Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-tf8b9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-22T22:30:27.797Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Microbiological and technological aspects of milks fermented by bifidobacteria

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 June 2009

Adnan Y. Tamime
Affiliation:
Food Science and Technology Department, The Scottish Agricultural College, Auchincruive, Ayr KA6 5HW, UK
Valerie M. E. Marshall
Affiliation:
School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield ED1 3DH, UK
Richard K. Robinson
Affiliation:
Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 2AP, UK

Abstract

Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Review article
Copyright
Copyright © Proprietors of Journal of Dairy Research 1995

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Allen, A. 1984 In Attachment of Organisms of the Gut Mucosa, pp. 312 (Ed. Boedeker, E. C.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC PressGoogle Scholar
Alm, L. 1991 In Therapeutic Properties of Fermented Milks, pp. 4564 (Ed. Robinson, R. K.). London: Elsevier Applied Science PublishersGoogle Scholar
Anon. 1974 Milk Industry 74 (5) 1920Google Scholar
Anon. 1986 North European Dairy Journal 52 241Google Scholar
Anon. 1993 a Dairy Foods 94 (94) 102Google Scholar
Anon. 1993 b Which April 3841Google Scholar
Arbuckle, W. S. 1986 Ice Cream, 4th edn, pp. 397398. Westport, CT: Avi-Van Nostrand ReinholdGoogle Scholar
Ashoor, S. H. & Monte, W. C. 1983 Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists 66 135139Google Scholar
Azuma, N., Yamauchi, K. & Mitsuoka, T. 1984 Agricultural and Biological Chemistry 48 21592162Google Scholar
Ballongue, J. 1993 In Lactic Acid Bacteria, pp. 357428 (Eds Salminen, S. and Wright, A. von). New York: Marcel DekkerGoogle Scholar
Beerens, H. 1990 Letters in Applied Microbiology 11 155157CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beerens, H., Romond, C. & Neut, C. 1980 American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 33 24342439CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Benno, Y. & Mitsuoka, T. 1986 Bifidobacteria and Microflora 5 1325CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Benno, Y. & Mitsuoka, T. 1991 Bifidobacteria and Microflora 10 8996CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berrada, N., Laroche, G., Lemeland, J. -F. & Tonetti, H. 1989 In Fermented Milks – Current Research, International Congress in Paris, pp. 259260. London: John LibbeyGoogle Scholar
Berrada, N., Lemeland, J. -F., Laroche, G., Thouvenot, P. & Piaia, M. 1991 Journal of Dairy Science 74 409413CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bezkorovainy, A., Grohlich, D. & Nichols, J. H. 1979 American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 32 14281432CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Biavati, B., Castagnoli, P., Crociani, F. & Trovatelli, L. D. 1984 Microbiologica 7 341345Google Scholar
Biavati, B., Sgorbati, B. & Scardovi, V. 1992 In The Prokaryotes – A Handbook on the Biology of Bacteria: Ecophysiology, Isolation, Identification, Applications, 2nd edn, vol. 1, pp. 816833 (Eds Barlows, A., Trüper, H. G., Dworkin, M., Harder, W. & Schleifer, K. -H.). New York: SpringerGoogle Scholar
Bielecka, M., Przewoźna, A. & Kowalczuk, J. 1988 Acta Alimentaria Polonica XIV 163168Google Scholar
Boyaval, P., Madec, M. N. & Corre, C. 1992 Biotechnology Letters 14 589592CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Burford, M. Y. 1989 Culture Dairy Products Journal 24 (4) 21, 23Google Scholar
Calicchia, M. L., Wang, C. I. E., Nomura, T., Yotsuzuka, F. & Osato, D. W. 1993 Journal of Food Protection 56 954957CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Catteau, M., Henry, M. & Beerens, H. 1971 Annales de l'Institut Pasteur 22 201205Google Scholar
Cheng, C. -C. & Nagasawa, T. 1983 Japanese Journal of Zootechnical Science 54 740747Google Scholar
Cheng, C. -C. & Nagasawa, T. 1985 a Japanese Journal of Zootechnical Science 56 257266Google Scholar
Cheng, C. -C. & Nagasawa, T. 1985 b Japanese Journal of Zootechnical Science 56 484494Google Scholar
Chevalier, P., Roy, D. & Ward, P. 1990 Journal of Applied Bacteriology 68 619624CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cogan, T. M. & Hill, C. 1993 In Cheese: Chemistry, Physics and Microbiology, 2nd edn, vol. 1, pp. 193255 (Ed. Fox, P. F.). London: Chapman & HallCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Collins, E. B. & Hall, B. J. 1984 Journal of Dairy Science 67 13761380CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Corre, C., Madec, M. -N. & Boyaval, P. 1992 Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology 53 189194CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Courtney, H., Ofek, I., Simpson, W. A. & Beachey, E. H. 1981 Infection and Immunity 32 625631CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crociani, F. & Matteuzzi, D. 1982 Annales de Microbiologic (Institut Pasteur) 133A 417423Google Scholar
Crociani, F., Matteuzzi, D. & Ghazvinizadeh, H. 1973 Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde, Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene A223 298302Google Scholar
Croucher, S. C., Houston, A. P., Bayliss, C. E. & Turner, B. J. 1983 Applied and Environmental Microbiology 45 10251033CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Damjanović, V. & Radulović, D. 1967 Cryobiology 4 3032CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Deguchi, Y., Morishita, T. & Mutai, M. 1985 Agricultural and Biological Chemistry 49 1319Google Scholar
Desjardins, M. -L., Roy, D. & Goulet, J. 1990 Journal of Dairy Science 73 299307CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Desjardins, M. -L., Roy, D. & Goulet, J. 1991 Milchwissenschaft 46 1113Google Scholar
De Vries, W., Gerbrandy, S. J. & Stouthamer, A. H. 1967 Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 136 415425CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De Vries, W., Kapteijn, W. M. C., Van Der Beek, E. G. & Stouthamer, A. H. 1970 Journal of General Microbiology 63 333345CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De Vries, W. & Stouthamer, A. H. 1967 Journal of Bacteriology 93 574576CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De Vries, W. & Stouthamer, A. H. 1968 Journal of Bacteriology 96 472478CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De Vries, W. & Stouthamer, A. H. 1969 Archiv für Mikrobiologie 65 275287CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dibb, S., Hunter, R. & Mann, K. 1991 Food Magazine 2 (15) 911Google Scholar
Doležálek, J. & Plocková, M. 1981 Sborník Vysoké školy Chemicko-Technologicke v Praze, E (Potraviny) no. 52 8587Google Scholar
Dong, M. -T., Chang, T. W. & Gorbach, S. L. 1987 Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease 14 17CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dorofeichuk, V. G., Volkov, A. I., Kulik, N. N., Karaseva, G. N. & Zimina, V. S. 1983 Voprosy Pitaniya no. 6 3033 (Dairy Science Abstracts 47 243)Google Scholar
Drasar, B. S. & Barrow, P. A. 1985 Intestinal Microbiology, pp. 1941. Wokingham: Van Nostrand Reinhold (UK)Google Scholar
Driessen, F. M. & De Boer, R. 1989 Netherlands Milk and Dairy Journal 43 367382Google Scholar
El-Soda, M., Macedo, A. & Olson, N. 1992 Milchwissenschaft 47 8790Google Scholar
Faure, J. -C., Schellenberg, D., Bexter, A. & Würzner, H. P. 1982 International Journal of Vitamin and Nutrition Research 52 225Google Scholar
Faure, J. -C., Schellenberg, D., Bexter, A. & Würzner, H. P. 1984 Zeitschrift für Ernährungswissenschaft 23 4151CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fernandes, C. F. & Shahani, K. M. 1989 Microbiologie-Aliments-Nulrition 7 337352Google Scholar
Fernandes, C. F. & Shahani, K. M. 1990 Journal of Food Protection 53 704710CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Finegold, S. M., Attebery, H. R. & Sutter, V. L. 1974 American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 27 14561469CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fischer, W. 1987 European Journal of Biochemistry 165 639646CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fischer, W., Bauer, W. & Feigel, M. 1987 European Journal of Biochemistry 165 647652CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gagné, J., Roy, D. & Gauthier, S. F. 1993 Milchwissenschaft 48 501505Google Scholar
Gilliland, S. E. 1989 Journal of Dairy Science 72 24832494CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gilliland, S. E. & Walker, D. K. 1990 Journal of Dairy Science 73 905911CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Guerina, N. G. & Neutra, M. R. 1984 Microecology and Therapy 14 183199Google Scholar
Gurr, M. I., Marshall, V. M. & Fuller, R. 1984 In Fermented Milks, pp. 5459. Brussels: IDF (International Dairy Federation Bulletin no. 179)Google Scholar
György, P., Kuhn, R., Rose, C. S. & Zilliken, F. 1954 b Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 48 202208CrossRefGoogle Scholar
György, P., Norris, R. F. & Rose, C. S. 1954 a Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 48 193201CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Habu, Y., Nagaoka, M., Yokokura, T. & Azuma, I. 1987 Journal of Biochemistry 102 14231432CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hansen, R. 1985 North European Dairy Journal 51 7983Google Scholar
Hansen, R. 1989 North European Dairy Journal 55 203204Google Scholar
Harju, H. 1993 In Proceedings of the IDF Workshop on Lactose Hydrolysis, pp. 2730. Brussels: IDF (International Dairy Federation Bulletin no. 289)Google Scholar
Hassinen, J. B., Durbin, G. T., Tomarelli, R. M. & Bernhart, F. W. 1951 Journal of Bacteriology 62 771777CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hawkins, S. M. 1993 Cultured Dairy Products Journal 28 (4) 1620Google Scholar
Heap, H. A. & Lawrence, R. C. 1988 In Developments in Food Microbiology—4, pp. 149185 (Ed. Robinson, R. K.). London: Elsevier Applied Science PublishersCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hekmat, S. & McMahon, D. J. 1992 Journal of Dairy Science 75 14151422CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hidaka, H., Hirayama, M., Tokunaga, T. & Eida, T. 1990 In New Developments in Dietary Fiber, pp. 105117 (Eds Furda, I. and Brine, C. J.). New York: Plenum PressCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hill, M. J., Fadden, K., Fernandez, F. & Roberts, A. K. 1986 In Natural Antimicrobial Systems, Part I. In Plants and Animals, pp. 2939 (Eds Goulds, G. W., Rhodes-Roberts, M. E., Charnley, A. K., Cooper, R. M. and Board, R. G.). Bath: Bath University Press (FEMS Symposium no. 35)Google Scholar
Hitchins, A. D. & McDonough, F. E. 1989 American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 49 675684CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holcomb, J. E., Frank, J. F. & McGregor, J. U. 1991 Cultured Dairy Products Journal 26 (3) 45Google Scholar
Hoover, D. G. & Hughes, D. B. 1991 Bifidobacteria and Microflora 10 113121CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hoskins, L. C., Agustines, M., McKee, W. B., Boulding, E. T., Kriaris, M. & Neidermeyer, G. 1985 Journal of Clinical Investigation 75 944953CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hotta, M., Sato, Y., Iwata, S., Yamashita, N., Sunakawa, K., Oikawa, T., Tanaka, R., Watanabe, K., Yajima, M., Sekiguchi, S., Arai, S., Sakurai, T. & Mutai, M. 1987 Keio Journal of Medicine 36 298314CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hughes, D. B. & Hoover, D. G. 1991 Food Technology 45 (4) 74–75, 7880, 83Google Scholar
Hušek, V., Pechačová, M. & Forman, L. 1990 Posters and Brief Communications, International Dairy Congress XXIII, vol. II, p. 394Google Scholar
Hylmar, B. 1978 Průmysl Potravin 29 99100 (Dairy Science Abstracts 40 752)Google Scholar
Imamura, M., Fujisawa, T. & Mitsuoka, T. 1990 Bifidobacteria and Microflora 9 131134CrossRefGoogle Scholar
International Dairy Federation 1987 Hygienic Design of Dairy Processing Equipment. Brussels: IDF (International Dairy Federation Bulletin no. 218)Google Scholar
International Dairy Federation 1992 a New Technologies for Fermented Milks. Brussels: IDF (International Dairy Federation Bulletin no. 277)Google Scholar
International Dairy Federation 1992 b Hygienic Management in Dairy Plants. Brussels: IDF (International Dairy Federation Bulletin no. 279)Google Scholar
Ishibashi, N., Tatematsu, T., Shimamura, S., Tomita, M. & Okonogi, S. 1985 Refrigeration Science and Technology 1 227232Google Scholar
Ishibashi, N., Tatematsu, T., Shimamura, S., Tomita, M. & Okonogi, S. 1990 Posters and Brief Communications, International Dairy Congress XXIII, vol. II, p. 394Google Scholar
Iwana, H., Masuda, H., Fujisawa, T., Suzuki, H. & Mitsuoka, T. 1993 Bifidobacteria and Microflora 12 3945CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Iwata, M. & Morishita, T. 1989 Letters in Applied Microbiology 9 165168CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Japanese Patent 1980 JP 104 885Google Scholar
Kageyama, T., Tomoda, T. & Nakano, Y. 1984 Bifidobacteria and Microflora 3 2933CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kaloud, H. & Stögmann, W. 1969 Archiv für Kinderheilkunde 177 2935Google Scholar
Kaneko, T., Mori, H., Iwata, M. & Meguro, S. 1994 Journal of Dairy Science 77 393404CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Khedkar, J. N., Dave, J. M. & Sannabhadti, S. S. 1990 Posters and Brief Communications, International Dairy Congress XXIII, vol. I, p. 183Google Scholar
Kim, H. S. 1988 Cultured Dairy Products Journal 23 (3) 69Google Scholar
Klaver, F. A. M., Kingma, F. & Weerkamp, A. H. 1993 Netherlands Milk and Dairy Journal 47 151164Google Scholar
Klupsch, H. J. 1983 North European Dairy Journal 49 2932Google Scholar
Klupsch, H. J. 1984 In Saure Milcherzeugnisse Milchmischgetränke und Dessert, pp. 7477. GelsenkirchenBuer: Th. MannGoogle Scholar
Kneifel, W. & Pacher, B. 1993 International Dairy Journal 3 277291CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Koroleva, N. S. 1991 In Therapeutic Properties of Fermented Milks, pp. 159180 (Ed. Robinson, R. K.). London: Elsevier Applied Science PublishersGoogle Scholar
Kurmann, J. A. 1983 North European Dairy Journal 49 6574Google Scholar
Kurmann, J. A. & Răsić, J. L. 1991 In Therapeutic Properties of Fermented Milks, pp. 117158 (Ed. Robinson, R. K.). London: Elsevier Applied Science PublishersGoogle Scholar
Kurmann, J. A., Răsić, J. L. & Kroger, M. 1992 In Encyclopedia of Fermented Fresh Milk Products. New York: Van Nostrand ReinholdGoogle Scholar
Lang, F. & Lang, A. 1978 a Milk Industry 80 (1) 2223, 28Google Scholar
Lang, F. & Lang, A. 1978 b Australian Journal of Dairy Technology 33 6668Google Scholar
Lapierre, L., Undeland, P. & Cox, L. J. 1992 Journal of Dairy Science 75 11921196CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Laroia, S. & Martin, J. H. 1990 Cultured Dairy Products Journal 25 (4) 18, 2022Google Scholar
Laroia, S. & Martin, J. H. 1991 a Cultured Dairy Products Journal 26 (4) 1321Google Scholar
Laroia, S. & Martin, J. H. 1991 b Cultured Dairy Products Journal 26 (2) 3233Google Scholar
Lauer, E. & Kandler, O. 1983 Systematic and Applied Microbiology 4 4264CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lichtenstein, A. H. & Goldin, B. R. 1993 In Lactic Acid Bacteria, pp. 227235 (Eds Salminen, S. and Wright, A. von). New York: Marcel DekkerGoogle Scholar
Lim, K. S., Huh, C. S. & Baek, Y. J. 1993 Journal of Dairy Science 76 21682174CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lundequist, B., Nord, C. E. & Winberg, J. 1985 Acta Paediatrica Scandinavica 74 4551CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McKellar, R. C. & Modler, H. W. 1989 Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 31 537541CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mahdi, H. A. 1990 PhD thesis, University of StratholydeGoogle Scholar
Mahdi, H. A., Tamime, A. Y. & Davies, G. 1990 Egyptian Journal of Dairy Science 18 345367Google Scholar
Marshall, V. M. E. 1987 Journal of Dairy Research 54 559574CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marshall, V. M., Cole, W. M. & Mabbitt, L. A. 1982 Journal of the Society of Dairy Technology 35 143144CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marteau, P., Pochart, P., Flourié, B., Pellier, P., Santos, L. B., Desjeux, J. -F. & Rambaud, J. -C. 1990 American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 52 685688CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Martin, J. H. & Chou, K. M. 1992 Cultured Dairy Products Journal 27 (4) 2126Google Scholar
Martlnou-Voulasiki, I. S. & Zerflridis, G. K. 1990 Journal of Food Science 55 703707CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mashayekh, M. & Brown, R. J. 1992 Cultured Dairy Products Journal 27 (1) 48Google Scholar
Maslov, A. M., Zabodalova, L. A., Yevstioneyeva, I. N. & Rykunova, I. P. 1990 Posters and Brief Communications, International Dairy Congress XXIII, vol. I, p. 187Google Scholar
Matteuzzi, D., Crociani, F. & Emaldi, O. 1978 Annates de Microbiologic 129B 175181Google Scholar
Metchnikoff, E. 1910 The Prolongation of Life: Optimistic Studies Revised edition of 1907. London: HeincmannGoogle Scholar
Mikelsaar, M. & Mänder, R. 1993 In Lactic Acid Bacteria, pp. 237293 (Eds Salminen, S. and Wright, A. von). New York: Marcel DekkerGoogle Scholar
Miller, L. G. & Finegold, S. M. 1967 Journal of Bacteriology 93 125130CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Minagawa, E., Kaminogawa, S., Tsukasaki, F., Motoshima, H. & Yamauchi, K. 1985 Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology 31 599606CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Minami, Y., Yazawa, K., Tamura, Z., Tanaka, T. & Yamamoto, T. 1983 Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 31 16881691CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Misra, A. K. & Kuila, R. K. 1991 a Australian Journal of Dairy Technology 46 2426Google Scholar
Misra, A. K. & Kuila, R. K. 1991 b Cultured Dairy Products Journal 26 (4) 46Google Scholar
Misra, A. K. & Kuila, R. K. 1992 Lait 72 213220CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mistry, V. V. & Maubois, J. -L. 1993 In Cheese: Chemistry, Physics and Microbiology, 2nd edn, vol. 1, pp. 493522 (Ed. Fox, P. F.). London: Chapman & HallCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mitsuoka, T. 1982 Bifidobacteria and Microflora 1 324CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mitsuoka, T. 1984 Bifidobacteria and Microflora 3 1128CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mitsuoka, T. 1989 In Fermented Milks—Current Research, International Congress in Paris, pp. 4148. London: Libbey, JohnGoogle Scholar
Mitsuoka, T. 1990 International Dairy Congress XXIII, vol. 2, pp. 12261237Google Scholar
Mitsuoka, T. 1992 In The Lactic Acid Bacteria in Health and Disease, vol. 1, pp. 69114 (Ed. Wood, B. J.). London: Elsevier Applied Science PublishersGoogle Scholar
Miyazai, K., Chida, S., Aikawa, K., Okamura, N. & Nakaya, R. 1991 Bifidobacteria and Microflora 10 3341CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Modler, H. W. 1994 International Dairy Journal 4 383407CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Modler, H. W., McKellar, R. C., Goff, H. D. & Mackie, D. A. 1990 b Cultured Dairy Products Journal 25(3) 4–6, 89Google Scholar
Modler, H. W., Mckellar, R. C. & Yaguchi, M. 1990a Canadian Institute of Food Science and Technology Journal 23 (1) 2941CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Modler, H. W. & Villa-Garcia, L. 1993 Cultured Dairy Products Journal 28 (1) 48Google Scholar
Moreau, M. C., Thomasson, M., Ducluzeau, R. & Raibaud, P. 1986 Reproduction, Nutrition, Développement 26 745753CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Muñoa, F. J. & Pares, R. 1988 Applied and Environmental Microbiology 54 17151718CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Murti, T. W., Bouillanne, C., Landon, M. & Desmazeaud, M. J. 1993 Journal of Food Science 58 153157CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mutai, M. & Tanaka, R. 1987 Bifidobacteria and Microflora 6 3341CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nagawa, M., Nakabayashi, A. & Fujino, S. 1988 Journal of Dairy Science 71 17771782CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Okamura, N., Nakaya, R., Yokota, H., Yanai, N. & Kawashima, T. 1986 Bifidobacteria and Microflora 5 5155CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Onggo, I. & Fleet, G. H. 1993 Australian Journal of Dairy Technology 48 8992Google Scholar
Opdaiil, L. J. & Baer, R. J. 1991 Journal of Dairy Science 74 41514163CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Op Den Kamp, H. J. M., Oosterhof, A. & Veerkamp, J. H. 1985 a Infection and Immunity 47 332334CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Op Den Kamp, H. J. M., Peeters, P. A. M., Oosterhof, A. & Veerkamp, J. H. 1985 b Journal of General Microbiology 131 661668Google Scholar
O'Sullivan, M. G., Thornton, G., O'sullivan, G. C. & Collins, J. K. 1992 Trends in Food Science and Technology 3 309314CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pacher, B. & Kneifel, W. 1993 DMZ -Lebensmittelindustrie und Milchwirtschaft 114(4) 8082Google Scholar
Petschow, B. W. & Talbott, R. D. 1990 Journal of Clinical Microbiology 28 287292CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Petschow, B. W. & Talbott, R. D. 1991 Pediatric Research 29 208213CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Poupard, J. A., Husain, I. & Norris, R. F. 1973 Bacteriological Reviews 37 136165CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Puhan, Z. 1988 In Fermented Milks—Science and Technology, pp. 46. Brussels: IDF (International Dairy Federation Bulletin no. 227)Google Scholar
Rašić, J. L. 1986 International Dairy Congress XX, 673682Google Scholar
Rašić, J. L. 1990 In Culture Media for Detection and Enumeration of Bifidobacteria in Fermented Milk Products, pp. 2434. Brussels: IDF (International Dairy Federation Bulletin no. 252)Google Scholar
Rašić, J. L. & Kurmann, J. A. 1978 Yoghurt-Scientific Grounds, Technology, Manufacture and Preparations. Copenhagen: Technical Dairy Publishing HouseGoogle Scholar
Rašić, J. L. & Kurmann, J. A. 1983 Bifidobacteria and their Role, pp. 334. Basel: Birkhäuser (Experientia 39 Supplement)CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Reddy, B. S. 1990 Bifidobacteria and Microflora 9 6576CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Renner, E. 1991 In Cultured Dairy Products in Human Nutrition/Dietary Calcium and Health, pp. 224. Brussels: IDF (International Dairy Federation Bulletin no. 255)Google Scholar
Resnick, I. G. & Levin, M. A. 1981 a Applied and Environmental Microbiology 42 433438CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Resnick, I. G. & Levin, M. A. 1981 b Applied and Environmental Microbiology 42 427432CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reuter, G. 1989 In Fermented Milks-Current Research, International Congress in Paris, pp. 4958. London: Libbey, JohnGoogle Scholar
Reuter, G. 1990 Bifidobacteria and Microflora 9 107118CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roberfroid, M. 1993 CRC Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 33 103148CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Robinson, R. K. 1989 Dairy Industries International 54 (7) 2325Google Scholar
Robinson, R. K. 1990 South African Journal of Dairy Science 22 4345Google Scholar
Robinson, R. K. & Samona, A. 1992 International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition 43 175180CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rogosa, M. 1974 In Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 7th edn, pp. 669676 (Eds Buchanan, R. E. and Gibbons, N. E.). Baltimore, MD: Williams & WilkinsGoogle Scholar
Romond, C. & Romond, M. B. 1990 International Dairy Congress XXIII, vol. 2, pp. 12551264Google Scholar
Rose, S. J. 1984 Journal of Pediatrics 74 365CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roy, D., Blanchette, L., Savoie, L., Ward, P. & Chevalier, P. 1992 Milchwissenschaft 47 1821Google Scholar
Roy, D., Chevalier, P., Ward, P. & Savoie, L. 1991 a Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 34 653655CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roy, D., Dussault, F. & Ward, P. 1990 Milchwissenschaft 45 500502Google Scholar
Roy, D. & Ward, P. 1990 Journal of Applied Bacteriology 69 739749CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roy, D. & Ward, P. 1992 Journal of Food Protection 55 291295CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roy, D., Ward, P., Toupin, C. J. & Chevalier, P. 1991 b Microbiologie-Aliments-Nutrition 9 133138Google Scholar
Sakai, K., Mishima, C., Tachiki, T., Kumagai, H. & Tochikura, T. 1987 Journal of Fermentation Technology 65 215220CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Salji, J. 1992 Food Science and Technology Today 6 142147Google Scholar
Salji, J. 1993 In Encyclopaedia of Food Science, Food Technology and Nutrition, vol. 1, pp. 35 (Eds Macrae, R., Robinson, R. K. and Sadler, M.). London: Academic PressGoogle Scholar
Salyers, A. A. 1990 In New Developments in Dietary Fiber, pp. 151158 (Eds Furda, I. and Brine, C. J.). New York: Plenum PressCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Samona, A. & Robinson, R. K. 1991 Journal of the Society of Dairy Technology 44 6466CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sato, J., Mochizuki, K. & Homma, N. 1982 Bifidobacteria and Microflora 1 5154Google Scholar
Savage, D. C. 1977 a Annual Review of Microbiology 31 107133CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Savage, D. C. 1977 b In Microbial Ecology of the Out, pp. 277310 (Eds Clarke, R. T. Y. and Bauchop, T.). London: Academic PressGoogle Scholar
Savage, D. C. 1984 Microecology and Therapy 14 169182Google Scholar
Scardovi, V. 1986 In Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, vol. 2, pp. 14181434 (Eds Sneath, P. H. A., Mair, N. S., Sharpe, M. E. and Holt, J. G.). Baltimore, MD: Williams & WilkinsGoogle Scholar
Scardovi, V. & Trovatelli, L. D. 1965 Annates de Microbiologic (Institut Pasteur) 15 1929Google Scholar
Schacht, E. & Syrazynski, A. 1975 Industria Lechera no. 646 911 (Dairy Science Abstracts 38 741)Google Scholar
Schuler-malyoth, R., Ruppert, A. & Müller, F. 1968 Milchwissenschaft 23 554558Google Scholar
Sellars, R. L. 1991 In Therapeutic Properties of Fermented Milks, pp. 81116 (Ed. Robinson, R. K.). London: Elsevier Applied Science PublishersGoogle Scholar
Shimamura, S., Abe, F., Ishibashi, N., Miyakawa, H., Yaeshima, T., Araya, T. & Tomita, M. 1992 Journal of Dairy Science 75 32963306CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shimamura, S., Abe, F., Ishibashi, N., Miyakawa, H., Yaeshima, T. & Tomita, M. 1990 Agricultural and Biological Chemistry 54 28692874Google Scholar
Smart, J. B. 1993 In Proceedings of the IDF Workshop on Lactose Hydrolysis, pp. 16–12. Brussels: IDF (International Dairy Federation Bulletin no. 289)Google Scholar
Sozzi, T., Brigidi, P., Mignot, O. & Matteuzzi, D. 1990 Lait 70 357361CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Staab, J. A. & Ely, J. K. 1987 Cryobiology 24 174178CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stanier, R. Y., Ingraham, J. L., Wheelis, M. L. & Painter, P. R. 1987 General Microbiology, 5th edn, pp. 495504. London: MacmillanGoogle Scholar
Stark, P. L. & Lee, A. 1982 Journal of Medical Microbiology 15 189203CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stevenson, D. K., Yang, C., Kerner, J. A. & Yeager, A. S. 1985 Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 24 338341CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Takano, R., Arai, K., Murota, I., Hayalawa, K., Mizutani, T. & Mitsuoka, T. 1985 Bifidobacteria and Microflora 4 3137CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tamime, A. Y. 1990 In Dairy Microbiology, 2nd edn, vol. 2, pp. 131201 (Ed. Robinson, R. K.). London: Elsevier Applied Science PublishersGoogle Scholar
Tamime, A. Y. 1993 In Encyclopaedia of Food Science, Food Technology and Nutrition, vol. 7, pp. 49724977 (Eds Macrae, R., Robinson, R. K. and Sadler, M.). London: Academic PressGoogle Scholar
Tamime, A. Y. & Crawford, R. J. M. 1984 Egyptian Journal of Dairy Science 12 299312Google Scholar
Tamime, A. Y., Davies, G., Chehade, A. S. & Mahdi, H. A. 1989 b Journal of the Society of Dairy Technology 42 3539CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tamime, A. Y., Davies, G., Chehade, A. S. & Mahdi, H. A. 1991 b Journal of the Society of Dairy Technology 44 99103CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tamime, A. Y., Kalab, M. & Davies, G. 1989 a Food Microstructure 8 125135Google Scholar
Tamime, A. Y., Kalab, M. & Davies, G. 1991 a Food Structure 10 345352Google Scholar
Tamime, A. Y. & Kirkegaard, J. 1991 In Feta and Related Cheeses, pp. 70143 (Eds Robinson, R. K., Tamime, A. Y.). London: Ellis HorwoodCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tamime, A. Y. & Robinson, R. K. 1985 Yoghurt: Science and Technology. Oxford: Pergamon PressGoogle Scholar
Tamime, A. Y. & Robinson, R. K. 1988 Journal of Dairy Research 55 281307CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tamura, Y., Mizota, T., Shimamura, S. & Tomita, M. 1993 In Proceedings of the IDF Workshop on Lactose Hydrolysis, pp. 4353. Brussels: IDF (International Dairy Federation Bulletin no. 289)Google Scholar
Tanaka, R., Takayama, H., Morotomi, M., Kuroshima, T., Ueyama, S., Matsumoto, K., Kuroda, A. & Mutai, M. 1983 Bifidobacteria and Microflora 2 1724CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Taniguchi, M., Kotani, N. & Kobayashi, T. 1987 a Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 25 438441CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Taniguchi, M., Kotani, N. & Kobayashi, T. 1987 b Journal of Fermentation Technology 65 178184Google Scholar
Tannock, G. W. 1992 In Probiotics – The Scientific Basis, pp. 181207 (Ed. Fuller, R.). London: Chapman & HaltCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Teraguchi, S., Kawashima, T. & Kuboyama, M. 1982 Japanese Journal of Food Hygiene 23 3944Google Scholar
Tbraguchi, S., Uehara, M., Ogasa, K. & Mitsuoka, T. 1978 Japanese Journal of Bacteriology 33 753761Google Scholar
Tissier, H. 1900 PhD thesis, University of ParisGoogle Scholar
Ventling, B. L. & Mistry, V. V. 1993 Journal of Dairy Science 76 962971CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wijsman, M. R., Hereijgers, J. L. P. M. & De Groote, J. M. F. H. 1989 Netherlands Milk and Dairy Journal 43 395405Google Scholar
Williams, K. A. 1990 Ice Cream and Frozen Confectionery 42 (3) 112113Google Scholar
Yaeshima, T., Fujisawa, T. & Mitsuoka, T. 1992 Bifidobacteria and Microflora 11 2532CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yamazaki, A., Kamimura, H., Momose, H., Kawashima, T. & Ueda, K. 1982 Bifidobacteria and Microflora 1 5559CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yamazaki, H. & Matsumoto, K. 1994 Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 64 461465CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yazawa, K., Imai, K. & Tamura, Z. 1978 Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 26 33063311CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yuhara, T., Isojima, S., Tsuchiya, F. & Mitsuoka, T. 1983 Bifidobacteria and Microflora 2 3339CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zacconi, C., Scolari, G. L. & Rebecchi, A. 1990 Posters and Brief Communications, International Dairy Congress XXIII, vol. I, p. 201Google Scholar