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Prenatal risk factors for depression: a critical review of the evidence and potential mechanisms

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 June 2014

E. C. Braithwaite ,
S. E. Murphy  and
P. G. Ramchandani
E. C. Braithwaite*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
S. E. Murphy
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
P. G. Ramchandani
Affiliation:
Academic Unit of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Imperial College, St Mary’s Campus, London, UK
*
*Address for correspondence: E. Braithwaite, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford OX3 7JX, UK. (Email [email protected])
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Abstract

Exposure to adverse experiences in early life increases the risk of depression during adulthood. Recent findings have highlighted that exposure of a fetus to an adverse intrauterine environment may also have implications for later offspring depression. This review considers the status of the evidence for these associations and the potential mechanisms underlying prenatal developmental risks for later depression, addressing the challenging possibility that environmental predisposition to depression may begin before birth.

Keywords

depressionfetal programmingprenatal adversity
Type
Review
Information
Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease , Volume 5 , Issue 5 , October 2014 , pp. 339 - 350
Copyright
© Cambridge University Press and the International Society for Developmental Origins of Health and Disease 2014 

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