Hostname: page-component-669899f699-7tmb6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-04-26T10:04:02.580Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effects of prepartum positive and negative dietary cation/anion differences on postpartum calcium concentration and risk factors for subclinical hypocalcemia in Holstein cows

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 December 2024

Mehrdad Sami ,
Arya Badiei ,
Hamed Beiranvand ,
Farhad Moosakhani ,
Alireza Shaghayegh  and
Farhad Ahmadi
Mehrdad Sami*
Affiliation:
Large Animal Internal Medicine Specialist, Veterinarian in the Private Sector, Tehran, Iran
Arya Badiei
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
Hamed Beiranvand
Affiliation:
Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran R&D Department of Chaltasian & Talise Asil Jahan Agro-Animal Husbandry Co., Varamin, Tehran, Iran
Farhad Moosakhani
Affiliation:
Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
Alireza Shaghayegh
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
Farhad Ahmadi
Affiliation:
Department of Eco-friendly Livestock Science, Institute of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, South Korea
*
Corresponding author: Mehrdad Sami; Email: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Insufficient data are available about the association between prepartum risk factors including dietary cation–anion difference (DCAD) status and postpartum outcomes of Holstein dairy cows within commercial management systems. The first objective of this experiment was to assess the association between postpartum serum calcium (Ca) dynamics and the risk of metritis development. The second objective was to identify the association of risk factors, including DCAD status of prepartum ration, prepartum serum macrominerals and parity, with the development of subclinical hypocalcemia (SCH) in two commercial herds. Herd A (n = 32) fed a negative DCAD close-up ration and herd B (n = 30) fed a positive DCAD close-up diet. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was run to evaluate the association of serum Ca concentration at 1, 2, and 4 DIM with the risk of developing metritis. A second ROC curve was also created to assess the association of prepartum serum Mg, P, and Ca concentration with the postpartum serum Ca concentration dichotomized into normocalcemic (>8.82 mg/dl) and subclinical hypocalcemic (≤8.82 mg/dl). A logistic regression model was created to assess prepartum DCAD status (negative vs. positive) and parity (classified into a 3-level variable as first, second and third or greater lactations) as potential predictors of SCH classification. Serum Ca concentration at DIM 4 was a significant predictor of metritis (area under the curve = 0.87; P < 0.01). Cows fed positive vs. negative prepartum DCAD diet were more likely to be classified as SCH at 4 DIM. Parity did not show a significant association with the classification of SCH at 4 DIM. Our results demonstrate the importance of the DIM of blood Ca concentration assessment in connection with the diagnosis of metritis, which is crucial for the most accurate categorization of SCH and the related risk factors.

Keywords

Dairy farm systemsdairy productionhypocalcemiamammary gland
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Dairy Research , Volume 91 , Issue 2 , May 2024 , pp. 190 - 194
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Hannah Dairy Research Foundation

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

Caixeta, LS and Omontese, BO (2021) Monitoring and improving the metabolic health of dairy cows during the transition period. Animals 11, 352.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Charbonneau, E, Pellerin, D and Oetzel, GR (2006) Impact of lowering dietary cation-anion difference in nonlactating dairy cows: a meta-analysis. Journal of Dairy Science 89, 537–548.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Goff, JP (2008) The monitoring, prevention, and treatment of milk fever and subclinical hypocalcemia in dairy cows. The Veterinary Journal 176, 50–57.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Goff, JP and Horst, RL (2003) Role of acid-base physiology on the pathogenesis of parturient hypocalcaemia (milk fever) – the DCAD theory in principal and practice. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 97, 51–56.Google ScholarPubMed
Horst, RL, Goff, JP and Reinhardt, TA (1990) Advancing age results in reduction of intestinal and bone 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D receptor. Endocrinology 126, 1053–1057.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lean, IJ, DeGaris, PJ, McNeil, DM and Block, E (2006) Hypocalcemia in dairy cows: meta-analysis and dietary cation anion difference theory revisited. Journal of Dairy Science 89, 669–684.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lean, IJ, Santos, JEP, Block, E and Golder, HM (2019) Effects of prepartum dietary cation-anion difference intake on production and health of dairy cows: a meta-analysis. Journal of Dairy Science 102, 2103–2133.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Martinez, N, Risco, CA, Lima, FS, Bisinotto, RS, Greco, LF, Ribeiro, ES, Maunsell, F, Galvão, K and Santos, JE (2012) Evaluation of peripartal calcium status, energetic profile, and neutrophil function in dairy cows at low or high risk of developing uterine disease. Journal of Dairy Science 95, 7158–7172.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Martinez, N, Rodney, RM, Block, E, Hernandez, LL, Nelson, CD, Lean, IJ and Santos, JE (2018) Effects of prepartum dietary cation-anion difference and source of vitamin D in dairy cows: health and reproductive responses. Journal of Dairy Science 101, 2563–2578.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McArt, JAA and Neves, RC (2020) Association of transient, persistent, or delayed subclinical hypocalcemia with early lactation disease, removal, and milk yield in Holstein cows. Journal of Dairy Science 103, 690–701.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McArt, JAA and Oetzel, GR (2023) Considerations in the diagnosis and treatment of early lactation calcium disturbances. Veterinary Clinics: Food Animal Practice 39, 241–259.Google ScholarPubMed
Megahed, AA, Hiew, MW, El Badawy, SA and Constable, PD (2018) Plasma calcium concentrations are decreased at least 9 hours before parturition in multiparous Holstein-Friesian cattle in a herd fed an acidogenic diet during late gestation. Journal of Dairy Science 101, 1365–1378.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
National Research Council (2001) Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle, 7th rev. ed., Washington, DC: National Academy Press.Google Scholar
Neves, RC, Leno, BM, Stokol, T, Overton, TR and McArt, JAA (2017) Risk factors associated with postpartum subclinical hypocalcemia in dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 100, 3796–3804.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Neves, RC, Leno, BM, Bach, KD and McArt, JAA (2018) Epidemiology of subclinical hypocalcemia in early-lactation Holstein dairy cows: the temporal associations of plasma calcium concentration in the first 4 days in milk with disease and milk production. Journal of Dairy Science 101, 9321–9331.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Qu, Y, Fadden, AN, Traber, MG and Bobe, G (2014) Potential risk indicators of retained placenta and other diseases in multiparous cows. Journal of Dairy Science 97, 4151–4165.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rodríguez, EM, Arís, A and Bach, A (2017) Associations between subclinical hypocalcemia and postparturient diseases in dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 100, 7427–7434.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sanchez, WK, Beede, DK and Delorenzo, MA (1994) Macromineral element interrelationships and lactational performance: empirical models from a large data set. Journal of Dairy Science 77, 3096–3110.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Santos, JEP, Lean, IJ, Golder, H and Block, E (2019) Meta-analysis of the effects of prepartum dietary cation-anion difference on performance and health of dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 102, 2134–2154.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Seely, CR, Leno, BM, Kerwin, AL, Overton, TR and McArt, JA (2021) Association of subclinical hypocalcemia dynamics with dry matter intake, milk yield, and blood minerals during the periparturient period. Journal of Dairy Science 104, 4692–4702.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Serrenho, RC, DeVries, TJ, Duffield, TF and LeBlanc, SJ (2021) Graduate student literature review: what do we know about the effects of clinical and subclinical hypocalcemia on health and performance of dairy cows? Journal of Dairy Science 104, 6304–6326.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sheldon, IM, Lewis, GS, LeBlanc, S and Gilbert, RO (2006) Defining postpartum uterine disease in cattle. Theriogenology 65, 1516–1530.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Swets, JA (1988) Measuring the accuracy of diagnostic systems. Science (New York, N.Y.) 240, 1285–1293.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Venjakob, PL, Pieper, L, Heuwieser, W and Borchardt, S (2018) Association of postpartum hypocalcemia with early-lactation milk yield, reproductive performance, and culling in dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 101, 9396–9405.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wildman, EE, Jones, GM, Wagner, PE, Boman, RL, Troutt, HF Jr and Lesch, TN (1982) A dairy cow body condition scoring system and its relationship to selected production variables in high producing Holstein dairy cattle. Journal of Dairy Science 65, 495–501.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Supplementary material: File

Sami et al. supplementary material

Sami et al. supplementary material
Download Sami et al. supplementary material(File)
File 95.1 KB