Published online by Cambridge University Press: 08 April 2014
This paper investigates the development of discourse referencing in spoken Cantonese of fifteen deaf/hard-of-hearing children studying in a sign bilingual and co-enrolment education programme in a mainstream setting in Hong Kong. A comparison of their elicited narratives with those of the hearing children and adults shows that, despite a delay in acquiring the grammatical markings for (in)definiteness in Cantonese, these d/hh children show sensitivity towards the referential properties of different types of nominal expressions and their corresponding mappings with discourse functions. Specifically, they produced more bare nouns across all discourse contexts but fewer existential constructions, pronouns, demonstratives, and classifier-related constructions. Their choice of nominal expressions and the observed errors show striking similarities to the productions by the younger hearing children in this study, suggesting that the d/hh children's route of development of discourse referencing is likely to be similar to that of hearing children despite a slower rate of development.
The sign bilingual and co-enrolment programme in which the d/hh children of this study are enrolled is funded by the Hong Kong Jockey Club Charities Trust under the research project entitled Jockey Club Sign Bilingualism and Co-enrolment in Deaf Education Programme at the Chinese University of Hong Kong. This research paper is one of the research outputs of the programme. We would like to thank the Hong Kong Jockey Club Charities Trust for their financial support to this programme.