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Effects of an outdoor bicycle-based intervention in healthy rural Indian men with normal and low birth weight

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 December 2014

C. Madsen ,
P. Mogensen ,
N. Thomas ,
D. L. Christensen ,
I. C. Bygbjerg ,
V. Mohan ,
M. Inbakumari ,
S. V. Nadig ,
R. Alex  and
F. S. Geetanjali
...Show all authors
C. Madsen
Affiliation:
Department of Diabetes and Metabolism, Copenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), Copenhagen, Denmark
P. Mogensen
Affiliation:
Department of Diabetes and Metabolism, Copenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), Copenhagen, Denmark
N. Thomas*
Affiliation:
Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
D. L. Christensen
Affiliation:
Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
I. C. Bygbjerg
Affiliation:
Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
V. Mohan
Affiliation:
Department of Community Health, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
M. Inbakumari
Affiliation:
Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
S. V. Nadig
Affiliation:
Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
R. Alex
Affiliation:
Department of Community Health, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
F. S. Geetanjali
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
K. Westgate
Affiliation:
MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
S. Brage
Affiliation:
MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
A. Vaag
Affiliation:
Department of Diabetes and Metabolism, Copenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), Copenhagen, Denmark
L. G. Grunnet
Affiliation:
Department of Diabetes and Metabolism, Copenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), Copenhagen, Denmark
*
*Address for correspondence: Prof. N. Thomas, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Christian Medical College & Hospital, Ida Scudder Road, Vellore-632004, India. (Email [email protected])
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Abstract

Physical inactivity and low birth weight (LBW) may lead to an increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes. The extent to which LBW individuals may benefit from physical exercise training when compared with those with normal birth weight (NBW) controls is uncertain. We assessed the impact of an outdoor exercise intervention on body composition, insulin secretion and action in young men born with LBW and NBW in rural India. A total of 61 LBW and 56 NBW healthy young men were recruited into the study. The individuals were instructed to perform outdoor bicycle exercise training for 45 min every day. Fasting blood samples, intravenous glucose tolerance tests and bioimpedance body composition assessment were carried out. Physical activity was measured using combined accelerometry and heart rate monitoring during the first and the last week of the intervention. Following the exercise intervention, the LBW group displayed an increase in physical fitness [55.0 ml (O2)/kg min (52.0−58.0)−57.5 ml (O2)/kg min (54.4−60.5)] level and total fat-free mass [10.9% (8.0−13.4)−11.4% (8.0−14.6)], as well as a corresponding decline in the ratio of total fat mass/fat-free mass. In contrast, an increase in total fat percentage as well as total fat mass was observed in the NBW group. After intervention, fasting plasma insulin levels, homoeostasis model assessments (HOMA) of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and insulin secretion (HOMA-IS), improved to the same extent in both the groups. In summary, young men born with LBW in rural India benefit metabolically from exercise training to an extent comparable with NBW controls.

Keywords

body compositionexerciseIndiainsulin resistancelow birth weight
Type
Original Article
Information
Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease , Volume 6 , Issue 1 , February 2015 , pp. 27 - 37
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Copyright
© Cambridge University Press and the International Society for Developmental Origins of Health and Disease 2014 

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Footnotes

†

Equal contribution.

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