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468 Preoperative SD and Depression, In Isolation and Combined, Are Predictors of 12-Month Disability and Pain after Lumbar Spine Surgery

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 April 2024

Rogelio A. Coronado
Affiliation:
Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Jacquelyn S. Pennings
Affiliation:
Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Hiral Master
Affiliation:
Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Carrie E. Brintz
Affiliation:
Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Keith R. Cole
Affiliation:
Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Joseph Helmy
Affiliation:
Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Emily R. Oleisky
Affiliation:
Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Claudia Davidson
Affiliation:
Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Amir M. Abtahi
Affiliation:
Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Byron F. Stephens
Affiliation:
Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Kristin R. Archer
Affiliation:
Vanderbilt University Medical Center
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Abstract

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OBJECTIVES/GOALS: To examine the individual and combined association between preoperative sleep disturbance (SD) and depression and 12-month disability, back pain, and leg pain after lumbar spine surgery (LSS). METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: We analyzed prospectively collected multi-center registry data from 700 patients undergoing LSS (mean age=60.9 years, 37% female, 89% white). Preoperative SD and depression were assessed with PROMIS measures. Established thresholds defined patients with moderate/severe symptoms. Disability (Oswestry Disability Index) and back and leg pain (Numeric Rating Scales) were assessed preoperatively and at 12 months. We conducted separate regressions to examine the influence of SD and depression on each outcome. Regressions examined each factor with and without accounting for the other and in combination as a 4-level variable. Covariates included age, sex, race, education, insurance, body mass index, smoking status, preoperative opioid use, fusion status, revision status, and preoperative outcome score. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: One hundred thirteen (17%) patients reported moderate/severe SD alone, 70 (10%) reported moderate/severe depression alone, and 57 (8%) reported both moderate/severe SD and depression. In independent models, preoperative SD and depression were significantly associated with 12-month outcomes (all p’s<0.05). After accounting for depression, preoperative SD was only associated with disability, while preoperative depression adjusting for SD remained associated with all outcomes (all p’s<0.05). Patients reporting both moderate/severe SD and moderate/severe depression had 12.6 points higher disability (95%CI=7.4 to 17.8) and 1.5 points higher back (95%CI=0.8 to 2.3) and leg pain (95%CI=0.7 to 2.3) compared to patients with no/mild SD and no/mild depression. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE: Preoperative SD and depression are independent predictors of 12-month disability and pain when considered in isolation. The combination of SD and depression impacts postoperative outcomes considerably. The high-risk group of patients with moderate/severe SD and depression could benefit from targeted treatment strategies.

Type
Precision Medicine/Health
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BYCreative Common License - NCCreative Common License - ND
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is unaltered and is properly cited. The written permission of Cambridge University Press must be obtained for commercial re-use or in order to create a derivative work.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2024. The Association for Clinical and Translational Science