^{page 127 note 1} Highfield, J. R. L., ‘The Promotion of William of Wickham to the see of Winchester’, in this Journal, IV (1953) 37–53.Google Scholar

^{page 127 note 2} This is set out in Lincolnshire History and Archaeology, VIII (1973).Google Scholar

^{page 127 note 3} Tout, T. F., Chapters in the Administrative History of Medieval England, Manchester 1920–1933, iii. 227.Google Scholar He had entered the king's service in April 1347. His subsequent career can be traced from the references given Ibid., vi. 171.

^{page 127 note 4} Neve, J. Le, Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae, 3rd. ed.London 1962–1967, iv (Monastic Cathedrals), 14.Google Scholar

^{page 127 note 6} Chronicon Johannis de Reading et Anonymi Cantuariensis, ed. Tait, J., Manchester 1914, 149.Google Scholar

^{page 128 note 1} Ibid., 10, Tait's introduction.

^{page 128 note 2} Ibid., 16, Tait's introduction.

^{page 128 note 3} Tout, Chapters, vi. 23.

^{page 128 note 4} Le Neve, iv (Monastic Cathedrals), 13–14,

^{page 128 note 5} Cf. the election to the bishopric of Ely in 1373 when the king recommended John Woodrowe, the chapter elected Henry Wakefield, and the pope provided Thomas Arundel, Ibid., 14.

^{page 128 note 6} Cal. Papal Pets., i. 371.

^{page 128 note 7} Cal. Pat. Rolls, 1361–4, 85.

^{page 128 note 8} Le Neve, iii (Salisbury Diocese), 89.

^{page 128 note 9} Cal. Pat. Rolls, 1361–4, 101.

^{page 128 note 10} In 1370 there were 224 patients in its infirmary and 23 children in its orphanage; it was not under the rule of any religious order, and its patronage belonged to the crown, Clay, R. M., The Medieval Hospitals of England, London 1909, 156, 204, 335.Google Scholar

^{page 129 note 1} Cal. Pat. Rolls, 1361–4, 101–2.

^{page 129 note 2} Ibid., 102; Cal. Pat. Rolls, 1348–50, 444.

^{page 129 note 3} Le Neve, xi (Welsh Dioceses), 70.

^{page 129 note 4} Ibid., v–vi; Louis Donati ?–1386, Ibid., 70.

^{page 129 note 5} Thompson, A. Hamilton, ‘The College of St. Mary Magdalene, Bridgnorth, Pt. ii: The Deans and Canons of Bridgnorth’, Archaeological Journal, LXXXIV (1927), 35.Google Scholar

^{page 129 note 6} Thompson, A. Hamilton, ‘Notes on Colleges of Secular Canons in England’, Archaeological Journal, XXXIV (1917), 154.Google Scholar

^{page 129 note 7} A. Hamilton Thompson in Archaeological Journal, lxxxiv, 27, 29 n. 2.

^{page 129 note 8} Handbook of British Chronology, ed. Powicke, F. M. and Fryde, E. B., 2nd ed.London 1961, 236Google Scholar

^{page 129 note 9} Le Neve, i (Lincoln Diocese), 1.

^{page 129 note 10} Rymer, T., Foedera, Conventions, Literae, Record Commission 1816–1819, iii. pt. ii. 676.Google Scholar

^{page 130 note 1} Lincolnshire Archives Office, Lincoln Dean and Chapter Muniments, A3/19 (Chapter Acts 1358–69), fols. 4^v–5.

^{page 130 note 2} Only Mulsho and Wickham had obtained their prebends in the vacancy caused by Gynewell's death: Le Neve, i (Lincoln Diocese), 33, 113.

^{page 130 note 3} Edington was provided to the prebend of Leicester St. Margaret on 26 April 1349, Ibid., 78; Haddon was collated to the prebend of Welton Beckhall, 9 September 1349, Ibid., 121. Edington was installed on 15 September 1362, Haddon on 19 September, A3/19, fol. 4^v.

^{page 130 note 4} The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church, ed. Cross, F. L., Oxford 1957, 695.Google Scholar

^{page 130 note 5} The list of those keeping residence is printed from the Lincoln accounts in Edwards, K., English Secular Cathedrals in the Middle Ages, 2nd ed. Manchester 1967, 341.Google Scholar

^{page 130 note 6} Le Neve, i (Lincoln Diocese), 1.

^{page 130 note 7} For the careers of all three see the references in Tout, Chapters, vi. For the offices held by Wickham at this time see Ibid., iii. 236–7; he succeeded Buckingham as keeper of the privy seal on 10 June 1363: Ibid., vi. 53. Wooler was keeper of the rolls of chancery: Ibid., iii. 214. Mulsho was a friend of Wickham, whom he succeeded as clerk of the king's works in 1361 and as dean of St. Martin's le Grand in 1364: Ibid., iv. 155.

^{page 130 note 8} Ingleby was a clerk of the privy seal, but seems to have resigned in 1360. He was a business partner of David Wooler: Tout, Chapters, v. 100. Dalton's last post seems to have been as keeper of the great wardrobe, which he ceased to hold in December 1358: Ibid., vi. 36.

^{page 130 note 9} He was one of the executors of the will of Thomas Beauchamp earl of Warwick: Nicholas, N. H., Testamenta Vetusta, London 1826, ii. 80.Google Scholar

^{page 130 note 10} Handbook, 279, 261.

^{page 130 note 11} For the careers of both Brian and Navesby see Jenkins, H. T., ‘Lichfield Cathedral in the Fourteenth Century’, B. Litt. thesis Oxford 1956, appendix F, no pagination.Google Scholar

^{page 131 note 1} Askeby was a king's clerk in 1363: Emden, A. B.A Biographical Register of the University of Oxford to A.D. 1500, Oxford 1957–1959, i,.Google Scholar 59 Kelsay was a king's clerk in 1370; Ibid., ii. 1030.

^{page 131 note 2} William Edington, bishop of Winchester, was then chancellor (27 Nov. 1356–19 Feb. 1363): Tout, Chapters, vi. 15. John Winwick, who died c. 17 May 1360, was Buckingham's predecessor as keeper of the privy seal: Ibid., vi. 53. Sir Nigel Loring was chamberlain of the Black Prince 1351–74: Ibid., v. 360.

^{page 131 note 3} Cal. Papal Pets., i. 229.

^{page 131 note 4} See his biography in H. T. Jenkins, ‘Lichfield Cathedral’, app. F.

^{page 131 note 5} No evidence has been found concerning the careers of John Haddon or Edward Cherdstock.

^{page 131 note 6} The list of residentiaries for the financial year September 1362–3 is printed in Edwards, English Secular Cathedrals, 341.

^{page 131 note 7} Le Neve, i (Lincoln Diocese), 1.

^{page 131 note 8} Cal. Pat. Rolls, 1361–4, 249.

^{page 131 note 9} Cal. Papal Letts., iv. 1.

^{page 132 note 1} Cal. Close Rolls, 1360–4, 11.

^{page 132 note 2} Cal. Papal Letts., iv. 34–5.

^{page 132 note 3} Ibid., 2; 5 February 1363.

^{page 132 note 4} ‘Certis praelatis in Flandria’: Malvern in Polychronicon Ranulphi Higden Monachi Cestrensis, ed. Lumby, J. R., , R. S.London 1887, viii. 365.Google Scholar

^{page 132 note 5} Birchington, Stephen in Wharton, H., Anglia Sacra, London 1691, i. 45.Google Scholar

^{page 132 note 6} Ibid., 45.

^{page 132 note 7} ‘Prece et pretio’: Polychronicon Ranulphi Higden, viii. 365.

^{page 132 note 8} Chronicon Johannis de Reading et Anonymi Cantuariensis, ed. Tait, J., Manchester 1914, 155.Google Scholar

^{page 133 note 1} For the languages of privy seal business see Tout, Chapters, v. 116.

^{page 133 note 2} ‘In the case of fourteenth-century bishops like Robert Stretton, John Buckingham, and William Wickham, the charge of illiteracy clearly referred to their lack of a university degree. No one would suggest that Buckingham and Wickham who were civil sevants of considerable experience were unable to read and write’: McFarlane, K. B., The Nobility of Later Medieval England, Oxford 1973, 235.Google Scholar

^{page 133 note 3} Sede Vacante Wills, ed. Woodruff, C. E. (Kent Archaeological Society, Records Branch, iii, 1914), 104.Google Scholar

^{page 133 note 4} Orme, Nicholas, English Schools in the Middle Ages, London 1973, 183.Google Scholar

^{page 133 note 5} See, for example, Wright, J. R., ‘The Supposed Illiteracy of Archbishop Walter Reynolds’, in Studies in Church History, v, ed. Cuming, G. J., Leiden 1969, 58–68Google Scholar, and the other examples quoted Ibid., 68.

^{page 133 note 6} Tait, J. in Chronicon Johannis de Reading et Anonymi Cantuariensis, Manchester 1914, 9.Google Scholar J. Taylor, on the other hand, suggests that Malvern may have been the source used by Reading: The ‘Universal Chronicle’ of Ranulph Higden, Oxford 1966, 112–3.Google Scholar

^{page 133 note 7} See Chronicon Johannis de Reading, 178.

^{page 133 note 8} Cal. Papal Pets., i. 387.

^{page 133 note 9} Ibid., 401.

^{page 133 note 10} Ibid., 412.

^{page 133 note 11} Le Neve, x (Coventry and Lichfield Diocese), 6.

^{page 134 note 1} Cal. Pat. Rolls, 1361–4, 319.

^{page 134 note 2} Ibid., 331.

^{page 134 note 3} Ibid., 338.

^{page 134 note 4} Worcestershire Record Office (St. Helen's), Reg. Barnet (Worcester), fol. 125. This was Buckingham's first benefice. He was instituted to it on 10 April 1344: Register of Wolstan de Bransford, ed. Haines, R. M. (Worcestershire Historical Society, N. S. iv, 1966), 379.Google Scholar

^{page 134 note 5} Le Neve, i (Lincoln Diocese), 1.

^{page 134 note 6} Cal. Pat. Rolls, 1361–4, 355.

^{page 134 note 7} Stubbs, W., Registrum Sacrum Anglicanum, 2nd ed.Oxford 1897, 79Google Scholar; Handbook, 258, 251, 341.

^{page 134 note 8} H. Wharton, Anglia Sacra, London 1691, i. 45.

^{page 134 note 9} For this paragraph see Lincolnshire Archives Office, Reg. 12 (Reg. Buckingham, Memoranda), fols. 1–18^v.

^{page 134 note 10} For the position of the parish church of St. Mary de Aldermanbury see the map by Honeybourne, Marjorie B. at the end of Ruth Bird, The Turbulent London of Richard II, London 1949.Google Scholar

^{page 135 note 1} Lincoln Dean and Chapter muniments A/2/3 (The Book of John de Schalby), fol. 43^v.