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Triacylglycerol stereospecific analysis and linear discriminant analysis for milk speciation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 November 2012

Francesca Blasi ,
Germana Lombardi ,
Pietro Damiani ,
Maria Stella Simonetti ,
Laura Giua  and
Lina Cossignani
Francesca Blasi
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Scienze Economico-Estimative e degli Alimenti, Sezione di Chimica Bromatologica, Biochimica, Fisiologia e Nutrizione, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via San Costanzo, 06126, Perugia, Italy
Germana Lombardi
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Scienze Economico-Estimative e degli Alimenti, Sezione di Chimica Bromatologica, Biochimica, Fisiologia e Nutrizione, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via San Costanzo, 06126, Perugia, Italy
Pietro Damiani
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Scienze Economico-Estimative e degli Alimenti, Sezione di Chimica Bromatologica, Biochimica, Fisiologia e Nutrizione, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via San Costanzo, 06126, Perugia, Italy
Maria Stella Simonetti
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Scienze Economico-Estimative e degli Alimenti, Sezione di Chimica Bromatologica, Biochimica, Fisiologia e Nutrizione, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via San Costanzo, 06126, Perugia, Italy
Laura Giua
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Scienze Economico-Estimative e degli Alimenti, Sezione di Chimica Bromatologica, Biochimica, Fisiologia e Nutrizione, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via San Costanzo, 06126, Perugia, Italy
Lina Cossignani*
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Scienze Economico-Estimative e degli Alimenti, Sezione di Chimica Bromatologica, Biochimica, Fisiologia e Nutrizione, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via San Costanzo, 06126, Perugia, Italy
*
*For correspondence; e-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Product authenticity is an important topic in dairy sector. Dairy products sold for public consumption must be accurately labelled in accordance with the contained milk species. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA), a common chemometric procedure, has been applied to fatty acid% composition to classify pure milk samples (cow, ewe, buffalo, donkey, goat). All original grouped cases were correctly classified, while 90% of cross-validated grouped cases were correctly classified. Another objective of this research was the characterisation of cow-ewe milk mixtures in order to reveal a common fraud in dairy field, that is the addition of cow to ewe milk. Stereospecific analysis of triacylglycerols (TAG), a method based on chemical–enzymatic procedures coupled with chromatographic techniques, has been carried out to detect fraudulent milk additions, in particular 1, 3, 5% cow milk added to ewe milk. When only TAG composition data were used for the elaboration, 75% of original grouped cases were correctly classified, while totally correct classified samples were obtained when both total and intrapositional TAG data were used. Also the results of cross validation were better when TAG stereospecific analysis data were considered as LDA variables. In particular, 100% of cross-validated grouped cases were obtained when 5% cow milk mixtures were considered.

Keywords

Milkcowewebuffalodonkeygoatcow–ewe mixturestriacylglycerol stereospecific analysislinear discriminant analysis
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Dairy Research , Volume 80 , Issue 2 , May 2013 , pp. 144 - 151
Copyright
Copyright © Proprietors of Journal of Dairy Research 2012

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