Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-v9fdk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-19T08:22:06.377Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Presence of Mycobacterium avium subs. paratuberculosis DNA in milk used to feed calves in Portugal

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 May 2017

Célia Leão
Affiliation:
Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, I.P. (INIAV, I.P.), Unidade Estratégica de Investigação e Serviços em Produção e Saúde Animal, Rua General Morais Sarmento, 1500-311 Lisboa, Portugal
Ana Botelho
Affiliation:
Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, I.P. (INIAV, I.P.), Unidade Estratégica de Investigação e Serviços em Produção e Saúde Animal, Rua General Morais Sarmento, 1500-311 Lisboa, Portugal
Elisabete Martins
Affiliation:
InVivoNSA Portugal S. A., Zona industrial de Murtede, 3060-372 Murtede – Cantanhede, Portugal
Carla Aguiar
Affiliation:
InVivoNSA Portugal S. A., Zona industrial de Murtede, 3060-372 Murtede – Cantanhede, Portugal
Inês Rebelo
Affiliation:
Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
Telmo Nunes
Affiliation:
Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
Ricardo Bexiga*
Affiliation:
Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
*
*For correspondence; email: [email protected]

Abstract

This Technical Research communication describes results of a study aimed at detecting the presence of Map in milk fed to calves, and identifying possible risk factors for that presence. A questionnaire was performed on 37 dairy farms and waste milk samples were collected on 3 occasions separated by a minimum of 1 week. For farms not feeding waste milk, bulk tank milk samples were collected instead. A real time PCR for the detection of the IS900 sequence was performed for the detection of Map. A majority of farms (89·2%) fed waste milk, with only one pasteurising the milk before feeding it to calves. Results of the PCR showed that 51·5% of the farms that were feeding waste milk had a positive result for Map on that milk. None of the studied risk factors were significantly associated with the presence of Map in milk samples, possibly due to the small number of farms entering the study. However, the prevalence of positive samples for Map on PCR was 3·5 times higher for farms that bought in animals from a single origin and 1·9 times higher for farms that bought from multiple farms, when compared with closed farms. Having a calving area for multiple cows also increased the risk of a positive Map result by 1·5 when compared with single pens. The risk of having a positive Map result on waste milk was 1·6 times higher for farms feeding that milk to male calves and 1·4 for farms feeding to both male and female calves, when compared with farms not feeding waste milk. This study highlights paratuberculosis as one of the potential risks of feeding waste milk to calves, and the need for mitigation strategies to be in place to avoid unnecessary disease transmission.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Proprietors of Journal of Dairy Research 2017 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Correia-Gomes, C, Mendonça, D & Niza-Ribeiro, J 2010 Risk associations to milk ELISA result for paratuberculosis in dairy cows in northern Portugal using a multilevel regression model. Revue de Médecine Vétérinaire 161 295301 Google Scholar
Dimareli-Malli, Z 2010 Detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in milk from clinically affected sheep and goats. International Journal of Applied Research in Veterinary Medicine 8 4450 Google Scholar
Duse, A, Waller, KP, Emanuelson, U, Unnerstad, HE, Persson, Y & Bengtsson, B 2015 Risk factors for antimicrobial resistance in fecal Escherichia coli from preweaned dairy calves. Journal of Dairy Science 98 500516 Google Scholar
Gao, A, Mutharia, L, Raymond, M & Odumeru, J 2007 Improved template DNA preparation procedure for detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in milk by PCR. Journal of Microbiological Methods 69 417420 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hanifian, SS, Khani, S, Barzegari, A & Shayegh, J 2013 Quantitative real-time PCR and culture examination of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis at farm level. Veterinary Microbiology 162 160165 Google Scholar
Lee, HJ, Khan, MA, Lee, WS, Yang, SH, Kim, SB, Ki, KS, Kim, HS, Ha, JK & Choi, YJ 2009 Influence of equalizing the gross composition of milk replacer to that of whole milk on the performance of Holstein calves. Journal of Animal Science 87 11291137 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pithua, P, Wells, SJ, Godden, SM & Stabel, JR 2011 Evaluation of the association between fecal excretion of Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis and detection in colostrum and on teat skin surfaces of dairy cows. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 238 94100 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ridge, SE, Baker, IM & Hannah, M 2005 Effect of compliance with recommended calf-rearing practices on control of bovine Johne's disease. Australian Veterinary Journal 83 8590 Google Scholar
Sidoti, F, Banche, G, Astegiano, S, Allizond, V, Cuffini, AM & Bergallo, M 2011 Validation and standardization of IS900 and F57 real-time quantitative PCR assays for the specific detection and quantification of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis . Canadian Journal of Microbiology 57 347354 Google Scholar
Slana, I, Paolicchi, F, Janstova, B, Navratilova, P & Pavlik, I 2008 Detection methods for Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in milk and milk products: a review. Veterinarni Medicina 53 283306 Google Scholar
Stabel, JR, Hurd, S, Calvente, L & Rosenbuch, RF 2004 Destruction of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis, Salmonella spp., and Mycoplasma spp. in raw milk by a commercial on-farm high-temperature, short-time pasteurizer. Journal of Dairy Science 87 21772183 Google Scholar
Windsor, PA & Whittington, RJ 2009 Evidence for age susceptibility of cattle to Johne's disease. Veterinary Journal 184 3744 Google Scholar
Supplementary material: PDF

Leão supplementary material

Leão supplementary material

Download Leão supplementary material(PDF)
PDF 353.7 KB