google Scholar
page 188 note 1 M. Bateson, op. cit., 26.
page 188 note 2 Chapter Acts, 3 March 1560, A/3/7, fol. 4r.
page 188 note 3 Accounts of Clerk of the Common, Bj/3/6.
page 188 note 4 Chapter Acts, 24 April 1563, A/3/8, fol. 4r.
page 188 note 5 Chapter Acts, 27 September 1561, 15 February 1562, A/3/7, fol. 16r, 23r; Parker Correspondence, 149.
page 188 note 6 Chapter Acts, II September 1565, A/3/8, fol. 23v.
page 189 note 1 Foster, C. W., ‘Institutions to Benefices in the Diocese of Lincoln, 1540–1570’, Associated Architectural Societies, Reports and Papers, XXIV. Pt. i (1897), 9.Google Scholar
page 189 note 2 Edwards, Kathleen, The English Secular Cathedrals in the Middle Ages, Manchester 1949. 71.Google Scholar
page 189 note 3 Chapter Acts, 21 September 1573, A/3/8, fol. 51v.
page 189 note 4 Bradshaw, H. and Wordsworth, C. (eds.), Statutes of Lincoln Cathedral, Pt. ii, Cambridge 1897, 324.Google Scholar
page 189 note 5 Chapter Acts, 12 September 1589, 26 July 1591, A/3/7, fols. 107r, IIIv.
page 190 note 1 E.g. Chichester on 4 September 1574; British Museum, Egerton MS. 1693, fol. 128.
page 190 note 2 Burne, R. V. H., ‘Chester Cathedral in the Reigns of Mary and Elizabeth’, Journal of Chester and North Wales Architectural Society, XXXVIII (1951), 41–94.Google Scholar
page 190 note 3 Parker Correspondence, 312.
page 190 note 4 Historical Manuscripts Commission, Calendar of the Manuscripts of the Dean and Chapter of Wells, II, London 1914, 311.Google Scholar
page 190 note 5 Lincoln Cathedral Statutes, ii. 164, 574–5.
page 190 note 6 Chapter Acts, 22 May 1568, 3 April 1573, A/3/8, fols. 39r, 50v.
page 190 note 7 Wilkins, Concilia, iv. 264.
page 190 note 8 Chapter Acts, 15 September 1584, A/3/7, fol. 96r.
page 190 note 9 Chapter Acts, 19 July 1567, 24 July 1568, A/3/8, fols. 37r, 40r.
page 190 note 10 Chapter Acts, 25 August, 3 September 1575, A/3/8, fols. 55r and 55v.
page 190 note 11 Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, MS. 97, fols. 93–4.
page 190 note 12 The State of the Church in the Reigns of Elizabeth and James I, ed. Foster, C. W., Lincoln Record Society, XXIII, Horncastle 1926, 465–8.Google Scholar
page 191 note 1 Falkner, J. M., The Statutes of the Cathedral Church of Durham, Surtces Society, CXLIII, Durham 1929, 102.Google Scholar
page 191 note 2 E.g. John Pratt, prebendary of Farendon (£35 17s. od.), rector of Skirbeck (£34 17s. 8d.), Belton (£12 3s. 6d.), using Valor Ecclesiasticus assessment, to be increased about 150 per cent for actual value.
page 191 note 3 Chapter Acts, Lincoln Cathedral, 1536–1547, ed. Cole, R. E. G., Lincoln Record Society, XIII, Horncastle 1917, pp. xviii, 3, 5.Google Scholar
page 191 note 4 Bishop Longland, Register, xxvi. fol. 301v.
page 191 note 5 Tyrwhitt, R. P., Notices and Remains of the Family of Tyrwhitt, London 1872, 22; L.R.S., xiii. 94.Google Scholar
page 191 note 6 L.R.S., xiii. 69.
page 191 note 7 Thomas Randcs (Lincoln), John Chippingdale (Leicester), William Smith (Bedford).
page 192 note 1 Lincoln Episcopal Records in the Time of Thomas Cooper, S. T. P. Bishop of Lincoln, 1571—1584, ed. Foster, C. W., Lincoln Record Society, II, Lincoln 1912, 2.Google Scholar
page 192 note 2 Chapter Acts, 14 and 19 July 1571, A/3/8, fol. 47v.
page 192 note 3 L.R.S., ii. 151.
page 192 note 4 L.A.O., Brown Book, fols. 101v, 128r.
page 192 note 5 Dayman, A., The Statutes of Salisbury Cathedral, Bath 1883, 110.Google Scholar
page 192 note 6 E.g. Chapter Acts, A/3/7, fols. 104r, 105v, 106v, 112v, 114v; Maddison, A.R., ‘Lincoln Cathedral Choir, 1588–1640’, Associated Architectural Societies, Reports and Proceedings, XVIII (1886), 113–18.Google Scholar
page 193 note 1 Chapter Acts, 21 September 1592, A/3/7, fol. 116r.
page 193 note 2 1535: £5 16s. 5d.; 1591: £6 6s. 8d.; 1593: £5 15s. 9d.; calculated from Valor Ecclesiasticus and accounts book of provost of vicars choral, 1591–1608, c/iv/95.
page 193 note 3 The Parish Registers of St. Margaret's in the Close, ed. C. W. Foster, Horncastle 1915, 32.
page 193 note 4 Harrison, F., Life in a Medieval College, London 1952, 216.Google Scholar
page 193 note 5 E.g. L.R.S., xxiii. 37–53.
page 193 note 6 Chapter Acts, 8 January 1588, 30 May 1592, A/3/7, fols. 104r, 114v.
page 193 note 7 Chapter Acts, 7 February 1587, A/3/7, fol. 101r.
page 193 note 8 Gee, H. and Hardy, W. J., Documents illustrative of English Church History, London 1914, 435.Google Scholar
page 194 note 1 E.g. Chapter Acts, 5 November 1565, 17 January 1577, A/3/8/, fols. 24v, 58r.
page 194 note 2 The figures are 1553: £714; 1557: £707; 1573: £729; 1590: £714; 1595: £711; accounts of the common fund, Bj/3/6.
page 194 note 3 Cole, R. E. G., Chapter Acts, Lincoln Cathedral, 1520–1536, Lincoln Record Society, XII, Horncastle 1915, 4.Google Scholar
page 194 note 4 Chapter Acts between 1520 and 1540 record the leasing in lay fee of only two rectories; L.R.S., xii. 109.
page 194 note 5 L.R.S., xiii. 54.
page 195 note 1 L.R.S., xiii. 36.
page 195 note 2 Chapter Acts, 6 February 1563, A/3/8, fol. 4r.
page 195 note 3 L.R.S., xv. 133.
page 195 note 4 J. M. Falkner, The Statutes of the Cathedral Church of Durham, 182–91.
page 195 note 5 L.R.S., xv. 149.
page 195 note 6 Chapter Acts, 15 February 1560, 7 July 1560, A/3/7, fols. 10v, 13v.
page 195 note 7 Chapter Acts, 30 October 1563, A/3/8, fol. 11r.
page 195 note 8 Chapter Acts, 6 July 1560, A/3/7, fol. 6v.
page 195 note 9 Chapter Acts, 16 August 1562, A/3/7, fol. 2v.
page 196 note 1 13 Elizabeth c. 10, 18 Elizabeth c. 11.
page 196 note 2 Chapter Acts, 12 June 1563, A/3/8, fol. 6r.
page 196 note 3 Chapter Acts, 15 September 1575, A/3/8, fol. 56r.
page 196 note 4 Peterborough Local Administration, ed. Mellows, W. T., Northamptonshire Record Society, IX, 1939, lxv–lxvi.Google Scholar
page 196 note 5 I.e. the official who recorded the actual attendance of the residentiaries.
page 196 note 6 E.g. Christopher Diggles, Centum Solidorum prebend, 21 September 1592; also rector of Partney and vicar of St. Mary Magdalene in the Close.
page 196 note 7 J. M. Falkner, The Statutes of the Cathedral Church of Durham, 134.
page 196 note 8 L.R.S., xxiii. 63, 434–5.
page 197 note 1 Visitations and Memorials of Southwell Minster, ed. Leach, A. F., Camden Society, XLVIII, 1891, lvi.Google Scholar
page 197 note 2 Chapter Acts, 2 October 1503, A/3/2, fol. 44.
page 197 note 3 J. M. Falkner, Statutes of the Cathedral Church of Durham, 4.
page 197 note 4 Chapter Acts, 28 February 1560, A/3/7, fol. 3r.
page 197 note 5 C. Wordsworth, Statutes of Salisbury Cathedral, 378–9.
page 197 note 6 Wilkins, Concilia, iv. 264.
page 198 note 1 Frere, W. H. and Douglas, C., Puritan Manifestoes: a Study of the Origin of the Puritan Revolt, London 1902, 32.Google Scholar
page 198 note 2 E.g. Historical Manuscripts Commission, Calendar of the Manuscripts of the Dean and Chapter of Wells, ii. 295.
page 198 note 3 E.g. Harrison, W., Description of Britaine and England, ed. Furnivall, F. J., New Shakspere Society, Series VI, No. 1, London 1877, 16.Google Scholar
page 198 note 4 Chapter Acts, A/3/2, fol. 86r.
page 198 note 5 Chapter Acts, 30 October 1568, A/3/8, fol. 42r.
page 198 note 6 A. Dayman, Salisbury Cathedral Statutes, 113–14.
page 198 note 7 Chapter Acts, 25 August 1575, A/3/8, fol. 54r.
page 198 note 8 Chapter Acts, 25 August 1575, A/3/8, fol. 55v; L.R.S., ii. 152.
page 198 note 9 Lincoln City Council Register, 4 April 1584, IV, fol. 140v; State Papers Domestic, Elizabeth P.R.O., 192/67.
page 199 note 1 Lincoln City Council Register, 16 January 1595, IV, fol. 226r.
page 199 note 2 L.R.S., xv. 14.
page 199 note 3 L.R.S., xv. 8.
page 199 note 4 Chapter Acts, A/3/2, fol. 87v.
page 199 note 5 Chapter Acts, 15 November 1565, 22 June 1567, A/3/8, fols. 24v, 36v.
page 199 note 6 Hill, J. W. F., Tudor and Stuart Lincoln, Cambridge 1956, 103–4.Google Scholar
page 199 note 7 Chapter Acts, 22 June 1567, A/3/8, fol. 36v.
page 200 note 1 Cambrensis, Giraldus, Opera, Rolls Series, London 1861, 93–4; Kathleen Edwards, The English Secular Cathedrals, 188–9.Google Scholar
page 200 note 2 Statutes of Salisbury Cathedral, ed. C. Wordsworth, 360.
page 200 note 3 Will in P.C.C., 39 Alen; for Green see J. Foster, Alumni Oxonienses, ii. 598.
page 200 note 4 Historical Manuscripts Commission, Calendar of the Manuscripts of the Dean and Chapter of Wells, ii. 266.
page 200 note 5 Chapter Acts, A/3/2, fol. 85r.
page 200 note 6 Chapter Acts, 13 July 1560, A/3/7, fol. 6v.
page 200 note 7 Chapter Acts, 2 November 1584, A/3/7, fol. 97.
page 200 note 8 Peterborough paid £20: Mellows, W. T. and Gifford, Daphne H. (eds.), Elizabethan Peterborough, Northampton Record Society, XVIII, 1944, 46.Google Scholar
page 200 note 9 Cooper to dean and chapter, 19 March 1573: L.A.O., Cor/3/1/6, fol. 11.
page 200 note 10 Chapter Acts, 13 July 1560, A/3/7, fol. 6v.
page 201 note 1 R. V. H. Burne, Chester Cathedral in the Reigns of Mary and Elizabeth, 94.
page 201 note 2 L.R.S., xxiii. pp. lvi–lviii, 446–63.