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587 A longitudinal study on the effects of diabetes on the neurodevelopment of infants

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 April 2025

Alexa Escapita
Affiliation:
University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences
Heather Moody
Affiliation:
University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences
Karina Leal
Affiliation:
University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences
Eric Siegel
Affiliation:
University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences
Tara Johnson
Affiliation:
Driscoll Children’s Hospital
Hari Eswaran
Affiliation:
University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences
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Abstract

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Objectives/Goals: An association has been found between maternal diabetes and neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), such as autism spectrum disorders (ASD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and intellectual disabilities. Our objective is to observe the effects of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) on the neurodevelopment of infants. Methods/Study Population: A prospective study was performed on thirty infants who were evaluated using four neonatal neurodevelopmental assessments. Thirteen of these infants were from mothers with T2DM and seventeen of them were from mothers without diabetes. We used the Hammersmith Neonatal Neurological Examination (HNNE), Dubowitz exam, The Capute Scales, and The General Movement Assessment (GMA) to assess the neurodevelopment of these infants. HNNE assesses posture, reflexes, tone, and movement of infants. The Dubowitz exam is used to measure tone and reflexes to get an estimated gestational age (GA) of the infant. The Capute Scales has two subsections, one measures language (receptive and expressive) and the other measures visual-motor development. Lastly, the GMA was used to observe the general movements of the infant. Results/Anticipated Results: Cochran–Mantel–Haenszel determined between-group differences. HNNE, Dubowitz, and the Capute Scales had no significant difference between groups. HNNE results: 4 T2DM below cutoff; 9 controls below cutoff. Discussion/Significance of Impact: Offspring of T2DM mothers show a risk of motor delays in infancy and later language/cognition delays. Offspring of T2DM mothers should be followed due to the risk of motor delays. Early intervention could mitigate delays. This would be the first novel use of these four tools to evaluate 1-month-olds.

Type
Team Science
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BYCreative Common License - NCCreative Common License - ND
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is unaltered and is properly cited. The written permission of Cambridge University Press must be obtained for commercial re-use or in order to create a derivative work.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2025. The Association for Clinical and Translational Science