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The effect of physiological state, milk production traits and environmental conditions on milk fat globule size in cow's milk

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 November 2019

Leonie Walter ,
Sue Finch ,
Brendan Cullen ,
Richard Fry ,
Amy Logan  and
Brian J. Leury
Leonie Walter*
Affiliation:
Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Werribee, Victoria, 3030, Australia
Sue Finch
Affiliation:
School of Mathematics and Statistics, Statistical Consulting Centre, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010, Australia
Brendan Cullen
Affiliation:
Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
Richard Fry
Affiliation:
Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
Amy Logan
Affiliation:
CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Werribee, Victoria, 3030, Australia
Brian J. Leury
Affiliation:
Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
*
Author for correspondence: Leonie Walter, Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

This research was carried out to quantify the effects of a range of variables on milk fat globule (MFG) size for a herd of Holstein-Friesian cows managed through an automatic milking system with year-round calving. We hypothesised that the overall variation in average MFG size observed between individual animals of the same herd cannot sufficiently be explained by the magnitude of the effects of variables that could be manipulated on-farm. Hence, we aimed to conduct an extensive analysis of possible determinants of MFG size, including physiological characteristics (parity, days in milk, days pregnant, weight, age, rumination minutes, somatic cell count) and milk production traits (number of milkings, milk yield, fat yield, protein and fat content, fat-protein ratio) on the individual animal level; and environmental conditions (diet, weather, season) for the whole herd. Our results show that when analysed in isolation, many of the studied variables have a detectable effect on MFG size. However, analysis of their additive effects identified days in milk, parity and milk yield as the most important variables. In accordance with our hypothesis, the estimated effects of these variables, calculated using a multiple variable linear mixed model, do not sufficiently explain the overall variation between cows, ranging from 2.70 to 5.69 µm in average MFG size. We further show that environmental variables, such as sampling day (across seasons) or the proportion of pasture and silage in the diet, have limited effects on MFG size and that physiological differences outweigh the effects of milk production traits and environmental conditions. This presents further evidence that the selection of individual animals is more important than the adjustment of on-farm variables to control MFG size.

Keywords

Automatic milking systemdairy cowenvironmental parametersmilk fat globule diameterphysiological state
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Dairy Research , Volume 86 , Issue 4 , November 2019 , pp. 454 - 460
Copyright
Copyright © Hannah Dairy Research Foundation 2019

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