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Association between maternal prepregnancy body mass index with offspring cardiometabolic risk factors: analysis of three Brazilian birth cohorts

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 May 2021

Mariane da Silva Dias Open the ORCID record for Mariane da Silva Dias [Opens in a new window] ,
Alicia Matijasevich ,
Ana Maria B. Menezes ,
Fernando C. Barros ,
Fernando C. Wehrmeister ,
Helen Gonçalves ,
Iná S. Santos  and
Bernardo Lessa Horta
Mariane da Silva Dias*
Affiliation:
Department of Social Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
Alicia Matijasevich
Affiliation:
Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
Ana Maria B. Menezes
Affiliation:
Department of Social Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
Fernando C. Barros
Affiliation:
Department of Social Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
Fernando C. Wehrmeister
Affiliation:
Department of Social Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
Helen Gonçalves
Affiliation:
Department of Social Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
Iná S. Santos
Affiliation:
Department of Social Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil Department of Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Pediatrics and Child Health, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
Bernardo Lessa Horta
Affiliation:
Department of Social Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
*
Address for correspondence: Mariane da Silva Dias, Department of Social Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Marechal Deodoro, 1160 3° floor, Pelotas96020-220, Brazil. Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

Evidence suggests that maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) is associated with offspring cardiometabolic risk factors. This study was aimed at assessing the association of maternal prepregnancy BMI with offspring cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescence and adulthood. We also evaluated whether offspring BMI was a mediator in this association. The study included mother–offspring pairs from three Pelotas birth cohorts. Offspring cardiometabolic risk factors were collected in the last follow-up of each cohort [mean age (in years) 30.2, 22.6, 10.9]. Blood pressure was measured using an automatic device, cholesterol by using an enzymatic colorimetric method, and glucose from fingertip blood, using a portable glucose meter. In a pooled analysis of the cohorts, multiple linear regression was used to control for confounding. Mediation analysis was conducted using G-computation formula. In the adjusted model, mean systolic blood pressure of offspring from overweight and obese mothers was on average 1.25 (95% CI: 0.45; 2.05) and 2.13 (95% CI: 0.66; 3.59) mmHg higher than that of offspring from normal-weight mothers; for diastolic blood pressure, the means were 0.80 (95% CI: 0.26; 1.34) and 2.60 (95% CI: 1.62; 3.59) mmHg higher, respectively. Non-HDL cholesterol was positively associated with maternal BMI, whereas blood glucose was not associated. Mediation analyses showed that offspring BMI explained completely the association of maternal prepregnancy BMI with offspring systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and non-HDL cholesterol. Our findings suggest that maternal prepregnancy BMI is positively associated with offspring blood pressure, and blood lipids, and this association is explained by offspring BMI.

Keywords

Maternal prepregnancy body mass indexcardiometabolic risk factorsdevelopmental programmingoffspring body mass indexmediation analysis
Type
Original Article
Information
Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease , Volume 13 , Issue 2 , April 2022 , pp. 161 - 167
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press in association with International Society for Developmental Origins of Health and Disease

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