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Methods for the determination of aroma compounds in dairy products: a comparative study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 June 2009

Vassilis Xanthopoulos ,
Daniel Picque ,
Naïma Bassit ,
Clair-Yves Boquien  and
Georges Corrieu
Vassilis Xanthopoulos
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés Biotechnologiques Agro-alimentaires, INRA, F-78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France
Daniel Picque*
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés Biotechnologiques Agro-alimentaires, INRA, F-78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France
Naïma Bassit
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés Biotechnologiques Agro-alimentaires, INRA, F-78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France
Clair-Yves Boquien
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés Biotechnologiques Agro-alimentaires, INRA, F-78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France
Georges Corrieu
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés Biotechnologiques Agro-alimentaires, INRA, F-78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France
*
† For correspondence.
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Summary

Several methods used for sample preparation and for the determination of volatile flavour compounds in dairy products were tested. Steam distillation was an advantageous method for isolating volatile substances. The extraction yields for acetaldehyde, ethanol and diacetyl were >90%, and acetoin was partly separated from diacetyl. After steam distillation of the sample, gas-liquid chromatography was found to be a rapid method for the determination of acetaldehyde, ethanol and diacetyl in a wide range of concentrations corresponding to those found in dairy products. However, the lower limits for reproducible measurements were high (250, 1250 and 65 μM respectively). From the same sample, colorimetry was shown to be an accurate method for the detection of low levels of diacetyl and acetoin (12 and 57 μM respectively). Diacetyl interfered in the colorimetrie determination of acetoin. However, the interference was < 10% when the diacetyl: acetoin molar ratio was < 0·033. Dynamic head-space gas chromatography proved to be a sensitive method for acetaldehyde and diacetyl determination when a ‘purge and trap’ injector and a capillary column were used. The ranges suitable for determination lay between 25 and 100 μM for acetaldehyde and between 2·9 and 11·4 μM for diacetyl. Acetoin was analysed by HPLC on a cation-exchange column and detected by refractometry for concentrations ranging from 250 to 4000 μM.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Journal of Dairy Research , Volume 61 , Issue 2 , May 1994 , pp. 289 - 297
Copyright
Copyright © Proprietors of Journal of Dairy Research 1994

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