Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-v9fdk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-05T05:04:31.242Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The structure and migration patterns of the population of Uruguay through isonymy

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 August 2019

A. Carrieri ,
M. Sans Open the ORCID record for M. Sans [Opens in a new window] ,
J. E. Dipierri ,
E. Alfaro ,
E. Mamolini ,
M. Sandri ,
A. Rodríguez-Larralde ,
C. Scapoli  and
I. Barrai
A. Carrieri
Affiliation:
Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Italy
M. Sans*
Affiliation:
Departamento de Antropologia Biológica, Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación, Universidad de la República, Uruguay
J. E. Dipierri
Affiliation:
Departamento de Antropologia Biológica, Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación, Universidad de la República, Uruguay
E. Alfaro
Affiliation:
Departamento de Antropologia Biológica, Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación, Universidad de la República, Uruguay
E. Mamolini
Affiliation:
Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Italy
M. Sandri
Affiliation:
Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Italy
A. Rodríguez-Larralde
Affiliation:
Instituto de Ecorregiones Andinas (UNJu – CONICET), Instituto de Biología de la Altura, Universidad de Jujuy, S. Salvador de Jujuy, Argentina
C. Scapoli
Affiliation:
Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Italy
I. Barrai
Affiliation:
Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Italy
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Surname distribution can be a useful tool for studying the genetic structure of a human population. In South America, the Uruguay population has traditionally been considered to be of European ancestry, despite its trihybrid origin, as proved through genetics. The aim of this study was to investigate the structure of the Uruguayan population, resulting from population movements and surname drift in the country. The distribution of the surnames of 2,501,774 people on the electoral register was studied in the nineteen departments of Uruguay. Multivariate approaches were used to estimate isonymic parameters. Isolation by Distance was measured by correlating isonymic and geographic distances. In the study sample, the most frequent surnames were consistently Spanish, reflecting the fact that the first immigration waves occurred before Uruguayan independence. Only a few surnames of Native origin were recorded. The effective surname number (α) for the entire country was 302, and the average for departments was 235.8 ± 19. Inbreeding estimates were lower in the south-west of the country and in the densely populated Montevideo area. Isonymic distances between departments were significantly correlated with linear geographic distance (p < 0.001) indicating continuously increasing surname distances up to 400 km. Surnames form clusters related to geographic regions affected by different historical processes. The isonymic structure of Uruguay shows a radiation towards the east and north, with short-range migration playing a major role, while the contribution of drift, considering the small variance of α, appears to be minor.

Keywords

Population StructureGeographic distributionMigration
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Biosocial Science , Volume 52 , Issue 2 , March 2020 , pp. 300 - 314
Copyright
© Cambridge University Press 2019 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

†

Contributed equally.

‡

Contributed equally.

References

Acosta y Lara E (1981) Un linaje Charrúa en Tacuarembó. Revista Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias (Montevideo), serie Ciencias Antropológicas 1, 1–30.Google Scholar
Adamic, LA and Huberman, BA (2002) Zipf law and the internet. Glottometrics 3, 143–150.Google Scholar
Barrai, I, Rodríguez-Larralde, A, Dipierri, J, Alfaro, E, Acevedo, N, Mamolini, E et al. (2012) Surnames in Chile. A study of the population of Chile through isonymy. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 147, 380–388.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Barrai, I, Rodríguez-Larralde, A, Mamolini, E, Manni, F and Scapoli, C (2000) Elements of the surname structure of Austria. Annals of Human Biology 27, 607–622.Google ScholarPubMed
Barrai, I, Rodríguez-Larralde, A, Mamolini, E, Manni, F and Scapoli, C (2001) Isonymy structure of USA population. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 114, 109–123.3.0.CO;2-I>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Barrai, I, Scapoli, C, Beretta, M, Nesti, C, Mamolini, E and Rodríguez-Larralde, A (1996) Isonymy and the genetic structure of Switzerland. I: the distributions of surnames. Annals of Human Biology 23, 431–455.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Barrán, JP and Nahum, B (1971) Historia rural del Uruguay moderno. Banda Oriental, Montevideo.Google Scholar
Barreto, I (2011) Estudio biodemográfico de la población de Villa Soriano. Biblioteca Plural, Montevideo.Google Scholar
Bertoni, B, Budowle, B, Sans, M, Barton, SA and Chakraborty, R (2003) Admixture in Hispanics distribution of ancestral population contributions in the Continental United States. Human Biology 75, 1–11.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bonilla, C, Bertoni, B, González, S, Cardoso, H., Brum-Zorrilla, N and Sans, M (2004) Substantial Native American female contribution to the population of Tacuarembó, Uruguay, reveals past episodes of sex-biased gene flow. American Journal of Human Biology 16, 289–297.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bonilla, C, Bertoni, B, Hidalgo, PC, Artagaveytia, N, Ackermann, E, Barreto, I et al. (2015) Breast cancer risk and genetic ancestry: a case-control study in Uruguay. BMC Cancer 15, 434.Google ScholarPubMed
Bravi, CM, Sans, M, Bailliet, G, Martínez-Marignac, VL, Portas, M, Barreto, I et al. (1997) Characterization of mitochondrial DNA and Y-chromosome haplotypes in a Uruguayan population of African ancestry. Human Biology 69, 641–652.Google Scholar
Carvalho Neto, P de (1965) El negro uruguayo: hasta la abolición Editorial Universitaria, Montevideo Google Scholar
Cavalli-Sforza, LL and Edwards, AWF (1967) Phylogenetic analysis models and estimation procedures. American Journal of Human Genetics 19, 233–257.Google ScholarPubMed
Cheshire, J (2014) Analysing surnames as geographic data. Journal of Anthropological Sciences 92, 99–117.Google ScholarPubMed
Colantonio, SE, Lasker, GW, Kaplan, BA and Fuster, V (2003) Use of surname models in human population biology: a review of recent developments. Human Biology 75, 785–807.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Crow, JF and Mange, A (1965) Measurements of inbreeding from the frequency of marriages between persons of the same surname. Eugenics Quarterly 12, 199–203.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cuba Manrique, MC (2002) Antroponimia e identidad de los negros esclavos en el Perú. Escritura y Pensamiento 5, 123–134.Google Scholar
Darlu, P, Bloothooft, G, Boattini, A, Brouwer, L, Brouwer, M, Brunet, G et al. (2012) The family name as socio-cultural feature and genetic metaphor: from concepts to methods. Human Biology 84, 169–214.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dipierri, JE, Alfaro, EL, Scapoli, C, Mamolini, E, Rodríguez-Larralde, A and Barrai, I (2005) Surnames in Argentina. A population study through isonymy. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 128, 199–209.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dipierri, JE, Rodríguez-Larralde, A, Alfaro, EL, Scapoli, C, Mamolini, E, Salvatorelli, G et al. (2011) Surnames in Paraguay: a study of the population of Paraguay through isonymy. Annals of Human Genetics 75, 678–687.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Flores, RD (2010) Familias británicas en la sociedad rural argentina, 1866–1912. Epocas (Revista de Historia, USAL) 3, 95–132 Google Scholar
Fox, WR and Lasker, GW (1983) The distribution of surname frequencies. International Statistical Review 51, 81–87.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gascue, C, Mimbacas, A, Sans, M, Gallino, JP, Bertoni, B, Hidalgo, P and Cardoso, H (2005) Frequencies of the four major Amerindian mtDNA haplogroups in the population of Montevideo, Uruguay. Human Biology 77, 873–878.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
González-Rissotto, R and Rodríguez-Varese, S (1989) La importancia de las Misiones Jesuíticas en la formación de la sociedad uruguaya. Estudos Ibero-Americanos (PUCRS) 15, 191–214.Google Scholar
Herrera Paz, EF, Scapoli, C, Mamolini, E, Sandri, M, Carrieri, A, Rodríguez-Larralde, A and Barrai, I (2014) Surnames in Honduras: a study of the population of Honduras through isonymy. Annals of Human Genetcis 78, 165–177.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hidalgo, PC, Bengochea, M, Abilleira, D, Cabrera, A and Alvarez, I (2005) Genetic admixture estimate in the Uruguayan population based on the loci LDLR, GYPA, HBGG, GC and D7S8. International Journal of Human Genetics 5, 217–222.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hidalgo, PC, Mut, P, Ackermann, E, Figueiro, G and Sans, M (2014) Questioning the “melting pot”: analysis of Alu inserts in three population samples from Uruguay. Human Biology 86, 83–92.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
INE (2011) Censos 2011. URL: http://www.ine.gub.uy/censos2011/index.html (accessed 6th November 2017).Google Scholar
INE (2012) Uruguay en cifras 2012. Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas, Montevideo. URL: http://www.ine.gub.uy/documents/10181/39317/Uruguay+en+cifras+2012.pdf/8a922fc6-242a-4ecc-a145-c334825c8dbd (accessed 6th June 2018).Google Scholar
Kimura, M (1960) Outline of Population Genetics. Baifukan, Tokyo.Google Scholar
Lucas, K (1992) Rebeliones indígenas y negras en América Latina: entre viento y fuego. Abya Yala, Quito.Google Scholar
Malécot, G (1955) Decrease of relationship with distance. Cold Spring Harbour Symposium 20, 52–53.Google Scholar
Mantel, N (1967) The detection of disease clustering and a generalized regression approach. Cancer Research 27, 209–220.Google Scholar
Menozzi, P, Piazza, A and Cavalli-Sforza, LL (1978) Synthetic maps of human gene frequencies in Europeans. Science 201, 786–792.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mikerezi, I, Xhina, E, Scapoli, C, Barbujani, G, Mamolini, E, Sandri, M et al. (2013) Surnames in Albania. A study of the population of Albania through isonymy. Annals of Human Genetics 77, 232–243.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nei, M and Imaizumi, J (1966) Genetic structure of human populations. I. Local differentiation of blood groups gene frequencies in Japan. Heredity 21, 9–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nei, M (1973) The theory and estimation of genetic distance. In Morton, NE (ed.) Genetic Structure of Populations. Hawaii University Press, Honolulu, 45–54.Google ScholarPubMed
Pellegrino, A (2003) Caracterización demográfica del Uruguay. UNFPA-Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de la República, Montevideo.Google Scholar
Pi Hugarte, R and Vidart, D (1969) El legado de los inmigrantes, I. Nuestra Tierra, 29. Banda Oriental, Montevideo.Google Scholar
R Development Core Team (2012) R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna.Google Scholar
Rama, C (1967) Los Afrouruguayos. El Siglo Ilustrado, Montevideo.Google Scholar
Relethford, JH (1988) Estimation of kinship and genetic distance from surnames. Human Biology 60, 475–492.Google ScholarPubMed
Rodríguez-Larralde, A, Dipierri, J, Gómez, EA, Scapoli, C, Mamolini, E, Salvatorelli, G et al. (2011) Surnames in Bolivia: a population study through isonymy. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 144, 177–184.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rodríguez-Larralde, A, González-Martín, A, Scapoli, C and Barrai, I (2003) The names of Spain: a study of the isonymy structure of Spain. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 121, 280–292.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rodríguez-Larralde, A, Morales, J and Barrai, I (2000) Surname frequency and the isonymy structure of Venezuela. American Journal of Human Biology 12, 352–362.3.0.CO;2-S>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rodríguez-Larralde, A, Scapoli, C, Beretta, M, Nesti, C, Mamolini, E and Barrai, I (1998) Isonymy and the genetic structure of Switzerland. II. Isolation by distance. Annals of Human Biology 25, 533–540.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rodríguez-Larralde, A, Scapoli, C, Mamolini, E and Barrai, I (2007) Surnames in Texas: a population study through isonymy. Human Biology 79, 215–239.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rosal, M A (2009) Africanos y afrodescendientes en el Río de la Plata, Siglos XVIII–XIX. Dunken,Buenos Aires.Google Scholar
Sans, M, Alvarez, I, Callegari-Jacques, SM and Salzano, FM (1994) Genetic similarity and mate selection in Uruguay. Journal of Biosocial Science 26, 285–289.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sans, M, Figueiro, G, Ackermann, E, Barreto, I, Egaña, A, Bertoni, B et al. (2011) Mitochondrial DNA in Basque descendants from the city of Trinidad, Uruguay: Uruguayan- or Basque-like population? Human Biology 83, 55–70.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sans, M, Merriwether, DA, Hidalgo, PC, Bentancor, N, Weimer, TA, Franco, MH et al. (2006) Population structure and admixture in Cerro Largo, Uruguay, based on blood markers and mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms. American Journal of Human Biology 18, 513–524.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sans, M, Mones, P, Figueiro, G, Barreto, I, Motti, JM, Coble, MD, Bravi, CM and Hidalgo, PC (2015) The mitochondrial DNA history of a former native American village in northern Uruguay. Amercian Journal of Human Biology 27(3), 407–416.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sans, M, Salzano, FM and Chakraborty, R (1997) Historical genetics in Uruguay: estimates of biological origins and their problems. Human Biology 69, 161–170.Google ScholarPubMed
Sans, M, Weimer, TA, Franco, MH, Salzano, FM, Bentancor, N, Alvarez, I et al. (2002) Unequal contributions of male and female gene pools from parental populations in the African descendants of the city of Melo, Uruguay. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 118, 33–44.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Scapoli, C, Goebl, H, Sobota, S, Mamolini, E, Rodríguez-Larralde, A and Barrai, I (2005) Surnames and dialects in France: population structure and cultural evolution. Journal of Theoretical Biology 237, 75–86.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Scapoli, C, Mamolini, E, Carrieri, A, Rodríguez-Larralde, A and Barrai, I (2007) Surnames in Western Europe: a comparison of the subcontinental populations through isonymy. Theoretical Population Biology 71, 37–48.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Smouse, PE, Long, JC and Sokal, RR (1986) Multiple regression and correlation extensions of the Mantel test of matrix correspondence. Systematic Zoology 35, 627–632.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tarskaia, L, El’chinova, GI, Scapoli, C, Mamolini, E, Carrieri, A, Rodríguez-Larralde, A and Barrai, I (2009) Surnames in Siberia. A study of the population of Yakutia through isonymy. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 138, 190–198.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vidart, D and Pi Hugarte, R (1969) El legado de los inmigrantes, II. Nuestra Tierra, 39. Montevideo.Google Scholar
Yagüe, JL and Díaz Puente, JM (2008) Tres siglos de planificación regional en Uruguay: lecciones de experiencia para afrontar los retos de desarrollo en el siglo XXI. Estudios Geográficos LXIX/264, 247–280.Google Scholar
Yarza Rovira, EJ (2009). Los Artigas de Casupá. La estirpe de Pedro Mónico Artigas. Revista del Instituto de Estudios Genealógicos del Uruguay 32, 420–453.Google Scholar
Yasuda, N and Morton, NE (1967) Studies on human population structure. In Crow, JF and Neel, JV (eds) Proceedings of the 3rd Congress of Human Genetics, Chicago, 1966. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, pp. 249–265.Google Scholar