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340 Machine Learning Segmentation of Amyloid Load in Ligamentum Flavum Specimens From Spinal Stenosis Patients
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 19 April 2022
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Wild-type transthyretin amyloid (ATTRwt) deposits have been found to deposit in the ligamentum flavum (LF) of spinal stenosis patients prior to systemic and cardiac amyloidosis, and is implicated in LF hypertrophy. Currently, no precise method of quantifying amyloid deposits exists. Here, we present our machine learning quantification method. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Images of ligamentum flavum specimens stained with Congo red are obtained from spinal stenosis patients undergoing laminectomies and confirmed to be positive for ATTRwt. Amyloid deposits in these specimens are classified and quantified by TWS through training the algorithm via user-directed annotations on images of LF. TWS can also be automated through exposure to a set of training images with user- directed annotations, and then application to a set of new images without additional annotations. Additional methods of color thresholding and manual segmentation are also used on these images for comparison to TWS. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: We develop the use of TWS in images of LF and demonstrate its potential for automated quantification. TWS is strongly correlated with manual segmentation in the training set of images with user-directed annotations (R = 0.98; p = 0.0033) as well as in the application set of images where TWS was automated (R = 0.94; p = 0.016). Color thresholding was weakly correlated with manual segmentation in the training set of images (R = 0.78; p = 0.12) and in the application set of images (R = 0.65; p = 0.23). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE: Our machine learning method correlates with the gold standard comparator of manual segmentation and outperforms color thresholding. This novel machine learning quantification method is a precise, objective, accessible, high throughput, and powerful tool that will hopefully pave the way towards future research and clinical applications.
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- This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is unaltered and is properly cited. The written permission of Cambridge University Press must be obtained for commercial re-use or in order to create a derivative work.
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- © The Author(s), 2022. The Association for Clinical and Translational Science