Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-hc48f Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-23T10:58:56.941Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effects of divergent Holstein-Friesian strain and diet on diurnal patterns of plasma metabolites and hormones

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 September 2010

Susanne Meier ,
Eric S Kolver ,
Gwyneth A Verkerk  and
John R Roche
Susanne Meier*
Affiliation:
Dairy NZ Limited, Private Bag 3221, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand
Eric S Kolver
Affiliation:
Dairy NZ Limited, Private Bag 3221, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand
Gwyneth A Verkerk
Affiliation:
Dairy NZ Limited, Private Bag 3221, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand
John R Roche
Affiliation:
Dairy NZ Limited, Private Bag 3221, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand
*
†For correspondence; e-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Commonly measured metabolite and hormone concentrations used to describe the metabolic status of lactating cows undergo diurnal variation resulting in distinct patterns. Studies have shown that feeding events can modulate these diurnal patterns as cows respond to the nutrient intake. What is less clear is the extent to which cow genetics and diet interact to modify the diurnal patterns of specific nutritionally related metabolites and hormones. The objective of this study was to investigate diurnal patterns in circulating metabolite and hormone concentrations in divergent strains of Holstein-Friesian cows (North American, NA; and New Zealand, NZ) offered either fresh pasture (FP) or a total mixed ration (TMR). Plasma concentrations of growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), glucose, insulin, β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA), and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) were determined at 4-h intervals for a minimum of three consecutive days. All of the above metabolites and hormones exhibited within-day variability. Main effects of genetic strain and diet were observed for plasma IGF-1, and a strain by diet interaction was observed for GH. Time of day×diet interactions were observed for both glucose and insulin. Three-way interactions (time of day×diet×strain) were observed for BHBA and NEFA. These data indicate different levels of diurnal variation, with glucose, insulin, NEFA and BHBA having the largest daily variation. These diurnal patterns need to be considered in future investigations of these metabolites and hormones.

Keywords

HormonesmetabolitesdietHolstein-Friesian strain
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Dairy Research , Volume 77 , Issue 4 , November 2010 , pp. 432 - 437
Copyright
Copyright © Proprietors of Journal of Dairy Research 2010

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Adewuyi, AA, Gruys, E & van Eerdenburg, FJ 2005 Non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) in dairy cattle. A review. Veterinary Quarterly 27 117–126CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ametaj, BN, Emmanuel, DGV, Zebeli, Q & Dunn, SM 2009 Feeding high proportions of barley grain in a total mixed ration perturbs diurnal patterns of plasma metabolites in lactating dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 92 1084–1091CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blum, JW, Bruckmaier, RM, Vacher, PY, Munger, A & Jans, F 2000 Twenty-four-hour patterns of hormones and metabolites in week 9 and 19 of lactation in high-yielding dairy cows fed triglycerides and free fatty acids. Journal of Veterinary Medicine A Physiology, Pathology and Clinical Medicine 47 43–60CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chagas, LM, Bass, JJ, Blache, D, Burke, CR, Kay, JK, Lindsay, DR, Lucy, MC, Martin, GB, Meier, S, Rhodes, FM, Roche, JR, Thatcher, WW & Webb, R 2007 Invited review: New perspectives on the roles of nutrition and metabolic priorities in the subfertility of high-producing dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 90 4022–4032CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chagas, LM, Lucy, MC, Back, PJ, Blache, D, Lee, JM, Gore, PJ, Sheahan, AJ & Roche, JR 2009 Insulin resistance in divergent strains of Holstein-Friesian dairy cows offered fresh pasture and increasing amounts of concentrate in early lactation. Journal of Dairy Science 92 216–222CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gluckman, PD, Breier, BH & Davis, SR 1987 Physiology of the somatotropic axis with particular reference to the ruminant. Journal of Dairy Science 70 442–466CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hafez, ESE, Schein, MW & Ewbank, R 1969 The behaviour of cattle. In: The Behaviour of Domestic Animals 2 Edition. Baltimore MD, USA: The Williams & Wilkin Co.Google Scholar
Kay, JK, Phyn, CVC, Roche, JR & Kolver, ES 2009 Extending lactation in pasture-based dairy cows. II: Effect of genetic strain and diet on plasma hormone and metabolite concentrations. Journal of Dairy Science 92 3704–3713CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kolver, ES, Roche, JR, de Veth, MJ, Thorne, PL & Napper, AR 2002 Total mixed rations versus pasture diets: Evidence for a genotype x diet interaction in dairy cow performance. Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production 62 246–251Google Scholar
Kolver, ES & Macmillan, KL 1993 Short term changes in selected metabolites in pasture fed dairy cows during peak lactation. Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production 53 77–81Google Scholar
Lefcourt, AM, Bitman, J, Wood, DL & Akers, RM 1995 Circadian and ultradian rhythms of peripheral growth hormone concentrations in lactating dairy cows. Domestic Animal Endocrinology 12 247–256CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lefcourt, AM, Huntington, JB, Akers, RM, Wood, DL & Bitman, J 1999 Circadian and ultradian rhythms of body temperature and peripheral concentrations of insulin and nitrogen in lactating dairy cows. Domestic Animal Endocrinology 16 41–55CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Leroy, JL, Opsomer, G, Van Soom, A, Goovaerts, IG & Bols, PE 2008a Reduced fertility in high-yielding dairy cows: Are the oocyte and embryo in danger? Part I. The importance of negative energy balance and altered corpus luteum function to the reduction of oocyte and embryo quality in high-yielding dairy cows. Reproduction in Domestic Animals 43 612–622CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leroy, JL, Van Soom, A, Opsomer, G, Goovaerts, IG & Bols, PE 2008b Reduced fertility in high-yielding dairy cows: Are the oocyte and embryo in danger? Part II. Mechanisms linking nutrition and reduced oocyte and embryo quality in high-yielding dairy cows. Reproduction in Domestic Animals 43 623–632CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lucy, MC, Verkerk, GA, Whyte, BE, Macdonald, KA, Burton, L, Cursons, RT, Roche, JR & Holmes, CW 2009 Somatotropic axis components and nutrient partitioning in genetically diverse dairy cows managed under different feed allowances in a pasture system. Journal of Dairy Science 92 526–539CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Macdonald, KA, Verkerk, GA, Thorrold, BS, Pryce, JE, Penno, JW, McNaughton, LR, Burton, LJ, Lancaster, JA, Williamson, JH & Holmes, CW 2008 A comparison of three strains of Holstein-Friesian grazed on pasture and managed under different feed allowances. Journal of Dairy Science 91 1693–1707CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McCarthy, S, Berry, DP, Dillon, P, Rath, M & Horan, B 2007 Influence of Holstein-Friesian strain and feed system on body weight and body condition score lactation profiles. Journal of Dairy Science 90 1859–1869CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Meier, S, Gore, PJ, Barnett, CM, Cursons, RT, Phipps, DE, Watkins, KA & Verkerk, GA 2008 Metabolic adaptations associated with irreversible glucose loss are different to those observed during under-nutrition. Domestic Animal Endocrinology 34 269–277CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
National Research Council 2001 Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle. 7th Edition. Washington DC, USA: National Research CouncilGoogle Scholar
Nielsen, NI, Ingvartsen, KL & Larsen, T 2003 Diurnal variation and the effect of feed restriction on plasma and milk metabolites in TMR-fed dairy cows. Journal of Veterinary Medicine A Physiology, Pathology and Clinical Medicine 50 88–97CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nikkhah, A, Furedi, CJ, Kennedy, AD, Crow, GH & Plaizier, JC 2008 Effects of feed delivery time on feed intake, milk production, and blood metabolites of dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 91 4249–4260CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Payne, RW, Harding, SA, Murray, DA, Soutar, DM, Baird, DB, Glaser, AI, Channing, IC, Welham, SJ, Gilmour, AR, Thompson, R & Webster, R 2008 The Guide to GenStat Release 11, Part 1 & 2, VSN International, Hemel Hempstead, UKGoogle Scholar
Payne, JM, Rowlands, GJ, Manston, R, Dew, SM & Parker, WH 1974 A statistical appraisal of the results of the metabolic tests in 191 herds in the BVA/ADAS joint exercise in animal health. British Veterinary Journal 130 34–44CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Roche, JR, Berry, DP & Kolver, ES 2006 Holstein-Friesian strain and feed effects on milk production, body weight, and body condition score profiles in grazing dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 89 3532–3543CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Roche, JR, Kolver, ES, de Veth, MJ & Napper, A 2001 Diet and genotype affect plasma calcium, magnesium and phosphorus concentrations in the periparturient cow. Proceeding of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production 61 168–171Google Scholar
Roche, JR, Burke, CR, Kay, JK, Phyn, CVC, Meier, S & Lucy, MC 2009 Genetic strain×diet interactions on physiological parameters associated with milk production, energy partitioning, and reproduction. In: Proceedings XI International Symposium on Ruminant Physiology, pp 776–777. The Netherlands, Clermond-Ferrand, France: Wageningen Academic PublishersGoogle Scholar
Rowlands, GJ 1980 A review of variations in the concentrations of metabolites in the blood of beef and dairy cattle associated with physiology, nutrition and disease, with particular reference to the interpretation of results. World Review of Nutrition and Dietetics 35 172–235CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sutton, JD, Dhanoa, MS, Morant, SV, France, J, Napper, DJ & Schuller, E 2003 Rates of production of acetate, propionate and butyrate in the rumen of lactating dairy cows given normal and low-roughage diets. Journal of Dairy Science 86 3620–3633CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sutton, JD, Hart, IC, Broster, WH, Elliott, RJ & Schuller, E 1986 Feeding frequency for lactating cows: effects on rumen fermentation and blood metabolites and hormones. British Journal of Nutrition 56 181–192CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed