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A Reply to John Morrill

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 January 2017

David Underdown
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Extract

As readers of the book will know, Revel, Riot, and Rebellion owes a lot to John Morrill. He asked the crucial question over the teacups; he has taught me a lot about localism and popular conservatism; and he has been an unfailingly generous source of advice and stimulating ideas. I am glad that he has considered the book so carefully and that when he is not entirely convinced by it he has expressed his reservations so temperately. It is gratifying to know that someone whose opinion I respect thinks that I have “changed the agenda of Civil War studies.” His review reinforces my hope that Revel, Riot, and Rebellion may indeed help to widen, rather than limit, the endless debate over the causes and significance of the English Revolution.

Type
Reviews
Information
Journal of British Studies , Volume 26 , Issue 4 , October 1987 , pp. 468 - 479
Copyright
Copyright © North American Conference of British Studies 1987

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References

1 For the clergy and gentry, see esp. Underdown, David, Revel, Riot, and Rebellion (Oxford, 1985), pp. 77, 90, 171–74, 179–81, 245 Google Scholar.

2 Ibid., esp. pp. 5–8, 193, 198.

3 Elizabeth Crittall, “Swanborough Hundred”; and Janet H. Stevenson, “Great Cheverell,” and “Wilsford,” in Victoria County History: Wiltshire, vol. 10, ed. Crittall, Elizabeth (London, 1975), pp. 1–7, 41–53, 204–14Google Scholar. The older county histories are those by Hutchins, John, The History and Antiquities of the County of Dorset, 3d ed., ed. Shipp, William and Whitworth, James, 4 vols. (Westminster, 1861–1870)Google Scholar; Collinson, John, The History end Antiquities of the County of Somerset, 2 vols. (Bath, 1791)Google Scholar; and SirHoare, Richard Colt, The Modern History of South Wiltshire, 6 vols. (London, 1822–1843)Google Scholar.

4 Underdown, chap. 7 and app. 2.

5 It is noted, e.g., by Everitt, Alan M., “Farm Labourers,” in The Agrarian History of England and Wales, vol. 4, 1500–1640, ed. Thirsk, Joan (Cambridge, 1967), p. 463 Google Scholar, and Change in the Provinces: The Seventeenth Century (Leicester, 1969), pp. 22–23 Google Scholar; Thirsk, Joan, “Seventeenth-Century Agriculture and Social Change,” in Lund, Church and People, ed. Thirsk, J. (Reading, 1970), p. 167 Google Scholar; Wrightson, Keith, English Society, 1580–1680 (New Brunswick, N.J., 1982), p. 171 Google Scholar; and Fletcher, Anthony, A County Community in Peace and War: Sussex, 1600–1660 (London, 1975), pp. 3–5, 61–62 Google Scholar.

6 Bettey, J. H., “Agriculture and Rural Society in Dorset, 1570–1670” (Ph.D. thesis, University of Bristol, 1977)Google Scholar; Kerridge, Eric, “Agriculture, C.1500–C.1793,” in Victoria County History: Wiltshire, vol. 4 (London, 1979), pp. 43–64 Google Scholar.

7 Underdown, chaps. 2–3, esp. pp. 49, 55–56, 61–63, 98.

8 For discussion of this point, and for a case study of one particular episode (at Dundry), see ibid., pp. 85–88.

9 Ingram, Martin, “Ecclesiastical Justice in Wiltshire, 1600–1640” (D.Phil, thesis, Oxford University, 1976), pp. 99–107 Google Scholar, and “The Reform of Popular Culture: Sex and Marriage in Early Modern England,” in Popular Culture in Seventeenth-Century England, ed. Reay, Barry (London, 1985), pp. 158–89Google Scholar. For Terling, see Wrightson, Keith and Levine, David, Poverty and Piety in an English Village: Terling, 1525–1700 (London, 1979)Google Scholar.

10 Collinson, Patrick, The Religion of Protestants: The Church in English Society, 1559–1625 (Oxford, 1982)Google Scholar.

11 For example, at Dorchester and Lyme Regis ( Underdown, David, “The Taming of the Scold: The Enforcement of Patriarchal Authority in Early Modern England,” in Order and Disorder in Early Modern England, ed. Fletcher, Anthony and Stevenson, John [Cambridge, 1985], p. 124 Google Scholar). When Wells was under Puritan rule in 1650, the male client of a prostitute was ritually ducked by order of the magistrates (see Quaife, G. R., Wanton Wenches and Wayward Wives: Peasants and Illicit Sex in Seventeenth Century England [New Brunswick, N.J., 1979], p. 150 Google Scholar).

12 Mayo, C. H., ed., Municipal Records of the Borough of Dorchester (Exeter, 1908), p. 655 Google Scholar; Harbin, E. H. Bates, ed., Quarter Sessions Records for the County of Somerset, vol. 3, Commonwealth, Somerset Record Society, vol. 28, (1912), p. 350 Google Scholar.

13 Seaver, Paul S., Wallington's World: A Puritan Artisan in Seventeenth-Century London (Stanford, Calif., 1985), esp. pp. 189–94Google Scholar.

14 That of Christopher Hill and Brian Manning, e.g.

15 Underdown, , Revel, Riot, and Rebellion, p. 204 Google Scholar. Cloth workers are, however, less strongly represented in the lists of suspects at Sherborne and Wells, in spite of the existence of clothing industries at both places.

16 Ibid., pp. 77, 90, 179–81, 245. Green, I. (”The Persecution of ‘Scandalous’ and ‘Malignant’ Clergy in the English Civil War,” English Historical Review, vol. 94 [1979]Google Scholar is right in stating that most of the Wiltshire ejections took place in the southern part of the county but quite wrong in saying that these were the Puritan parishes (see Underdown, , Revel, Riots, and Rebellion, p. 245, n. 14Google Scholar).

17 Weaver, Frederic W., Somerset Incumbents (Bristol, 1889)Google Scholar. Squibb, G. D., ”Dorset Incumbents, 1542–1731,” Proceedings of the Dorset Natural History and Archaeological Society 70 (1948): 99–117, 71 (1949): 110–32,72(1950): 111–28, 73 (1951): 141–62, 74 (1952): 60–78, 75 (1953): 115–32Google Scholar. Carew MSS, British Library, Additional MS 36,776, fols. 388–413.

18 Underdown, David, Pride's Purge: Politics in the Puritan Revolution (Oxford, 1971), pp. 234–35 (see also pp. 15–23)Google Scholar.

19 Spaeth, Donald A., “Parsons and Parishioners: Lay-Clerical Relations and Popular Belief in Wiltshire Villages, 1660–1740” (Ph.D. thesis, Brown University, 1985), pp. 273–74Google Scholar. Spaeth's analysis seems to me to confirm both the “cloth” and the “regional culture” hypotheses about Puritanism.

20 See Underdown, , Revel, Riot, and Rebellion, pp. 190–91Google Scholar.

21 A List of Officers Claiming to the Sixty Thousand Pounds, &c. Granted by His Sacred Majesty for the Relief of the Truly-Loyal and Indigent Party (London, 1663)Google Scholar. See also Newman, P. R., Royalist Officers in England and Wales, 1642–1660: A Biographical Dictionary (New York and London, 1981)Google Scholar, and “The Royalist Officer Corps, 1642–1660,” Historical Journal 26 (1983): 951 Google Scholar.

22 Newman, , “The Royalist Officer Corps,” p. 949 Google Scholar.

23 Out of the eighty-one I could identify, only twelve (15 percent) came from north Somerset. Given that roughly 38 percent of the county's population lived in this region, this seems to confirm the relative lack of Royalist strength in the northern parishes.

24 Newman, , “The Royalist Officer Corps,” p. 946 Google Scholar; A List of Officers Claiming to the Sixty Thousand Pounds …, preface.

25 Underdown, , Revel, Riot, and Rebellion, pp. 192–98Google Scholar.

26 14 Car. 2, c. 9 ( Statutes of the Realm, 5:389 Google Scholar).

27 For sources, see Underdown, , Revel, Riot, and Rebellion, pp. 195–96Google Scholar, and “The Problem of Popular Allegiance in the English Civil War,” Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, 5th ser., 31 (1981): 93 Google Scholar.

28 The other seven are Richard Bartlett, William Farthing, Thomas Garland, Henry Turner, Justinian Wallberton, Thomas Watson, and Christopher Way.

29 For example, when towns are tabulated according to the presence or absence of Royalists as defined by the two different sources (see Underdown, , Revel, Riot, and Rebellion, pp. 201–2, 205–6, 299 Google Scholar).

30 Ibid., pp. 73, 166, 170.