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Investigation of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) in Australian commercial milk using qPCR

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 March 2017

Shraddha Adhikari ,
Tanya Caro Tohme  and
Harriet Whiley
Shraddha Adhikari
Affiliation:
School of the Environment, Health and the Environment, Flinders University, GPO BOX 2100, Adelaide 5001, Australia
Tanya Caro Tohme
Affiliation:
School of the Environment, Health and the Environment, Flinders University, GPO BOX 2100, Adelaide 5001, Australia
Harriet Whiley*
Affiliation:
School of the Environment, Health and the Environment, Flinders University, GPO BOX 2100, Adelaide 5001, Australia
*
*For correspondence; e-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

This technical research communication describes the first study to use quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) to investigate the presence of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) in Australian pasteurised milk. MAC is the most common NTM responsible for human illnesses and includes M. avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP). MAC is a causative agent of lymphadenitis in children, with contaminated food and water considered as a likely source. As such the presence of MAC in milk would have public health significance. MAP has been linked to Crohn's disease and is also the causative agent of Johne's disease in cattle. Previous studies have detected MAP in pasteurised milk from Brazil, India, Czech Republic, USA, Argentina, UK, Iran, Ireland and the United Kingdom. This study investigated a total of 180 commercially available Australian pasteurised milk samples which were tested for MAC DNA in triplicate using PCR. All samples were negative for MAC DNA. An additional 14 milk samples were tested, incubated for 3 weeks at 37 °C to potentially increase the concentration of any viable MAC that may be present and then retested. All samples were again negative for MAC DNA. This could be due to concentrations below the limit of detection, limited sample size or could be reflective of the Australian biosecurity control protocols and surveillance of Johne's disease in ruminant animals.

Keywords

Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC)mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis (MAP)milkpublic healthCrohn's disease
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Dairy Research , Volume 84 , Issue 1 , February 2017 , pp. 89 - 91
Copyright
Copyright © Proprietors of Journal of Dairy Research 2017 

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